Review: Mytilus galloprovincialis: An essential, low-cost model organism for the impact of xenobiotics on oxidative stress and public health

• Published in: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology Vol. 256; p. 109302
• Main Authors: Curpan, Alexandrina-Stefania, Impellitteri, Federica, Plavan, Gabriel, Ciobica, Alin, Faggio, Caterina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2022
• Subjects: air quality; animal models; antiviral agents; Bivalve; cell viability; Lysosomal membrane stability; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Neutral red; oxidative stress; physiology; pollution; public health; toxicity; toxicology; Trypan blue; weather; Xenobiotics; Lysosomal membrane stability; Xenobiotics; Trypan blue; Bivalve; Neutral red
• ISSN: 1532-0456; 1878-1659
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109302

The level of pollution becomes more and more of a pressuring matter for humankind at a worldwide level. Often the focus is on the effects that we can directly and see such as decreased air quality and higher than normal temperatures and weather, but the effects we cannot see are frequently overlooked. For at least the past decade increasing importance has been given towards the effects of pollution of living animals or non-target organisms and plants. For this purpose, one model animal that surfaced is the purpose, one model animal surfaced is Mytilus galloprovincialis. As all mussels, this species is capable of bio-accumulating important quantities of different xenobiotics such as pesticides, paints, medicines, heavy metals, industrial compounds, and even compounds marketed as antioxidants and antivirals. Their toxic effects can be assessed through their impact on oxidative stress, lysosomal membrane stability, and cell viability through trypan blue exclusion test and neutral red retention assay techniques. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the benefits of using M. galloprovincialis as an animal model for toxicological assays of various classes of xenobiotics by bringing to light the studies that have approached the matter. [Display omitted] •Bivalves are an excellent biomarker for the pollution of the water.•M. galloprovincialis is part of the human food chain.•Oxidative stress and cell viability are good tests for assessing toxicity in mussels.