Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Children Born to HBsAg-Positive Mothers: a 20-year Retrospective Study
Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)...
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Published in | Infection Vol. 37; no. 4; pp. 340 - 343 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Munchen
Munchen : Urban and Vogel
01.08.2009
Urban and Vogel Springer Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Results: Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective ([double dagger] 10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAgpositive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Conclusion: Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. |
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AbstractList | Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Results: Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective ([double dagger] 10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAgpositive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Conclusion: Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective ([double dagger] 10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAgpositive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. Background: : Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: : To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Results: : Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective ( 10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAgpositive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Conclusion: : Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective (> or =10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAg-positive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984–2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). Results: Two subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective (‡ 10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAgpositive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. Conclusion: Our data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. BACKGROUNDPreventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODSTo evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against HBV, we conducted a 20-year retrospective study on 100 subjects, born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers, who had received postexposure prophylaxis at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases (Siena University, Italy) during 1984-2004. All patients were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HB core antigen (anti-HBc). RESULTSTwo subjects (2%) acquired the infection as shown by the presence of anti-HBc. Of the 98 patients who did not acquire the infection, 62 of these (63.3%) had an anti-HBs concentration considered protective (> or =10 mIU/ml). The percentage of protected subjects decreased in relation to time from vaccination with a significant reduction (p = 0.009) of anti-HBs geometric mean titre (GMT) after 5 years, which reached the level of 10 mIU/ml after about 15 years. No patients without protective concentration have acquired the infection as of today. Only 12% of the HBsAg-positive mothers were followed in specialized structures after pregnancy, reflecting the scarce knowledge of the problem in the general population. CONCLUSIONOur data, while confirming the effectiveness of anti hepatitis B vaccination, highlight the need for postvaccination follow-up, particularly in high-risk categories, to prolong protection, through booster doses if necessary. We show, moreover, the importance of maintaining active surveillance in the territory to improve follow-up to chronic carriers and to sensitize families. |
Author | Luzzi, L Sansoni, A Zanelli, G Bracciale, L Fabbiani, M Bernini, L |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_1471_2334_12_221 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijgo_2010_06_013 crossref_primary_10_1136_archdischild_2012_302153 crossref_primary_10_1111_liv_13736 crossref_primary_10_1590_S0037_86822011005000046 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00705_017_3365_6 crossref_primary_10_1080_21645515_2016_1267084 crossref_primary_10_1007_s15010_012_0379_6 crossref_primary_10_3109_01443615_2012_711389 crossref_primary_10_1007_s15010_010_0039_7 crossref_primary_10_1159_000356892 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2018_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1080_21645515_2015_1130195 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cgh_2018_10_007 crossref_primary_10_1007_s15010_011_0233_2 |
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Keywords | Vaccination Cycle Booster Dose Postexposure Prophylaxis Acute Hepatitis Infection Viral hepatitis B Nosocomial infection Pediatrics Survey Efficiency Viral disease Vaccine Hospital Hygiene Retrospective |
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Alter – volume: 351 start-page: 2832 year: 2004 ident: 8252_CR6 publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp041507 contributor: fullname: G.A. Poland – volume: 14 start-page: 1019 year: 1996 ident: 8252_CR10 publication-title: Vaccine doi: 10.1016/0264-410X(96)00062-X contributor: fullname: D.J. West – volume: 19 start-page: 2375 year: 2001 ident: 8252_CR11 publication-title: Vaccine doi: 10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00457-6 contributor: fullname: P. Damme Van – volume: 366 start-page: 1337 year: 2005 ident: 8252_CR15 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67544-7 contributor: fullname: J.H. Kao – volume: 11 start-page: 189 year: 2005 ident: 8252_CR14 publication-title: J Infect Chemother doi: 10.1007/s10156-005-0385-Z contributor: fullname: C. Sarrecchia – volume: 2 start-page: 133 year: 2004 ident: 8252_CR2 publication-title: Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther doi: 10.1586/14787210.2.1.133 contributor: fullname: S. 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Snippet | Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the... Background: Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the... Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against... Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination against... Background: : Preventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients and Methods: : To evaluate the... BACKGROUNDPreventive measures remain the best approach to control the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODSTo evaluate the... |
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Title | Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Children Born to HBsAg-Positive Mothers: a 20-year Retrospective Study |
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