Autologous Induced Stem-Cell–Derived Retinal Cells for Macular Degeneration

A goal of regenerative medicine is to use induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an autologous graft for transplantation. This study tests the feasibility of the approach to treat age-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent retinal diseas...

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Published inThe New England journal of medicine Vol. 376; no. 11; pp. 1038 - 1046
Main Authors Mandai, Michiko, Watanabe, Akira, Kurimoto, Yasuo, Hirami, Yasuhiko, Morinaga, Chikako, Daimon, Takashi, Fujihara, Masashi, Akimaru, Hiroshi, Sakai, Noriko, Shibata, Yumiko, Terada, Motoki, Nomiya, Yui, Tanishima, Shigeki, Nakamura, Masahiro, Kamao, Hiroyuki, Sugita, Sunao, Onishi, Akishi, Ito, Tomoko, Fujita, Kanako, Kawamata, Shin, Go, Masahiro J, Shinohara, Chikara, Hata, Ken-ichiro, Sawada, Masanori, Yamamoto, Midori, Ohta, Sachiko, Ohara, Yasuo, Yoshida, Kenichi, Kuwahara, Junko, Kitano, Yuko, Amano, Naoki, Umekage, Masafumi, Kitaoka, Fumiyo, Tanaka, Azusa, Okada, Chihiro, Takasu, Naoko, Ogawa, Seishi, Yamanaka, Shinya, Takahashi, Masayo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Massachusetts Medical Society 16.03.2017
SeriesBrief Report
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Abstract A goal of regenerative medicine is to use induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an autologous graft for transplantation. This study tests the feasibility of the approach to treat age-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent retinal diseases that threaten vision in older populations in developed countries. 1 – 4 Neovascular (also called “wet”) AMD is more prevalent than atrophic (or “dry”) AMD in Japan 5 and is associated with the ectopic development of a choroidal neovascular membrane in the subretinal space of the center of the retina (the macula). Physical disruption and functional impairment of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer sheet of cells that supports the overlying photoreceptors and underlying choroidal vasculature, occur in the course of wet AMD. 6 Current treatments of AMD that involve the . . .
AbstractList We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing. A surgery that included the removal of the neovascular membrane and transplantation of the autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet under the retina was performed in one of the patients. At 1 year after surgery, the transplanted sheet remained intact, best corrected visual acuity had not improved or worsened, and cystoid macular edema was present. (Funded by Highway Program for Realization of Regenerative Medicine and others; University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry [UMIN-CTR] number, UMIN000011929 .).We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing. A surgery that included the removal of the neovascular membrane and transplantation of the autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet under the retina was performed in one of the patients. At 1 year after surgery, the transplanted sheet remained intact, best corrected visual acuity had not improved or worsened, and cystoid macular edema was present. (Funded by Highway Program for Realization of Regenerative Medicine and others; University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry [UMIN-CTR] number, UMIN000011929 .).
We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing. A surgery that included the removal of the neovascular membrane and transplantation of the autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet under the retina was performed in one of the patients. At 1 year after surgery, the transplanted sheet remained intact, best corrected visual acuity had not improved or worsened, and cystoid macular edema was present. (Funded by Highway Program for Realization of Regenerative Medicine and others; University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry [UMIN-CTR] number, UMIN000011929.)
A goal of regenerative medicine is to use induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an autologous graft for transplantation. This study tests the feasibility of the approach to treat age-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent retinal diseases that threaten vision in older populations in developed countries. 1 – 4 Neovascular (also called “wet”) AMD is more prevalent than atrophic (or “dry”) AMD in Japan 5 and is associated with the ectopic development of a choroidal neovascular membrane in the subretinal space of the center of the retina (the macula). Physical disruption and functional impairment of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer sheet of cells that supports the overlying photoreceptors and underlying choroidal vasculature, occur in the course of wet AMD. 6 Current treatments of AMD that involve the . . .
Author Terada, Motoki
Ohara, Yasuo
Takasu, Naoko
Ogawa, Seishi
Fujita, Kanako
Kitaoka, Fumiyo
Ohta, Sachiko
Sawada, Masanori
Yamanaka, Shinya
Umekage, Masafumi
Kuwahara, Junko
Nomiya, Yui
Tanaka, Azusa
Tanishima, Shigeki
Yamamoto, Midori
Morinaga, Chikako
Ito, Tomoko
Kamao, Hiroyuki
Nakamura, Masahiro
Kawamata, Shin
Shinohara, Chikara
Okada, Chihiro
Akimaru, Hiroshi
Kitano, Yuko
Shibata, Yumiko
Onishi, Akishi
Go, Masahiro J
Kurimoto, Yasuo
Daimon, Takashi
Sugita, Sunao
Amano, Naoki
Hata, Ken-ichiro
Yoshida, Kenichi
Watanabe, Akira
Sakai, Noriko
Mandai, Michiko
Fujihara, Masashi
Hirami, Yasuhiko
Takahashi, Masayo
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Michiko
  surname: Mandai
  fullname: Mandai, Michiko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Akira
  surname: Watanabe
  fullname: Watanabe, Akira
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Yasuo
  surname: Kurimoto
  fullname: Kurimoto, Yasuo
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yasuhiko
  surname: Hirami
  fullname: Hirami, Yasuhiko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Chikako
  surname: Morinaga
  fullname: Morinaga, Chikako
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Takashi
  surname: Daimon
  fullname: Daimon, Takashi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Masashi
  surname: Fujihara
  fullname: Fujihara, Masashi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Hiroshi
  surname: Akimaru
  fullname: Akimaru, Hiroshi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Noriko
  surname: Sakai
  fullname: Sakai, Noriko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Yumiko
  surname: Shibata
  fullname: Shibata, Yumiko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Motoki
  surname: Terada
  fullname: Terada, Motoki
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Yui
  surname: Nomiya
  fullname: Nomiya, Yui
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Shigeki
  surname: Tanishima
  fullname: Tanishima, Shigeki
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Masahiro
  surname: Nakamura
  fullname: Nakamura, Masahiro
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Hiroyuki
  surname: Kamao
  fullname: Kamao, Hiroyuki
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Sunao
  surname: Sugita
  fullname: Sugita, Sunao
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Akishi
  surname: Onishi
  fullname: Onishi, Akishi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 18
  givenname: Tomoko
  surname: Ito
  fullname: Ito, Tomoko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 19
  givenname: Kanako
  surname: Fujita
  fullname: Fujita, Kanako
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 20
  givenname: Shin
  surname: Kawamata
  fullname: Kawamata, Shin
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 21
  givenname: Masahiro J
  surname: Go
  fullname: Go, Masahiro J
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 22
  givenname: Chikara
  surname: Shinohara
  fullname: Shinohara, Chikara
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 23
  givenname: Ken-ichiro
  surname: Hata
  fullname: Hata, Ken-ichiro
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 24
  givenname: Masanori
  surname: Sawada
  fullname: Sawada, Masanori
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 25
  givenname: Midori
  surname: Yamamoto
  fullname: Yamamoto, Midori
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 26
  givenname: Sachiko
  surname: Ohta
  fullname: Ohta, Sachiko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 27
  givenname: Yasuo
  surname: Ohara
  fullname: Ohara, Yasuo
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 28
  givenname: Kenichi
  surname: Yoshida
  fullname: Yoshida, Kenichi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 29
  givenname: Junko
  surname: Kuwahara
  fullname: Kuwahara, Junko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 30
  givenname: Yuko
  surname: Kitano
  fullname: Kitano, Yuko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 31
  givenname: Naoki
  surname: Amano
  fullname: Amano, Naoki
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 32
  givenname: Masafumi
  surname: Umekage
  fullname: Umekage, Masafumi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 33
  givenname: Fumiyo
  surname: Kitaoka
  fullname: Kitaoka, Fumiyo
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 34
  givenname: Azusa
  surname: Tanaka
  fullname: Tanaka, Azusa
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 35
  givenname: Chihiro
  surname: Okada
  fullname: Okada, Chihiro
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 36
  givenname: Naoko
  surname: Takasu
  fullname: Takasu, Naoko
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 37
  givenname: Seishi
  surname: Ogawa
  fullname: Ogawa, Seishi
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 38
  givenname: Shinya
  surname: Yamanaka
  fullname: Yamanaka, Shinya
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
– sequence: 39
  givenname: Masayo
  surname: Takahashi
  fullname: Takahashi, Masayo
  organization: From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) — all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28296613$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet A goal of regenerative medicine is to use induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an autologous graft for transplantation. This study tests the feasibility...
We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a...
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SubjectTerms Acuity
Age
Aged
Autografts
Biomedical research
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Differentiation
Clinical trials
Developmental biology
Edema
Feasibility Studies
Female
Fibroblasts
Genomes
Grants
Hospitals
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Macular degeneration
Macular Degeneration - therapy
Male
Photoreceptors
Pluripotency
R&D
Regenerative medicine
Research & development
Retina
Retinal Pigment Epithelium - cytology
Retinal Pigment Epithelium - transplantation
Skin
Stem cells
Surgery
Transplantation
Transplantation, Autologous
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Title Autologous Induced Stem-Cell–Derived Retinal Cells for Macular Degeneration
URI https://nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1608368
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28296613
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1891886882
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1878179668
Volume 376
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