The Determinants of the Human Milk Metabolome and Its Role in Infant Health

Human milk is needed for optimal growth as it satisfies both the nutritional and biological needs of an infant. The established relationship between breastfeeding and an infant's health is attributable to the nutritional and non-nutritional, functional components of human milk including metabol...

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Published inMetabolites Vol. 10; no. 2; p. 77
Main Authors Ojo-Okunola, Anna, Cacciatore, Stefano, Nicol, Mark P, du Toit, Elloise
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI 20.02.2020
MDPI AG
Subjects
human immunodeficiency virus
human milk
mastitis
metabolite profiles
metabolome
Review
human immunodeficiency virus
human milk
mastitis
metabolite profiles
metabolome
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Summary:Human milk is needed for optimal growth as it satisfies both the nutritional and biological needs of an infant. The established relationship between breastfeeding and an infant's health is attributable to the nutritional and non-nutritional, functional components of human milk including metabolites such as the lipids, amino acids, biogenic amines and carbohydrates. These components have diverse roles, including protecting the infant against infections and guiding the development of the infant's immature immune system. In this review, we provide an in-depth and updated insight into the immune modulatory and anti-infective role of human milk metabolites and their effects on infant health and development. We also review the literature on potential determinants of the human milk metabolome, including maternal infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus and mastitis.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo10020077