Illuminating subduction zone rheological properties in the wake of a giant earthquake

Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These processes have proven difficult to disentangle. The 2010 8.8 Maule earthquake occurred close to the Chilean coast within a dense network of continuo...

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Published inScience advances Vol. 5; no. 12; p. eaax6720
Main Authors Weiss, Jonathan R, Qiu, Qiang, Barbot, Sylvain, Wright, Tim J, Foster, James H, Saunders, Alexander, Brooks, Benjamin A, Bevis, Michael, Kendrick, Eric, Ericksen, Todd L, Avery, Jonathan, Smalley, Jr, Robert, Cimbaro, Sergio R, Lenzano, Luis E, Barón, Jorge, Báez, Juan Carlos, Echalar, Arturo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Association for the Advancement of Science 01.12.2019
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Abstract Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These processes have proven difficult to disentangle. The 2010 8.8 Maule earthquake occurred close to the Chilean coast within a dense network of continuously recording Global Positioning System stations, which provide a comprehensive history of surface strain. We use these data to assemble a detailed picture of a structurally controlled megathrust fault frictional patchwork and the three-dimensional rheological and time-dependent viscosity structure of the lower crust and upper mantle, all of which control the relative importance of afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation during postseismic deformation. These results enhance our understanding of subduction dynamics including the interplay of localized and distributed deformation during the subduction zone earthquake cycle.
AbstractList We invert postseismic geodetic data to reveal subduction zone mechanical properties following a megathrust earthquake in Chile. Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These processes have proven difficult to disentangle. The 2010 M w 8.8 Maule earthquake occurred close to the Chilean coast within a dense network of continuously recording Global Positioning System stations, which provide a comprehensive history of surface strain. We use these data to assemble a detailed picture of a structurally controlled megathrust fault frictional patchwork and the three-dimensional rheological and time-dependent viscosity structure of the lower crust and upper mantle, all of which control the relative importance of afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation during postseismic deformation. These results enhance our understanding of subduction dynamics including the interplay of localized and distributed deformation during the subduction zone earthquake cycle.
Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These processes have proven difficult to disentangle. The 2010 8.8 Maule earthquake occurred close to the Chilean coast within a dense network of continuously recording Global Positioning System stations, which provide a comprehensive history of surface strain. We use these data to assemble a detailed picture of a structurally controlled megathrust fault frictional patchwork and the three-dimensional rheological and time-dependent viscosity structure of the lower crust and upper mantle, all of which control the relative importance of afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation during postseismic deformation. These results enhance our understanding of subduction dynamics including the interplay of localized and distributed deformation during the subduction zone earthquake cycle.
Author Lenzano, Luis E
Weiss, Jonathan R
Cimbaro, Sergio R
Smalley, Jr, Robert
Kendrick, Eric
Brooks, Benjamin A
Bevis, Michael
Avery, Jonathan
Ericksen, Todd L
Echalar, Arturo
Saunders, Alexander
Barbot, Sylvain
Wright, Tim J
Qiu, Qiang
Barón, Jorge
Báez, Juan Carlos
Foster, James H
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jonathan R
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5142-5135
  surname: Weiss
  fullname: Weiss, Jonathan R
  organization: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Qiang
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5962-0309
  surname: Qiu
  fullname: Qiu, Qiang
  organization: Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Sylvain
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4257-7409
  surname: Barbot
  fullname: Barbot, Sylvain
  organization: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Tim J
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8338-5935
  surname: Wright
  fullname: Wright, Tim J
  organization: COMET, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: James H
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2052-5798
  surname: Foster
  fullname: Foster, James H
  organization: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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  givenname: Alexander
  surname: Saunders
  fullname: Saunders, Alexander
  organization: COMET, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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  givenname: Benjamin A
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7954-6281
  surname: Brooks
  fullname: Brooks, Benjamin A
  organization: U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Science Center, Menlo Park, CA, USA
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Michael
  surname: Bevis
  fullname: Bevis, Michael
  organization: School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Eric
  orcidid: 0000-0001-6053-7772
  surname: Kendrick
  fullname: Kendrick, Eric
  organization: School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Todd L
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9340-575X
  surname: Ericksen
  fullname: Ericksen, Todd L
  organization: U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Science Center, Menlo Park, CA, USA
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Jonathan
  surname: Avery
  fullname: Avery, Jonathan
  organization: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Robert
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7338-1401
  surname: Smalley, Jr
  fullname: Smalley, Jr, Robert
  organization: Center for Earthquake Research and Information, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Sergio R
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4788-6171
  surname: Cimbaro
  fullname: Cimbaro, Sergio R
  organization: Dirección de Geodesia, Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Luis E
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9875-3454
  surname: Lenzano
  fullname: Lenzano, Luis E
  organization: International Center for Earth Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Jorge
  surname: Barón
  fullname: Barón, Jorge
  organization: International Center for Earth Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Juan Carlos
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7265-7402
  surname: Báez
  fullname: Báez, Juan Carlos
  organization: Centro Sismológico Nacional, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Arturo
  surname: Echalar
  fullname: Echalar, Arturo
  organization: Instituto Geográfico Militar, La Paz, Bolivia
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32064315$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
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Snippet Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These...
We invert postseismic geodetic data to reveal subduction zone mechanical properties following a megathrust earthquake in Chile. Deformation associated with...
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Title Illuminating subduction zone rheological properties in the wake of a giant earthquake
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32064315
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