Melanoma: from mutations to medicine
Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. It is a disease that, due to the presence of melanin pigment, was accurately diagnosed earlier than most other malignancies and that has been subjected to countless therapeutic strategies. Aside from early...
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Published in | Genes & development Vol. 26; no. 11; pp. 1131 - 1155 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
01.06.2012
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. It is a disease that, due to the presence of melanin pigment, was accurately diagnosed earlier than most other malignancies and that has been subjected to countless therapeutic strategies. Aside from early surgical resection, no therapeutic modality has been found to afford a high likelihood of curative outcome. However, discoveries reported in recent years have revealed a near avalanche of breakthroughs in the melanoma field-breakthroughs that span fundamental understanding of the molecular basis of the disease all the way to new therapeutic strategies that produce unquestionable clinical benefit. These discoveries have been born from the successful fruits of numerous researchers working in many-sometimes-related, although also distinct-biomedical disciplines. Discoveries of frequent mutations involving BRAF(V600E), developmental and oncogenic roles for the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pathway, clinical efficacy of BRAF-targeted small molecules, and emerging mechanisms underlying resistance to targeted therapeutics represent just a sample of the findings that have created a striking inflection in the quest for clinically meaningful progress in the melanoma field. |
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AbstractList | Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. It is a disease that, due to the presence of melanin pigment, was accurately diagnosed earlier than most other malignancies and that has been subjected to countless therapeutic strategies. Aside from early surgical resection, no therapeutic modality has been found to afford a high likelihood of curative outcome. However, discoveries reported in recent years have revealed a near avalanche of breakthroughs in the melanoma field—breakthroughs that span fundamental understanding of the molecular basis of the disease all the way to new therapeutic strategies that produce unquestionable clinical benefit. These discoveries have been born from the successful fruits of numerous researchers working in many—sometimes-related, although also distinct—biomedical disciplines. Discoveries of frequent mutations involving BRAF(V600E), developmental and oncogenic roles for the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pathway, clinical efficacy of BRAF-targeted small molecules, and emerging mechanisms underlying resistance to targeted therapeutics represent just a sample of the findings that have created a striking inflection in the quest for clinically meaningful progress in the melanoma field. Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. Aside from early surgical resection, no therapeutic modality has been found to afford a high likelihood of curative outcome. In this review by Fisher and colleagues, the authors discuss recent breakthroughs that range from new understandings of the molecular basis of melanoma all the way to new therapeutic strategies that produce unquestionable clinical benefit. Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. It is a disease that, due to the presence of melanin pigment, was accurately diagnosed earlier than most other malignancies and that has been subjected to countless therapeutic strategies. Aside from early surgical resection, no therapeutic modality has been found to afford a high likelihood of curative outcome. However, discoveries reported in recent years have revealed a near avalanche of breakthroughs in the melanoma field—breakthroughs that span fundamental understanding of the molecular basis of the disease all the way to new therapeutic strategies that produce unquestionable clinical benefit. These discoveries have been born from the successful fruits of numerous researchers working in many—sometimes-related, although also distinct—biomedical disciplines. Discoveries of frequent mutations involving BRAF(V600E), developmental and oncogenic roles for the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pathway, clinical efficacy of BRAF-targeted small molecules, and emerging mechanisms underlying resistance to targeted therapeutics represent just a sample of the findings that have created a striking inflection in the quest for clinically meaningful progress in the melanoma field. |
Author | Chin, Lynda Garraway, Levi A Tsao, Hensin Fisher, David E |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA 2 The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA 4 Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA 3 Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA – name: 1 Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA – name: 2 The Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA – name: 4 Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hensin surname: Tsao fullname: Tsao, Hensin organization: Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Lynda surname: Chin fullname: Chin, Lynda – sequence: 3 givenname: Levi A surname: Garraway fullname: Garraway, Levi A – sequence: 4 givenname: David E surname: Fisher fullname: Fisher, David E |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22661227$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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4 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.97 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.98 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.99 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.93 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.94 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.185) 1999; 36 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.95 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.96 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.286) 2000; 14 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.230) 2005; 25 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.162 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.283 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.161 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.282 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.160 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.281 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.280 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.29) 1999; 9 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.169 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.80 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.168 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.289 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.81 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.167 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.288 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.166 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.287 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.165 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.164 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.285 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.163 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.284 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.86 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.88 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.89 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.82 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.83 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.85 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.195 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.194 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.193 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.205) 2003; 63 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.192 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.191 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.190 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.70 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.267) 1997; 212 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.199 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.198 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.197 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.196 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.75 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.77 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.78 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.71 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.72 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.73 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.74 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.79 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.152) 2005; 4 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.184 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.220) 2002; 44 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.183 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.182 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.181 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.180 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.49) 2003; 63 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.188 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.187 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.186 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.64 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.66 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.67 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.60 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.61 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.62 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.63 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.68 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.69 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.250 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.137 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.258 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.136 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.257 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.135 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.134 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.255 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.133 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.132 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.253 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.131 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.130 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.251 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.53 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.54 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.55 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.56 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.50 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.129 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.51 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.128 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.249 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.52 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.127 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.248 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.57 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.58 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.59 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.215) 1989; 60 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.126 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.247 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.125 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.246 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.124 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.245 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.123 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.244 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.122 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.243 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.121 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.120 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.241 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.240 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.42 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.43 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.44 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.45 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.239 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.40 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.117 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.41 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.116 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.237 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.252) 2001; 61 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.46 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.47 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.13) 2000; 157 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.48 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.151 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.272 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.150 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.271 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.270 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.159 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.158 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.279 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.157 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.278 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.156 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.277 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.155 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.276 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.154 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.275 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.153 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.274 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.273 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.31 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.211) 2000; 29 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.32 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.33 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.34 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.30 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.149 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.39 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.1 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.84) 1996; 12 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.35 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.2 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.36 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.5 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.37 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.38 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.7 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.140 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.261 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.6 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.260 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.9 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.8 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.189) 1995; 146 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.148 (2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.221) 1998; 8 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.269 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.147 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.268 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.146 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.145 2021111618585099000_26.11.1131.266 |
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Snippet | Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. It is a disease that, due to the presence of melanin pigment,... Melanoma is often considered one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers. Aside from early surgical resection, no therapeutic modality has... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Cell Cycle Humans Melanoma - diagnosis Melanoma - drug therapy Melanoma - genetics Melanoma - pathology Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor - genetics Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor - metabolism Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - genetics Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - metabolism Review Signal Transduction |
Title | Melanoma: from mutations to medicine |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22661227 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1018635091 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3371404 |
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