Diet adherence and gluten exposure in coeliac disease and self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity

Summary Background/objectives Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate g...

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Published inClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 275 - 280
Main Authors Løvik, A, Skodje, G, Bratlie, J, Brottveit, M, Lundin, K.E.A
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2017
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Abstract Summary Background/objectives Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate gluten exposure based on weighed food records and analysis of gluten content in selected food items. Subjects/methods Twenty-three subjects with biopsy verified CD on a gluten-free diet and 34 HLA-DQ2+ NCGS subjects on a self-instituted gluten-free diet were enrolled. The latter group was under investigation of CD. Dietary adherence was assessed by frequency questionnaire and structured forms supplied by weighed food records. For the analyses of food samples, the sandwich R5-ELISA, Ridascreen® Gliadin competitive method was used. Results There was no difference in dietary adherence between CD and NCGS subjects (83% vs 68%, p = 0.21). NCGS subjects were mainly self-educated in gluten-free diet compared to CD subjects (91% and 39%, respectively, p < 0.001). In non-adherent subjects, there was no difference in gluten exposure between CD and NCGS (10 vs 138 mg/day, p = 0.83). There was no difference in BMR-factor between CD and NCGS subjects, or between adherent and non-adherent subjects. Conclusions Both CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, and adherence did not differ between the groups. Gluten exposure varied greatly, and some CD and NCGS subjects reached gluten intake above 500 mg/day, which might have considerable health effects on the individual, especially in case of coeliac disease.
AbstractList Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate gluten exposure based on weighed food records and analysis of gluten content in selected food items. Twenty-three subjects with biopsy verified CD on a gluten-free diet and 34 HLA-DQ2+ NCGS subjects on a self-instituted gluten-free diet were enrolled. The latter group was under investigation of CD. Dietary adherence was assessed by frequency questionnaire and structured forms supplied by weighed food records. For the analyses of food samples, the sandwich R5-ELISA, Ridascreen® Gliadin competitive method was used. There was no difference in dietary adherence between CD and NCGS subjects (83% vs 68%, p = 0.21). NCGS subjects were mainly self-educated in gluten-free diet compared to CD subjects (91% and 39%, respectively, p < 0.001). In non-adherent subjects, there was no difference in gluten exposure between CD and NCGS (10 vs 138 mg/day, p = 0.83). There was no difference in BMR-factor between CD and NCGS subjects, or between adherent and non-adherent subjects. Both CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, and adherence did not differ between the groups. Gluten exposure varied greatly, and some CD and NCGS subjects reached gluten intake above 500 mg/day, which might have considerable health effects on the individual, especially in case of coeliac disease. •There was no difference in diet adherence between CD (n = 23) and NCGS (n = 34) subjects.•The proportion of self-education in gluten-free diet was significantly higher among NCGS than among CD subjects.•Both CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, but transgressions occurred.•Gluten exposure in non-adherent subjects varied from 4 to 607 g/day, but did not differ between CD and NCGS subjects.
Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate gluten exposure based on weighed food records and analysis of gluten content in selected food items. Twenty-three subjects with biopsy verified CD on a gluten-free diet and 34 HLA-DQ2 NCGS subjects on a self-instituted gluten-free diet were enrolled. The latter group was under investigation of CD. Dietary adherence was assessed by frequency questionnaire and structured forms supplied by weighed food records. For the analyses of food samples, the sandwich R5-ELISA, Ridascreen Gliadin competitive method was used. There was no difference in dietary adherence between CD and NCGS subjects (83% vs 68%, p = 0.21). NCGS subjects were mainly self-educated in gluten-free diet compared to CD subjects (91% and 39%, respectively, p < 0.001). In non-adherent subjects, there was no difference in gluten exposure between CD and NCGS (10 vs 138 mg/day, p = 0.83). There was no difference in BMR-factor between CD and NCGS subjects, or between adherent and non-adherent subjects. Both CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, and adherence did not differ between the groups. Gluten exposure varied greatly, and some CD and NCGS subjects reached gluten intake above 500 mg/day, which might have considerable health effects on the individual, especially in case of coeliac disease.
Summary Background/objectives Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate gluten exposure based on weighed food records and analysis of gluten content in selected food items. Subjects/methods Twenty-three subjects with biopsy verified CD on a gluten-free diet and 34 HLA-DQ2+ NCGS subjects on a self-instituted gluten-free diet were enrolled. The latter group was under investigation of CD. Dietary adherence was assessed by frequency questionnaire and structured forms supplied by weighed food records. For the analyses of food samples, the sandwich R5-ELISA, Ridascreen® Gliadin competitive method was used. Results There was no difference in dietary adherence between CD and NCGS subjects (83% vs 68%, p = 0.21). NCGS subjects were mainly self-educated in gluten-free diet compared to CD subjects (91% and 39%, respectively, p < 0.001). In non-adherent subjects, there was no difference in gluten exposure between CD and NCGS (10 vs 138 mg/day, p = 0.83). There was no difference in BMR-factor between CD and NCGS subjects, or between adherent and non-adherent subjects. Conclusions Both CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, and adherence did not differ between the groups. Gluten exposure varied greatly, and some CD and NCGS subjects reached gluten intake above 500 mg/day, which might have considerable health effects on the individual, especially in case of coeliac disease.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAdherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary adherence in coeliac disease (CD) subjects and in non-coeliac gluten sensitive (NCGS) subjects, and to estimate gluten exposure based on weighed food records and analysis of gluten content in selected food items.SUBJECTS/METHODSTwenty-three subjects with biopsy verified CD on a gluten-free diet and 34 HLA-DQ2+ NCGS subjects on a self-instituted gluten-free diet were enrolled. The latter group was under investigation of CD. Dietary adherence was assessed by frequency questionnaire and structured forms supplied by weighed food records. For the analyses of food samples, the sandwich R5-ELISA, Ridascreen® Gliadin competitive method was used.RESULTSThere was no difference in dietary adherence between CD and NCGS subjects (83% vs 68%, p = 0.21). NCGS subjects were mainly self-educated in gluten-free diet compared to CD subjects (91% and 39%, respectively, p < 0.001). In non-adherent subjects, there was no difference in gluten exposure between CD and NCGS (10 vs 138 mg/day, p = 0.83). There was no difference in BMR-factor between CD and NCGS subjects, or between adherent and non-adherent subjects.CONCLUSIONSBoth CD and NCGS subjects were largely adherent, and adherence did not differ between the groups. Gluten exposure varied greatly, and some CD and NCGS subjects reached gluten intake above 500 mg/day, which might have considerable health effects on the individual, especially in case of coeliac disease.
Author Skodje, G
Brottveit, M
Løvik, A
Bratlie, J
Lundin, K.E.A
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Issue 1
Keywords fermentable oligo-di-monosaccharides and polyols
non-coeliac gluten sensitivity
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
BMR-factor
non statistical
NCGS
NS
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity
basal metabolic rate
National Institutes of Health
Gluten contamination
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
persons who avoid wheat and/or gluten
energy intake and basal metabolic rate-ratio
non-coeliac wheat sensitivity
Diet adherence
amylase-trypsin inhibitor
SPSS
BMI
energy intake
CD
EI
PWAWG
body mass index
BMR
Gluten exposure
NIH
FODMAP
Celiac disease
coeliac disease
human leucocyte antigen
NCWS
ATI
HLA
ELISA
Language English
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Snippet Summary Background/objectives Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the...
Adherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were to compare dietary...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAdherence to gluten-free diet in self reported non-coeliac gluten sensitive subjects is scarcely researched. Objectives of the study were...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Body Mass Index
Celiac disease
Celiac Disease - diet therapy
Diet adherence
Diet, Gluten-Free
Edible Grain - chemistry
Female
Food Hypersensitivity - diagnosis
Food Hypersensitivity - diet therapy
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gluten contamination
Gluten exposure
Glutens - administration & dosage
HLA-DQ Antigens - genetics
Humans
Malabsorption Syndromes - diet therapy
Male
Middle Aged
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity
Nutrition Assessment
Patient Compliance
Prolamins - administration & dosage
Self Report
Young Adult
Title Diet adherence and gluten exposure in coeliac disease and self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0261561415003374
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.11.017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26714791
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1826639067
Volume 36
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