Renal, Cardiovascular, and Safety Outcomes of Canagliflozin by Baseline Kidney Function: A Secondary Analysis of the CREDENCE Randomized Trial
Canagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). CREDENCE randomly assigned 4401 participants with an eGFR of 30 to <90 ml/min per 1....
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Published in | Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Vol. 31; no. 5; pp. 1128 - 1139 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
American Society of Nephrology
01.05.2020
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1046-6673 1533-3450 1533-3450 |
DOI | 10.1681/ASN.2019111168 |
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Abstract | Canagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
CREDENCE randomly assigned 4401 participants with an eGFR of 30 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
and substantial albuminuria to canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze effects on renal and cardiovascular efficacy and safety outcomes within screening eGFR subgroups (30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
) and linear mixed effects models to analyze the effects on eGFR slope.
At screening, 1313 (30%), 1279 (29%), and 1809 (41%) participants had an eGFR of 30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
, respectively. The relative benefits of canagliflozin for renal and cardiovascular outcomes appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups (all
interaction >0.11). Subgroups with lower eGFRs, who were at greater risk, exhibited larger absolute benefits for renal outcomes. Canagliflozin's lack of effect on serious adverse events, amputations, and fractures appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups. In all subgroups, canagliflozin use led to an acute eGFR drop followed by relative stabilization of eGFR loss. Among those with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m
, canagliflozin led to an initial drop of 2.03 ml/min per 1.73 m
. Thereafter, decline in eGFR was slower in the canagliflozin versus placebo group (-1.72 versus -4.33 ml/min per 1.73 m
; between-group difference 2.61 ml/min per 1.73 m
).
Canagliflozin safely reduced the risk of renal and cardiovascular events, with consistent results across eGFR subgroups, including the subgroup initiating treatment with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m
. Absolute benefits for renal outcomes were greatest in subgroups with lower eGFR.
Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE), NCT02065791. |
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AbstractList | Canagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
CREDENCE randomly assigned 4401 participants with an eGFR of 30 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
and substantial albuminuria to canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze effects on renal and cardiovascular efficacy and safety outcomes within screening eGFR subgroups (30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
) and linear mixed effects models to analyze the effects on eGFR slope.
At screening, 1313 (30%), 1279 (29%), and 1809 (41%) participants had an eGFR of 30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m
, respectively. The relative benefits of canagliflozin for renal and cardiovascular outcomes appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups (all
interaction >0.11). Subgroups with lower eGFRs, who were at greater risk, exhibited larger absolute benefits for renal outcomes. Canagliflozin's lack of effect on serious adverse events, amputations, and fractures appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups. In all subgroups, canagliflozin use led to an acute eGFR drop followed by relative stabilization of eGFR loss. Among those with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m
, canagliflozin led to an initial drop of 2.03 ml/min per 1.73 m
. Thereafter, decline in eGFR was slower in the canagliflozin versus placebo group (-1.72 versus -4.33 ml/min per 1.73 m
; between-group difference 2.61 ml/min per 1.73 m
).
Canagliflozin safely reduced the risk of renal and cardiovascular events, with consistent results across eGFR subgroups, including the subgroup initiating treatment with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m
. Absolute benefits for renal outcomes were greatest in subgroups with lower eGFR.
Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE), NCT02065791. The CREDENCE randomized trial demonstrated that canagliflozin reduces risk of cardiovascular and renal events in people with type 2 diabetes and substantial albuminuria. The authors analyzed CREDENCE data to assess whether canagliflozin’s benefits are safely preserved in people with reduced eGFR, finding that the relative benefits for renal and cardiovascular outcomes appeared consistent among subgroups with initial eGFR ranging from 30 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 . Absolute benefit for renal outcomes was greater in subgroups with an initial eGFR of <60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 . Safety outcomes were generally consistent among eGFR subgroups. Canagliflozin led to an acute eGFR drop, followed by relative stabilization of eGFR loss across subgroups. Canagliflozin’s benefits and safety are apparent across the eGFR range, including among those initiating treatment with eGFR as low as 30 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 . Canagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).BACKGROUNDCanagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).CREDENCE randomly assigned 4401 participants with an eGFR of 30 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and substantial albuminuria to canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze effects on renal and cardiovascular efficacy and safety outcomes within screening eGFR subgroups (30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and linear mixed effects models to analyze the effects on eGFR slope.METHODSCREDENCE randomly assigned 4401 participants with an eGFR of 30 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and substantial albuminuria to canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze effects on renal and cardiovascular efficacy and safety outcomes within screening eGFR subgroups (30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and linear mixed effects models to analyze the effects on eGFR slope.At screening, 1313 (30%), 1279 (29%), and 1809 (41%) participants had an eGFR of 30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively. The relative benefits of canagliflozin for renal and cardiovascular outcomes appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups (all P interaction >0.11). Subgroups with lower eGFRs, who were at greater risk, exhibited larger absolute benefits for renal outcomes. Canagliflozin's lack of effect on serious adverse events, amputations, and fractures appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups. In all subgroups, canagliflozin use led to an acute eGFR drop followed by relative stabilization of eGFR loss. Among those with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, canagliflozin led to an initial drop of 2.03 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Thereafter, decline in eGFR was slower in the canagliflozin versus placebo group (-1.72 versus -4.33 ml/min per 1.73 m2; between-group difference 2.61 ml/min per 1.73 m2).RESULTSAt screening, 1313 (30%), 1279 (29%), and 1809 (41%) participants had an eGFR of 30 to <45, 45 to <60, and 60 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively. The relative benefits of canagliflozin for renal and cardiovascular outcomes appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups (all P interaction >0.11). Subgroups with lower eGFRs, who were at greater risk, exhibited larger absolute benefits for renal outcomes. Canagliflozin's lack of effect on serious adverse events, amputations, and fractures appeared consistent among eGFR subgroups. In all subgroups, canagliflozin use led to an acute eGFR drop followed by relative stabilization of eGFR loss. Among those with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, canagliflozin led to an initial drop of 2.03 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Thereafter, decline in eGFR was slower in the canagliflozin versus placebo group (-1.72 versus -4.33 ml/min per 1.73 m2; between-group difference 2.61 ml/min per 1.73 m2).Canagliflozin safely reduced the risk of renal and cardiovascular events, with consistent results across eGFR subgroups, including the subgroup initiating treatment with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Absolute benefits for renal outcomes were greatest in subgroups with lower eGFR.CONCLUSIONSCanagliflozin safely reduced the risk of renal and cardiovascular events, with consistent results across eGFR subgroups, including the subgroup initiating treatment with an eGFR of 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Absolute benefits for renal outcomes were greatest in subgroups with lower eGFR.Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE), NCT02065791.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME AND REGISTRATION NUMBEREvaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE), NCT02065791. |
Author | Cannon, Christopher P. Charytan, David M. Bajaj, Harpreet S. Di Tanna, Gian Luca Heerspink, Hiddo J.L. Perkovic, Vlado Pollock, Carol Greene, Tom Neal, Bruce Zhang, Hong Sun, Tao Bull, Scott Bakris, George Levin, Adeera Jardine, Meg J. de Zeeuw, Dick Oshima, Megumi Agarwal, Rajiv Mahaffey, Kenneth W. Qiu, Rose Rosenthal, Norman Zhou, Zien Zinman, Bernard Wheeler, David C. |
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Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Rajiv surname: Agarwal fullname: Agarwal, Rajiv organization: Indiana University School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana – sequence: 6 givenname: George orcidid: 0000-0003-1183-1267 surname: Bakris fullname: Bakris, George organization: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 7 givenname: Harpreet S. orcidid: 0000-0002-1461-1465 surname: Bajaj fullname: Bajaj, Harpreet S. organization: LMC Healthcare, Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 8 givenname: Scott surname: Bull fullname: Bull, Scott organization: Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey – sequence: 9 givenname: Christopher P. surname: Cannon fullname: Cannon, Christopher P. organization: Cardiovascular Division, 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Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah – sequence: 14 givenname: Hiddo J.L. surname: Heerspink fullname: Heerspink, Hiddo J.L. organization: The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands – sequence: 15 givenname: Adeera surname: Levin fullname: Levin, Adeera organization: Division of Nephrology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada – sequence: 16 givenname: Bruce surname: Neal fullname: Neal, Bruce organization: The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom – sequence: 17 givenname: Carol surname: Pollock fullname: Pollock, Carol 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organization: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 23 givenname: Norman surname: Rosenthal fullname: Rosenthal, Norman organization: Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey – sequence: 24 givenname: Vlado surname: Perkovic fullname: Perkovic, Vlado organization: The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
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ContentType | Journal Article |
Contributor | Heerspink, Hiddo J L Luca di Tanna, Gian Perkovic, Vlado Jardine, Meg J Bajaj, Harpreet S Cannon, Christopher P Pollock, Carol Charytan, David M Greene, Tom Neal, Bruce Zhang, Hong Mahaffey, Kenneth W Sun, Tao Bull, Scott Bakris, George Levin, Adeera de Zeeuw, Dick Wheeler, David C Oshima, Megumi Agarwal, Rajiv Qiu, Rose Rosenthal, Norman Zhou, Zien Zinman, Bernard |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2020 by the American Society of Nephrology. Copyright © 2020 by the American Society of Nephrology 2020 |
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Keywords | chronic kidney disease end-stage kidney disease SGLT2 inhibitor diabetes canagliflozin |
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PublicationTitle | Journal of the American Society of Nephrology |
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References | Heerspink (B8-20230829) 2017; 28 Brenner (B13-20230829) 1990; 70 Neal (B18-20230829) 2017; 377 Wiviott (B20-20230829) 2019; 380 Perkovic (B10-20230829) 2019; 380 Ortola (B14-20230829) 1987; 80 Holtkamp (B9-20230829) 2011; 80 Ghezzi (B1-20230829) 2018; 61 Chakraborty (B17-20230829) 2018; 25 Cherney (B12-20230829) 2014; 129 Jardine (B11-20230829) 2017; 46 Sternlicht (B15-20230829) 2019; 21 Esterline (B16-20230829) 2018; 178 Yamout (B2-20230829) 2014; 40 Heerspink (B7-20230829) 2016; 134 Zinman (B19-20230829) 2015; 373 |
References_xml | – volume: 21 start-page: 12 year: 2019 ident: B15-20230829 article-title: Blood pressure lowering and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is): More than osmotic diuresis publication-title: Curr Hypertens Rep doi: 10.1007/s11906-019-0920-4 – volume: 373 start-page: 2117 year: 2015 ident: B19-20230829 article-title: Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1504720 – volume: 380 start-page: 2295 year: 2019 ident: B10-20230829 article-title: Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1811744 – volume: 70 start-page: 665 year: 1990 ident: B13-20230829 article-title: Diverse biological actions of atrial natriuretic peptide publication-title: Physiol Rev doi: 10.1152/physrev.1990.70.3.665 – volume: 80 start-page: 670 year: 1987 ident: B14-20230829 article-title: Elevated plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels in diabetic rats. Potential mediator of hyperfiltration publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI113120 – volume: 134 start-page: 752 year: 2016 ident: B7-20230829 article-title: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: Cardiovascular and kidney effects, potential mechanisms, and clinical applications publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021887 – volume: 28 start-page: 368 year: 2017 ident: B8-20230829 article-title: Canagliflozin slows progression of renal function decline independently of glycemic effects publication-title: J Am Soc Nephrol doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016030278 – volume: 178 start-page: R113 year: 2018 ident: B16-20230829 article-title: Mechanisms in endocrinology: SGLT2 inhibitors: Clinical benefits by restoration of normal diurnal metabolism? publication-title: Eur J Endocrinol doi: 10.1530/EJE-17-0832 – volume: 377 start-page: 644 year: 2017 ident: B18-20230829 article-title: Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611925 – volume: 46 start-page: 462 year: 2017 ident: B11-20230829 article-title: The canagliflozin and renal endpoints in diabetes with established nephropathy clinical evaluation (CREDENCE) study rationale, design, and baseline characteristics publication-title: Am J Nephrol doi: 10.1159/000484633 – volume: 40 start-page: 64 year: 2014 ident: B2-20230829 article-title: Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and stage 3 nephropathy publication-title: Am J Nephrol doi: 10.1159/000364909 – volume: 80 start-page: 282 year: 2011 ident: B9-20230829 article-title: An acute fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate during treatment with losartan predicts a slower decrease in long-term renal function publication-title: Kidney Int doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.79 – volume: 25 start-page: 677 year: 2018 ident: B17-20230829 article-title: Salt-responsive metabolite, β-hydroxybutyrate, attenuates hypertension publication-title: Cell Rep doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.058 – volume: 380 start-page: 347 year: 2019 ident: B20-20230829 article-title: Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812389 – volume: 61 start-page: 2087 year: 2018 ident: B1-20230829 article-title: Physiology of renal glucose handling via SGLT1, SGLT2 and GLUT2 publication-title: Diabetologia doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4656-5 – volume: 129 start-page: 587 year: 2014 ident: B12-20230829 article-title: Renal hemodynamic effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005081 |
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Snippet | Canagliflozin reduced renal and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes in the CREDENCE trial. We assessed efficacy and safety of canagliflozin by... The CREDENCE randomized trial demonstrated that canagliflozin reduces risk of cardiovascular and renal events in people with type 2 diabetes and substantial... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Albuminuria - drug therapy Albuminuria - physiopathology Canagliflozin - adverse effects Canagliflozin - therapeutic use Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Clinical Research Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy Diabetic Nephropathies - drug therapy Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology Diabetic Nephropathies - prevention & control Double-Blind Method Female Humans Kidney - physiopathology Kidney Tubules, Proximal - drug effects Kidney Tubules, Proximal - metabolism Male Middle Aged Risk Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - adverse effects Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - therapeutic use Treatment Outcome |
Title | Renal, Cardiovascular, and Safety Outcomes of Canagliflozin by Baseline Kidney Function: A Secondary Analysis of the CREDENCE Randomized Trial |
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