Raman scattering studies of order parameters in liquid crystalline dimers exhibiting the nematic and twist-bend nematic phases

Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N TB ) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and dat...

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Published inJournal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for optical and electronic devices Vol. 3; no. 38; pp. 17 - 116
Main Authors Zhang, Zhaopeng, Panov, Vitaly P, Nagaraj, Mamatha, Mandle, Richard J, Goodby, John W, Luckhurst, Geoffrey R, Jones, J. Cliff, Gleeson, Helen F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 01.01.2015
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Abstract Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N TB ) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and data for 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) are included for comparison. Simulated and measured Raman spectra for the materials are compared. PRS is used to determine both 〈 P 2 〉 and 〈 P 4 〉 order parameters across the nematic temperature range and immediately below the N TB -N phase transition using a model that takes into account the molecular bend of the odd dimers, which is described in detail. In the nematic phase, the odd dimers are found to exhibit rather low order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.3 and 0.5 and 〈 P 4 〉 about 0.25. In contrast, the even dimer shows extremely high values of the order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.7 and 0.8 and 〈 P 4 〉 between 0.4 and 0.45. For the odd dimers, the values of 〈 P 2 〉 in the N TB phase are similar to those of the N phase, whereas 〈 P 4 〉 jumps by approximately 5-10% and then decreases with temperature. On comparing the experimental data with the theoretical predictions, we find reasonable qualitative agreement for all materials with molecular field theory. The odd dimers, however, show higher 〈 P 4 〉 values than obtained from theoretical models, a factor attributed to the neglect of molecular flexibility and biaxiality in the PRS analysis. The work deduces orientational order parameters in the nematic and twist-bend nematic phases. An homologous series of dimers is studied using Polarized Raman Spectroscopy.
AbstractList Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N sub(TB)) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and data for 4-pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and 4-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) are included for comparison. Simulated and measured Raman spectra for the materials are compared. PRS is used to determine both <P sub(2)> and <P sub(4)> order parameters across the nematic temperature range and immediately below the N sub(TB)-N phase transition using a model that takes into account the molecular bend of the odd dimers, which is described in detail. In the nematic phase, the odd dimers are found to exhibit rather low order parameters with <P sub(2)> taking values between 0.3 and 0.5 and <P sub(4)> about 0.25. In contrast, the even dimer shows extremely high values of the order parameters with <P sub(2)> taking values between 0.7 and 0.8 and <P sub(4)> between 0.4 and 0.45. For the odd dimers, the values of <P sub(2)> in the N sub(TB) phase are similar to those of the N phase, whereas <P sub(4)> jumps by approximately 5-10% and then decreases with temperature. On comparing the experimental data with the theoretical predictions, we find reasonable qualitative agreement for all materials with molecular field theory. The odd dimers, however, show higher <P sub(4)> values than obtained from theoretical models, a factor attributed to the neglect of molecular flexibility and biaxiality in the PRS analysis.
Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N TB ) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and data for 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) are included for comparison. Simulated and measured Raman spectra for the materials are compared. PRS is used to determine both 〈 P 2 〉 and 〈 P 4 〉 order parameters across the nematic temperature range and immediately below the N TB -N phase transition using a model that takes into account the molecular bend of the odd dimers, which is described in detail. In the nematic phase, the odd dimers are found to exhibit rather low order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.3 and 0.5 and 〈 P 4 〉 about 0.25. In contrast, the even dimer shows extremely high values of the order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.7 and 0.8 and 〈 P 4 〉 between 0.4 and 0.45. For the odd dimers, the values of 〈 P 2 〉 in the N TB phase are similar to those of the N phase, whereas 〈 P 4 〉 jumps by approximately 5-10% and then decreases with temperature. On comparing the experimental data with the theoretical predictions, we find reasonable qualitative agreement for all materials with molecular field theory. The odd dimers, however, show higher 〈 P 4 〉 values than obtained from theoretical models, a factor attributed to the neglect of molecular flexibility and biaxiality in the PRS analysis. The work deduces orientational order parameters in the nematic and twist-bend nematic phases. An homologous series of dimers is studied using Polarized Raman Spectroscopy.
Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N TB ) nematic phases of a homologous series of liquid crystalline dimers. The dimers investigated have 7, 8, 9 and 11 methylene groups connecting two cyanobiphenyl mesogens and data for 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) are included for comparison. Simulated and measured Raman spectra for the materials are compared. PRS is used to determine both 〈 P 2 〉 and 〈 P 4 〉 order parameters across the nematic temperature range and immediately below the N TB –N phase transition using a model that takes into account the molecular bend of the odd dimers, which is described in detail. In the nematic phase, the odd dimers are found to exhibit rather low order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.3 and 0.5 and 〈 P 4 〉 about 0.25. In contrast, the even dimer shows extremely high values of the order parameters with 〈 P 2 〉 taking values between 0.7 and 0.8 and 〈 P 4 〉 between 0.4 and 0.45. For the odd dimers, the values of 〈 P 2 〉 in the N TB phase are similar to those of the N phase, whereas 〈 P 4 〉 jumps by approximately 5–10% and then decreases with temperature. On comparing the experimental data with the theoretical predictions, we find reasonable qualitative agreement for all materials with molecular field theory. The odd dimers, however, show higher 〈 P 4 〉 values than obtained from theoretical models, a factor attributed to the neglect of molecular flexibility and biaxiality in the PRS analysis.
Author Panov, Vitaly P
Jones, J. Cliff
Goodby, John W
Zhang, Zhaopeng
Nagaraj, Mamatha
Gleeson, Helen F
Luckhurst, Geoffrey R
Mandle, Richard J
AuthorAffiliation Department of Chemistry
University of Leeds
University of Southampton
School of Physics and Astronomy
University of Manchester
University of York
School of Chemistry
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: University of Southampton
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– name: University of Leeds
– name: University of Manchester
– name: School of Chemistry
– name: University of York
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  givenname: Zhaopeng
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Zhaopeng
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  givenname: Vitaly P
  surname: Panov
  fullname: Panov, Vitaly P
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  givenname: Mamatha
  surname: Nagaraj
  fullname: Nagaraj, Mamatha
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  givenname: Richard J
  surname: Mandle
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  surname: Gleeson
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Snippet Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N TB ) nematic phases of a homologous...
Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) is used to quantify the orientational order in the conventional (N) and twist-bend (N sub(TB)) nematic phases of a...
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SubjectTerms Dimers
Field theory
Liquid crystals
Mathematical models
Methylene
Nematic
Order parameters
Phases
Title Raman scattering studies of order parameters in liquid crystalline dimers exhibiting the nematic and twist-bend nematic phases
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