Characterization challenges for nanomaterials
Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Due to their small sizes, there is a significant focus on tools with high spatial resolution. It is also natural to characterize nanomaterials using tools designed to analyze surfaces,...
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| Published in | Surface and interface analysis Vol. 40; no. 3-4; pp. 529 - 537 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Chichester, UK
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
01.03.2008
Wiley |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Due to their small sizes, there is a significant focus on tools with high spatial resolution. It is also natural to characterize nanomaterials using tools designed to analyze surfaces, because of their high surface area. Regardless of the approach, nanostructured materials present a variety of obstacles to adequate, useful, and needed analysis. Case studies of measurements on ceria and iron metal‐core/oxide‐shell nanoparticles are used to introduce some of the issues that frequently need to be addressed during analysis of nanostructured materials. We use a combination of tools for routine analysis including X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and apply several other methods as needed to obtain essential information. The examples provide an introduction to other issues and complications associated with the analysis of nanostructured materials including particle stability, probe effects, environmental effects, specimen handling, surface coating, contamination, and time. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| AbstractList | Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Because of their small feature size there is a significant focus on tools with high spatial resolution. Because of their high surface area, it is also natural to characterize nanomaterials using tools designed to analyze surfaces. Regardless of the approach, nanostructured materials present a variety of obstacles to adequate, useful and needed analysis. This paper provides short overviews to some of the issues and complications including: particle stability, environmental effects, specimen handling, surface coating, contamination and time. Some specific examples are provided from a our work focused on ceria nanoparticles and iron metal-core/oxide-shell nanoparticles in which we use a combination of tools for routine analysis including XPS, TEM, and XRD and apply other methods as needed to obtain essential information. Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Due to their small sizes, there is a significant focus on tools with high spatial resolution. It is also natural to characterize nanomaterials using tools designed to analyze surfaces, because of their high surface area. Regardless of the approach, nanostructured materials present a variety of obstacles to adequate, useful, and needed analysis. Case studies of measurements on ceria and iron metal‐core/oxide‐shell nanoparticles are used to introduce some of the issues that frequently need to be addressed during analysis of nanostructured materials. We use a combination of tools for routine analysis including X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and apply several other methods as needed to obtain essential information. The examples provide an introduction to other issues and complications associated with the analysis of nanostructured materials including particle stability, probe effects, environmental effects, specimen handling, surface coating, contamination, and time. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Due to their small sizes, there is a significant focus on tools with high spatial resolution. It is also natural to characterize nanomaterials using tools designed to analyze surfaces, because of their high surface area. Regardless of the approach, nanostructured materials present a variety of obstacles to adequate, useful, and needed analysis. Case studies of measurements on ceria and iron metal-core/oxide-shell nanoparticles are used to introduce some of the issues that frequently need to be addressed during analysis of nanostructured materials. We use a combination of tools for routine analysis including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) and apply several other methods as needed to obtain essential information. The examples provide an introduction to other issues and complications associated with the analysis of nanostructured materials including particle stability, probe effects, environmental effects, specimen handling, surface coating, contamination, and time. |
| Author | Karakoti, A. S. Baer, D. R. Engelhard, M. H. Gaspar, D. J. Nachimuthu, P. Wang, C.-M. Seal, S. Nurmi, J. T. Kuchibhatla, S. Sarathy, V. Tratnyek, P. G. Sharma, A. Amonette, J. E. Qiang, Y. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: D. R. surname: Baer fullname: Baer, D. R. email: don.baer@pnl.gov organization: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J. E. surname: Amonette fullname: Amonette, J. E. organization: Fundamental and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: M. H. surname: Engelhard fullname: Engelhard, M. H. organization: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: D. J. surname: Gaspar fullname: Gaspar, D. J. organization: Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: A. S. surname: Karakoti fullname: Karakoti, A. S. organization: Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Eng, Nanoscience and Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando Florida, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: S. surname: Kuchibhatla fullname: Kuchibhatla, S. organization: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: P. surname: Nachimuthu fullname: Nachimuthu, P. organization: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: J. T. surname: Nurmi fullname: Nurmi, J. T. organization: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton Oregon, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Y. surname: Qiang fullname: Qiang, Y. organization: Physics Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: V. surname: Sarathy fullname: Sarathy, V. organization: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton Oregon, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: S. surname: Seal fullname: Seal, S. organization: Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Eng, Nanoscience and Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando Florida, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: A. surname: Sharma fullname: Sharma, A. organization: Physics Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: P. G. surname: Tratnyek fullname: Tratnyek, P. G. organization: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton Oregon, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: C.-M. surname: Wang fullname: Wang, C.-M. organization: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 2008 INIST-CNRS |
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| Snippet | Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Due to their small sizes, there is a... Nanostructured materials are increasingly subject to nearly every type of chemical and physical analysis possible. Because of their small feature size there is... |
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| SubjectTerms | CERIUM OXIDES characterization CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Exact sciences and technology GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IRON IRON OXIDES MEASURING METHODS nanomaterials NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY NANOSTRUCTURES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Physics SPATIAL RESOLUTION surface analysis SURFACE PROPERTIES TEM XPS XRD |
| Title | Characterization challenges for nanomaterials |
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