Combination of recreational soccer and caloric restricted diet reduces markers of protein catabolism and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition, health & aging Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 180 - 186
• Main Authors: de Sousa, Maysa Vieira, Fukui, R., Krustrup, P., Dagogo-Jack, S., da Silva, M.E.Rossi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Paris Elsevier Masson SAS 01.02.2017; Springer Paris; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Absorptiometry, Photon; Aged; Aging; Ammonia; Biomarkers - blood; blood glucose; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Caloric Restriction; Calories; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - blood; Chronic illnesses; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diet; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Dietary restrictions; Endocrinology; exercise; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood; Female; females; Fitness training programs; free fatty acids; Geriatrics/Gerontology; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin - metabolism; Growth hormones; Heart Rate; Hemoglobin; Humans; Hyperglycemia; IGF-1; IGFBP-3; Insulin resistance; insulin sensitivity; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 - blood; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - analysis; Insulin-like growth factors; lipolysis; low calorie diet; Male; males; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic disorders; Metabolites; Middle Aged; Mortality; muscle protein; Neurosciences; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Nutrition; Nutrition research; Oxygen Consumption; patients; Postmenopause - blood; Primary Care Medicine; protein metabolism; Proteins; Quality of Life Research; Recreation; Risk Factors; Soccer; Soccer training; somatomedins; somatotropin; sports; Brazil; Soccer training; ammonia; insulin sensitivity; GH; IGF-1; IGFBP-3
• ISSN: 1279-7707; 1760-4788; 1760-4788
• DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0708-4

Moderate calorie-restricted diets and exercise training prevent loss of lean mass and cardiovascular risk. Because adherence to routine exercise recommendation is generally poor, we utilized recreational soccer training as a novel therapeutic exercise intervention in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. We compared the effects of acute and chronic soccer training plus calorie-restricted diet on protein catabolism and cardiovascular risk markers in T2D. Fifty-one T2D patients (61.1±6.4 years, 29 females: 22 males) were randomly allocated to the soccer+diet-group (SDG) or to the dietgroup (DG). The 40-min soccer sessions were held 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Nineteen participants attended 100% of scheduled soccer sessions, and none suffered any injuries. The SDG group showed higher levels of growth hormone (GH), free fatty acids and ammonia compared with DG. After 12 weeks, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFPB)-3 and glucose levels were lower in SDG, whereas insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1/ IGFBP-3 ratio increased in both groups. After the last training session, an increase in IGF-1/IGFBP-3 and attenuation in ammonia levels were suggestive of lower muscle protein catabolism. Recreational soccer training was popular and safe, and was associated with decreased plasma glucose and IGFBP-3 levels, decreased ammoniagenesis, and increased lipolytic activity and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio, all indicative of attenuated catabolism.