Maturation of Luteinizing Hormone (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) Secretion across Puberty: Evidence for Altered Regulation in Obese Peripubertal Girls

Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obes...

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Published inThe journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 94; no. 1; pp. 56 - 66
Main Authors McCartney, Christopher R., Prendergast, Kathleen A., Blank, Susan K., Helm, Kristin D., Chhabra, Sandhya, Marshall, John C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bethesda, MD Endocrine Society 01.01.2009
The Endocrine Society
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Abstract Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis. Setting: The study was performed in a general clinical research center. Participants: Eight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1–2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Intervention: Blood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h). Main Outcome Measures: LH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900–2300 h; block 2, 2300–0300 h; and block 3, 0300–0700 h). Results: Tanner stage 1–2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency (P < 0.01, block 1 vs. 2) and mean LH (P < 0.05, block 1 vs. 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1–2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude (P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3–5 obese girls (P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low (P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3–5 girls (P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Conclusions: Obesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia. Obesity in pre- and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and dampened nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude and elevated LH frequency, with the latter possibly reflecting hyperandrogenemia.
AbstractList Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age >or= 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis. The study was performed in a general clinical research center. Eight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1-2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3-5 girls. Blood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h). LH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900-2300 h; block 2, 2300-0300 h; and block 3, 0300-0700 h). Tanner stage 1-2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency (P < 0.01, block 1 vs. 2) and mean LH (P < 0.05, block 1 vs. 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1-2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude (P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3-5 obese girls (P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low (P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3-5 girls (P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3-5 girls. Obesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia.
Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis. Setting: The study was performed in a general clinical research center. Participants: Eight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1–2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Intervention: Blood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h). Main Outcome Measures: LH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900–2300 h; block 2, 2300–0300 h; and block 3, 0300–0700 h). Results: Tanner stage 1–2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency (P < 0.01, block 1 vs. 2) and mean LH (P < 0.05, block 1 vs. 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1–2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude (P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3–5 obese girls (P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low (P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3–5 girls (P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Conclusions: Obesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia. Obesity in pre- and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and dampened nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude and elevated LH frequency, with the latter possibly reflecting hyperandrogenemia.
Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis. Setting: The study was performed in a general clinical research center. Participants: Eight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1–2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Intervention: Blood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h). Main Outcome Measures: LH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900–2300 h; block 2, 2300–0300 h; and block 3, 0300–0700 h). Results: Tanner stage 1–2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency (P < 0.01, block 1 vs. 2) and mean LH (P < 0.05, block 1 vs. 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1–2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude (P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3–5 obese girls (P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low (P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3–5 girls (P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Conclusions: Obesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia.
CONTEXTPeripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age >or= 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized.OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation.DESIGNWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis.SETTINGThe study was performed in a general clinical research center.PARTICIPANTSEight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1-2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3-5 girls.INTERVENTIONBlood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESLH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900-2300 h; block 2, 2300-0300 h; and block 3, 0300-0700 h).RESULTSTanner stage 1-2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency (P < 0.01, block 1 vs. 2) and mean LH (P < 0.05, block 1 vs. 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1-2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude (P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3-5 obese girls (P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low (P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3-5 girls (P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3-5 girls.CONCLUSIONSObesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia.
Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but overnight LH secretion in obese girls is poorly characterized. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate LH pulse characteristics in obese girls throughout pubertal maturation. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis. Setting: The study was performed in a general clinical research center. Participants: Eight nonobese and five obese Tanner 1–2 girls participated, as well as 32 nonobese and 12 obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Intervention: Blood samples were collected every 10 min overnight (from 1900 to 0700 h). Main Outcome Measures: LH pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean LH were measured in three 4-h time blocks (block 1, 1900–2300 h; block 2, 2300–0300 h; and block 3, 0300–0700 h). Results: Tanner stage 1–2 nonobese girls demonstrated nocturnal increases of LH frequency ( P < 0.01, block 1 vs . 2) and mean LH ( P < 0.05, block 1 vs . 2 and 3). Obese Tanner 1–2 girls had lower 12-h LH frequency and LH amplitude ( P < 0.05 for both), with no overnight changes of LH pulse parameters. Compared to normal, LH frequency was elevated in Tanner 3–5 obese girls ( P < 0.01 in all blocks), whereas LH amplitude was low ( P < 0.05 in all blocks). Overnight increases of LH amplitude were observed in nonobese Tanner 3–5 girls ( P < 0.0001), but not in obese Tanner 3–5 girls. Conclusions: Obesity in prepubertal and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and reduced nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude, but elevated LH frequency; the latter may reflect effects of hyperandrogenemia. Obesity in pre- and early pubertal girls is associated with reduced LH secretion and dampened nocturnal changes of LH. In later pubertal girls, obesity is linked with reduced LH amplitude and elevated LH frequency, with the latter possibly reflecting hyperandrogenemia.
Author Chhabra, Sandhya
McCartney, Christopher R.
Prendergast, Kathleen A.
Helm, Kristin D.
Marshall, John C.
Blank, Susan K.
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Issue 1
Keywords Human
Obesity
Puberty
Nutrition
Secretion
Nutrition disorder
Gonadotropin RH
Metabolic diseases
Hypothalamic hormone
Regulation(control)
Female
Hormone releasing factor
Child
Endocrinology
Nutritional status
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content type line 23
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Christopher R. McCartney, M.D., Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Box 800391, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908. E-mail: cm2hq@virginia.edu.
OpenAccessLink https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/94/1/56/9056906/jcem0056.pdf
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Snippet Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but...
Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age >or= 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but...
CONTEXTPeripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age >or= 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but...
Context: Peripubertal obesity (body mass index-for-age ≥ 95%) in girls is associated with hyperandrogenemia. LH likely contributes to this relationship, but...
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SourceType Open Access Repository
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StartPage 56
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Cross-Sectional Studies
Endocrinopathies
Estradiol - blood
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Luteinizing Hormone - secretion
Medical sciences
Obesity - metabolism
Original
Puberty - metabolism
Testosterone - blood
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vertebrates: endocrinology
Title Maturation of Luteinizing Hormone (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) Secretion across Puberty: Evidence for Altered Regulation in Obese Peripubertal Girls
URI http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1252
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18957503
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC2630866
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