Assessing Leadership Capacity in the Food System: The Issue Leadership Scale

The food system represents a complex, interrelated, and interdependent network of individuals and organizations. Despite the unique characteristics of the food system domain, there has never been a comprehensive analysis of leadership capacity amongst food system professionals. The present study pro...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inFoods Vol. 12; no. 20; p. 3746
Main Author Lamm, Kevan W.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract The food system represents a complex, interrelated, and interdependent network of individuals and organizations. Despite the unique characteristics of the food system domain, there has never been a comprehensive analysis of leadership capacity amongst food system professionals. The present study provides an empirical assessment of food system leadership capacity using many leadership instruments. The study included pilot (n = 125) and primary (n = 4185) data collection across 27 food system-related leadership development programs. The results validate the Issue Leadership scale, which comprises seven capacity areas: action, change, communication, critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, interpersonal traits and characteristics, leadership process, and leadership skills. The Issue Leadership scale captures both perception of importance and current skill level. The study results indicate that food system professionals perceived communication and critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning as the most important leadership capacity areas. Furthermore, respondents indicated the highest level of self-perceived skill in critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, and interpersonal traits and characteristics. Overall, respondents had higher perceived importance levels (m = 4.17) than skill (m = 3.44), indicating the need for additional leadership capacity development amongst food system professionals. Respondents also indicated similar levels of opinion leadership (m = 3.92), servant leadership (m = 3.82), transformational leadership (m = 3.78), and transactional leadership (m = 3.70), providing an additional empirical assessment of food system professional leadership capacity.
AbstractList The food system represents a complex, interrelated, and interdependent network of individuals and organizations. Despite the unique characteristics of the food system domain, there has never been a comprehensive analysis of leadership capacity amongst food system professionals. The present study provides an empirical assessment of food system leadership capacity using many leadership instruments. The study included pilot (n = 125) and primary (n = 4185) data collection across 27 food system-related leadership development programs. The results validate the Issue Leadership scale, which comprises seven capacity areas: action, change, communication, critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, interpersonal traits and characteristics, leadership process, and leadership skills. The Issue Leadership scale captures both perception of importance and current skill level. The study results indicate that food system professionals perceived communication and critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning as the most important leadership capacity areas. Furthermore, respondents indicated the highest level of self-perceived skill in critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, and interpersonal traits and characteristics. Overall, respondents had higher perceived importance levels (m = 4.17) than skill (m = 3.44), indicating the need for additional leadership capacity development amongst food system professionals. Respondents also indicated similar levels of opinion leadership (m = 3.92), servant leadership (m = 3.82), transformational leadership (m = 3.78), and transactional leadership (m = 3.70), providing an additional empirical assessment of food system professional leadership capacity.
The food system represents a complex, interrelated, and interdependent network of individuals and organizations. Despite the unique characteristics of the food system domain, there has never been a comprehensive analysis of leadership capacity amongst food system professionals. The present study provides an empirical assessment of food system leadership capacity using many leadership instruments. The study included pilot ( n = 125) and primary ( n = 4185) data collection across 27 food system-related leadership development programs. The results validate the Issue Leadership scale, which comprises seven capacity areas: action, change, communication, critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, interpersonal traits and characteristics, leadership process, and leadership skills. The Issue Leadership scale captures both perception of importance and current skill level. The study results indicate that food system professionals perceived communication and critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning as the most important leadership capacity areas. Furthermore, respondents indicated the highest level of self-perceived skill in critical thinking, strategic planning and visioning, and interpersonal traits and characteristics. Overall, respondents had higher perceived importance levels ( m = 4.17) than skill ( m = 3.44), indicating the need for additional leadership capacity development amongst food system professionals. Respondents also indicated similar levels of opinion leadership ( m = 3.92), servant leadership ( m = 3.82), transformational leadership ( m = 3.78), and transactional leadership ( m = 3.70), providing an additional empirical assessment of food system professional leadership capacity.
Audience Academic
Author Lamm, Kevan W
AuthorAffiliation Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education & Communication, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA; kl@uga.edu
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education & Communication, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA; kl@uga.edu
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kevan W.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5238-8842
  surname: Lamm
  fullname: Lamm, Kevan W.
BookMark eNpdkk1vEzEQhi1UREvpkftKXLhssT27_uCCoohCpEgcWs6W155NHO2ug71Byr_HIRVqsA8ezbzvM9Zo3pKrKU5IyHtG7wE0_dTH6DPjnIJsxCtyw4E2tWKtunoRX5O7nHe0HM1AAX9DrkEqDQLUDVkvcsacw7Sp1mg9prwN-2pp99aF-ViFqZq3WD2UPtXjMc84fq6eSmKV8wFfOh6dHfAded3bIePd83tLfj58fVp-r9c_vq2Wi3XtmraZ61Yy1Xcc0XIP2ntoNTDoNOtKXTHmNHrGvXfSaUWZ7IFaJrwF33UUGw-3ZHXm-mh3Zp_CaNPRRBvM30RMG2PTHNyARgpmoW0a3kvXaOGVFKCdaFXXUt63J9aXM2t_6Eb0Dqc52eECelmZwtZs4m_DqKCFQwvh4zMhxV8HzLMZQ3Y4DHbCeMiGKwWtFLpRRfrhP-kuHtJUZnVS8VZS2fCiuj-rNmWmJkx9LI1duR7H4MoG9KHkF1JyKoApWQz12eBSzDlh_-_7jJrTopiLRYE_MPOvqg
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100592
10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100432
10.3390/foods12112208
10.4324/9781410617095
10.1080/1367886042000338227
10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.350
10.1177/001316446002000116
10.5032/jae.2015.03146
10.1177/002224378602300211
10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
10.1007/s10869-010-9194-1
10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309
10.1177/0018726708094863
10.5032/jae.2020.02128
10.1177/1094428104263675
10.1207/S15328007SEM1002_2
10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
10.1016/j.gfs.2015.08.001
10.1016/0030-5073(84)90036-9
10.1111/j.1468-2389.1993.tb00092.x
10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.09.002
10.1038/s41598-022-25559-7
10.1037/0003-066X.62.1.25
10.1207/S15327752JPA8001_18
10.1016/1048-9843(90)90009-7
10.1037/h0036316
10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.272
10.5751/ES-01759-110208
10.1037/0022-3514.93.5.880
10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.64
10.1016/1048-9843(91)90016-U
10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.06.007
10.1080/01488376.2011.580697
10.1108/03090599610119692
10.3390/foods12183433
10.3390/foods12010012
10.3390/foods12132598
10.3390/foods12163026
10.1038/s41591-023-02546-7
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG
2023 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2023 by the author. 2023
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG
– notice: 2023 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2023 by the author. 2023
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7QR
7T7
7X2
8FD
8FE
8FH
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
ATCPS
AZQEC
BENPR
BHPHI
C1K
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
HCIFZ
M0K
P64
PIMPY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.3390/foods12203746
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Chemoreception Abstracts
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
Agricultural Science Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Agriculture & Environmental Science Database
ProQuest Central Essentials
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
SciTech Premium Collection
Agricultural Science Database
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Agricultural Science Database
Publicly Available Content Database
Technology Research Database
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Central China
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
Chemoreception Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE - Academic



CrossRef
Agricultural Science Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: BENPR
  name: AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Diet & Clinical Nutrition
Agriculture
EISSN 2304-8158
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_761a35442f7c496d87639c658b502f5d
A772063187
10_3390_foods12203746
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: USDA NIFA Hatch Project
  grantid: #GEO00899
GroupedDBID 53G
5VS
7X2
8FE
8FH
AADQD
AAFWJ
AAHBH
AAYXX
ADBBV
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
ATCPS
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
CITATION
GROUPED_DOAJ
HCIFZ
HYE
IAO
ITC
KQ8
M0K
M48
MODMG
M~E
OK1
OZF
PIMPY
PROAC
RIG
RPM
3V.
7QR
7T7
8FD
8FK
ABUWG
AZQEC
C1K
DWQXO
FR3
P64
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-5718fb2eea2d39dd359313b91bc45811c9ed12ddc7c98017f30a16da3dbb0e4d3
IEDL.DBID RPM
ISSN 2304-8158
IngestDate Tue Oct 22 15:12:55 EDT 2024
Tue Sep 17 21:29:32 EDT 2024
Fri Oct 25 05:57:22 EDT 2024
Thu Oct 10 21:48:28 EDT 2024
Fri Feb 02 04:39:58 EST 2024
Thu Sep 26 18:34:57 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 20
Language English
License Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c454t-5718fb2eea2d39dd359313b91bc45811c9ed12ddc7c98017f30a16da3dbb0e4d3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0001-5238-8842
OpenAccessLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10606580/
PMID 37893638
PQID 2882570742
PQPubID 2032399
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_761a35442f7c496d87639c658b502f5d
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10606580
proquest_miscellaneous_2883576948
proquest_journals_2882570742
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A772063187
crossref_primary_10_3390_foods12203746
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2023-10-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2023-10-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 10
  year: 2023
  text: 2023-10-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Foods
PublicationYear 2023
Publisher MDPI AG
MDPI
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
– name: MDPI
References Cortina (ref_42) 1993; 78
Etikan (ref_33) 2016; 5
ref_58
ref_57
Alkire (ref_22) 2013; 52
Streiner (ref_44) 2003; 80
ref_11
Avolio (ref_14) 2007; 62
ref_55
ref_10
Leung (ref_35) 2011; 37
ref_54
Saris (ref_53) 2003; 10
Cheetham (ref_13) 1996; 20
ref_19
Childers (ref_46) 1986; 23
ref_16
ref_59
Hu (ref_51) 1998; 3
Lamm (ref_34) 2020; 61
Cash (ref_5) 2006; 11
Tendall (ref_4) 2015; 6
Herens (ref_21) 2022; 32
Schmitt (ref_43) 1996; 8
Kaiser (ref_49) 1960; 20
McDonald (ref_52) 2002; 7
ref_25
ref_20
Hayton (ref_50) 2004; 7
ref_28
ref_27
ref_26
DeYoung (ref_56) 2007; 93
Lamm (ref_29) 2020; 27
Clark (ref_30) 1995; 7
ref_36
ref_32
ref_31
Peng (ref_2) 2022; 12
Nuijten (ref_18) 2011; 26
ref_38
Ericksen (ref_3) 2008; 18
Ferguson (ref_39) 1993; 1
Fabrigar (ref_40) 1999; 4
Podsakoff (ref_45) 1984; 34
Fleishman (ref_15) 1991; 2
ref_47
Baruch (ref_37) 2008; 61
Lamm (ref_24) 2015; 56
ref_41
ref_1
ref_9
Podsakoff (ref_17) 1990; 1
ref_8
Dziuban (ref_48) 1974; 81
Loboguerrero (ref_23) 2020; 26
ref_7
Winterton (ref_12) 2005; 8
ref_6
References_xml – volume: 32
  start-page: 100592
  year: 2022
  ident: ref_21
  article-title: Transforming food systems: Multi-stakeholder platforms driven by consumer concerns and public demands
  publication-title: Glob. Food Secur.
  doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100592
  contributor:
    fullname: Herens
– ident: ref_9
– volume: 26
  start-page: 100432
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_23
  article-title: Perspective article: Actions to reconfigure food systems
  publication-title: Glob. Food Sec.
  doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100432
  contributor:
    fullname: Loboguerrero
– ident: ref_32
– ident: ref_57
  doi: 10.3390/foods12112208
– ident: ref_55
  doi: 10.4324/9781410617095
– ident: ref_16
– volume: 8
  start-page: 27
  year: 2005
  ident: ref_12
  article-title: What is competence?
  publication-title: Hum. Resour. Dev. Int.
  doi: 10.1080/1367886042000338227
  contributor:
    fullname: Winterton
– volume: 8
  start-page: 350
  year: 1996
  ident: ref_43
  article-title: Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha
  publication-title: Psychol. Assess
  doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.350
  contributor:
    fullname: Schmitt
– volume: 20
  start-page: 141
  year: 1960
  ident: ref_49
  article-title: The application of electronic computers to factor analysis
  publication-title: Educ. Psychol. Meas.
  doi: 10.1177/001316446002000116
  contributor:
    fullname: Kaiser
– volume: 56
  start-page: 146
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_24
  article-title: Bridging water issue knowledge gaps between the general public and opinion leaders
  publication-title: J. Agric. Educ.
  doi: 10.5032/jae.2015.03146
  contributor:
    fullname: Lamm
– volume: 23
  start-page: 184
  year: 1986
  ident: ref_46
  article-title: Assessment of the psychometric properties of an opinion leadership scale
  publication-title: J. Mark. Res.
  doi: 10.1177/002224378602300211
  contributor:
    fullname: Childers
– ident: ref_8
– ident: ref_31
– volume: 78
  start-page: 98
  year: 1993
  ident: ref_42
  article-title: What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications
  publication-title: J. Appl. Psychol.
  doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
  contributor:
    fullname: Cortina
– volume: 26
  start-page: 249
  year: 2011
  ident: ref_18
  article-title: The servant leadership survey: Development and validation of a multidimensional measure
  publication-title: J. Bus. Psychol.
  doi: 10.1007/s10869-010-9194-1
  contributor:
    fullname: Nuijten
– volume: 7
  start-page: 309
  year: 1995
  ident: ref_30
  article-title: Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development
  publication-title: Psychol. Assess.
  doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309
  contributor:
    fullname: Clark
– ident: ref_27
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1139
  year: 2008
  ident: ref_37
  article-title: Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research
  publication-title: Hum. Relat.
  doi: 10.1177/0018726708094863
  contributor:
    fullname: Baruch
– ident: ref_10
– volume: 61
  start-page: 128
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_34
  article-title: Adult agriculture and natural resource leadership development program participant characteristics: An evaluation of 28 programs
  publication-title: J. Agric. Educ.
  doi: 10.5032/jae.2020.02128
  contributor:
    fullname: Lamm
– volume: 7
  start-page: 191
  year: 2004
  ident: ref_50
  article-title: Factor retention decisions in exploratory factor analysis: A tutorial on parallel analysis
  publication-title: Organ. Res. Methods
  doi: 10.1177/1094428104263675
  contributor:
    fullname: Hayton
– ident: ref_41
– volume: 10
  start-page: 193
  year: 2003
  ident: ref_53
  article-title: Different explanations for correlated disturbance terms in MTMM studies
  publication-title: Struct. Equ. Model.
  doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM1002_2
  contributor:
    fullname: Saris
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_33
  article-title: Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling
  publication-title: Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat.
  doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
  contributor:
    fullname: Etikan
– ident: ref_38
– volume: 6
  start-page: 17
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_4
  article-title: Food system resilience: Defining the concept
  publication-title: Glob. Food Secur.
  doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2015.08.001
  contributor:
    fullname: Tendall
– volume: 34
  start-page: 21
  year: 1984
  ident: ref_45
  article-title: Situational moderators of leader reward and punishment behaviors: Fact or fiction?
  publication-title: Organ. Behav. Hum. Perform.
  doi: 10.1016/0030-5073(84)90036-9
  contributor:
    fullname: Podsakoff
– volume: 1
  start-page: 84
  year: 1993
  ident: ref_39
  article-title: Exploratory factor analysis: A users’ guide
  publication-title: Int. J. Sel. Assess.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2389.1993.tb00092.x
  contributor:
    fullname: Ferguson
– ident: ref_20
– ident: ref_59
– volume: 3
  start-page: 424
  year: 1998
  ident: ref_51
  article-title: Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification
  publication-title: Psychol. Methods
  doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424
  contributor:
    fullname: Hu
– volume: 18
  start-page: 234
  year: 2008
  ident: ref_3
  article-title: Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Chang.
  doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.09.002
  contributor:
    fullname: Ericksen
– ident: ref_7
– ident: ref_28
– volume: 12
  start-page: 20984
  year: 2022
  ident: ref_2
  article-title: Construction of rice supply chain supervision model driven by blockchain smart contract
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25559-7
  contributor:
    fullname: Peng
– ident: ref_47
– ident: ref_11
– volume: 62
  start-page: 25
  year: 2007
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: Promoting more integrative strategies for leadership theory-building
  publication-title: Am. Psychol.
  doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.1.25
  contributor:
    fullname: Avolio
– volume: 80
  start-page: 99
  year: 2003
  ident: ref_44
  article-title: Starting at the beginning: An introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency
  publication-title: J. Personal. Assess.
  doi: 10.1207/S15327752JPA8001_18
  contributor:
    fullname: Streiner
– volume: 1
  start-page: 107
  year: 1990
  ident: ref_17
  article-title: Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors
  publication-title: Leadersh. Q.
  doi: 10.1016/1048-9843(90)90009-7
  contributor:
    fullname: Podsakoff
– volume: 81
  start-page: 358
  year: 1974
  ident: ref_48
  article-title: When is a correlation matrix appropriate for factor analysis? Some decision rules
  publication-title: Psychol. Bull.
  doi: 10.1037/h0036316
  contributor:
    fullname: Dziuban
– volume: 4
  start-page: 272
  year: 1999
  ident: ref_40
  article-title: Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research
  publication-title: Psychol. Methods
  doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.272
  contributor:
    fullname: Fabrigar
– volume: 11
  start-page: 8
  year: 2006
  ident: ref_5
  article-title: Scale and cross-scale dynamics: Governance and information in a multilevel world
  publication-title: Ecol. Soc.
  doi: 10.5751/ES-01759-110208
  contributor:
    fullname: Cash
– volume: 93
  start-page: 880
  year: 2007
  ident: ref_56
  article-title: Between facets and domains: 10 aspects of the big five
  publication-title: J. Personal. Soc. Psychol.
  doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.5.880
  contributor:
    fullname: DeYoung
– ident: ref_54
– volume: 7
  start-page: 64
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_52
  article-title: Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses
  publication-title: Psychol. Methods
  doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.64
  contributor:
    fullname: McDonald
– volume: 2
  start-page: 245
  year: 1991
  ident: ref_15
  article-title: Taxonomic efforts in the description of leader behavior: A synthesis and functional interpretation
  publication-title: Leadersh. Q.
  doi: 10.1016/1048-9843(91)90016-U
  contributor:
    fullname: Fleishman
– volume: 52
  start-page: 71
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_22
  article-title: The women’s empowerment in agriculture index
  publication-title: World Dev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.06.007
  contributor:
    fullname: Alkire
– volume: 37
  start-page: 412
  year: 2011
  ident: ref_35
  article-title: A comparison of psychometric properties and normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point likert scales
  publication-title: J. Soc. Serv. Res.
  doi: 10.1080/01488376.2011.580697
  contributor:
    fullname: Leung
– volume: 27
  start-page: 24
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_29
  article-title: Scale development and validation: Methodology and recommendations
  publication-title: J. Int. Agric. Ext. Educ.
  contributor:
    fullname: Lamm
– volume: 20
  start-page: 20
  year: 1996
  ident: ref_13
  article-title: Towards a holistic model of professional competence
  publication-title: J. Eur. Ind. Train.
  doi: 10.1108/03090599610119692
  contributor:
    fullname: Cheetham
– ident: ref_36
– ident: ref_19
– ident: ref_58
  doi: 10.3390/foods12183433
– ident: ref_25
  doi: 10.3390/foods12010012
– ident: ref_26
  doi: 10.3390/foods12132598
– ident: ref_1
  doi: 10.3390/foods12163026
– ident: ref_6
  doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02546-7
SSID ssj0000913832
Score 2.287202
Snippet The food system represents a complex, interrelated, and interdependent network of individuals and organizations. Despite the unique characteristics of the food...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
StartPage 3746
SubjectTerms Agriculture
Capacity development
Data collection
Data entry
Empirical analysis
Empowerment
Food
food system professionals
Food systems
innovative agricultural practices
Leadership
leadership capacity
Professional development
Questionnaires
Servant leadership
Social networks
Taxonomy
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LS8QwEB7EkxfxifVFBNFTMc_txpuvRUS8qOAtNC9ckK7o-v-dpN1lqwcvXpumTGeSfPM10y8Ax1HXWjrly2iRm0htbamdp6WLkdY2IMjbXCD7MLh9lncv6mXhqK9UE9bKA7eOO0OaXQslJY-Vk3rgk4KadoibVlEelc-rL9ULZCqvwZoh9eKtqKZAXn8WJxP_yThPeiuDHghlrf7fK_LPKskF2BmtwWqXL5KL1s51WArNBhTX4zAlJ6QT9XwjDzNN_U24b7dxEZHI_bxMmVwhJjpMuMm4IZjykRHaSVq18nOCQ4XkU_gWezzic8MWPI9unq5uy-7IhNJJJaelQqhBr4dQcy-090JpwYTVzGL7kDGng2fce1c5jdhURUFrNvC18NbSIL3YhuVm0oQdIFFZhx15cJWXAlGrCtxR6oPTFQtWFXAy86F5b5UxDDKK5GzTc3YBl8nD85uSoHW-gGE2XZjNX2Eu4DTFx6Rph9Fwdff3ANqaBKzMBbIEzLbYsCpgfxZC083HT8ORSKgqfQco4GjejDMpbY_UTZh85XsEsi8thwUMe6Hvmd5vacavWZMbmXVK5ujuf7zsHqykU-3bmsF9WJ5-fIUDzH2m9jAP829TYgLF
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwEB7B9gKHCgqI0IKMhMopavyK11zQtnRVoWqFgEq9WfGrrISSsrv9_4wT79KAxDW2E8sz4_nGnnwD8C7qRgsnfRktxiZCW1tq56vSxVg1NqCTt32C7KK-uBKfr-V1PnBb57TK7Z7Yb9S-c-mM_IQhFJQqRXIfb3-VqWpUul3NJTQewh7DSIFNYO_0fPHl6-6UJbFeos4O5Joc4_uT2HV-TRlLvCv1yBn1nP3_7sx_Z0vecz_zJ7CfcSOZDYJ-Cg9CewCPZzerzJ0RDqD4tAwbckwy1edPstgy7T-Dy-FyF_0UudwlL5Mz9JQOYThZtgSBIJnjrMnAYf6BoAKRvjbf_RHf8L3hOVzNz7-fXZS5kELphBSbUqIDQlmE0DDPtfdcak651dRi-5RSp4OnzHunnEaPpSKvGlr7hntrqyA8fwGTtmvDSyBRWocDWXDKC46-TAXmqsoHpxUNVhZwvF1RczvwZRiMM9LSm9HSF3Ca1nvXKdFc9w-61Y3JVmNUTRsuhWBROaFrn-jztEPQZGXFovQFvE_SMskYUTauyf8U4FwTrZWZYeyAGIxOVQFHW4GabKVr80enCni7a0b7SpcmTRu6u74Px5hMi2kB05EijKY-bmmXP3qmboy3E8SrXv3_64fwKFWxH3IEj2CyWd2F14h1NvZNVujfK9wBiA
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
– databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access
  dbid: M48
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1LT9wwEB5RuLQH1NJWDY_KlRA9pY1f8RoJoS10hRDi0q7EzYpfdCWUlGWR2n_fcZLdkoJ6jePEmhl7vi-efAbYj7rSwkmfR4vcRGhrc-18kbsYi8oGTPK2LZC9LM-m4vxKXv2VFOoNePcktUvnSU3nN59-3f4-xgl_lBgnUvbPsWn8HWUsSamUz2CDJU2uVMXXI_12UdYUuRjrVDYf9xpkpVa8__ES_W_Z5IM8NHkJmz2AJOPO469gLdRb8GJ8Pe9FNMIWZKezsCAHpNf8vCGXS8n913DR7fJiwiIXqypmcoIp0yEeJ7OaICIkExw16cTMDwlGEmkP6XvY4xs-N7yB6eTr95OzvD9RIXdCikUuMROhU0KomOfaey41p9xqarF9RKnTwVPmvVNOY-pSkRcVLX3FvbVFEJ6_hfW6qcM7IFFahx1ZcMoLjklNBeaKwgenFQ1WZnCwtKj52QlnGCQcyfRmYPoMviR7r25KetfthWZ-bfrpY1RJKy6FYFE5oUufdPS0Q_RkZcGi9Bl8TN4yKU7QN67qfy7AsSZ9KzNGEoFgjI5UBrtLh5pltBmGPEOq9Jkggw-rZpxoafekqkNz397DkZxpMcpgNAiEwdCHLfXsRyvZjcQ7Yb1i-_9v34Hn6Tj7rlhwF9YX8_uwh6BnYd-34fwHuTEDOw
  priority: 102
  providerName: Scholars Portal
Title Assessing Leadership Capacity in the Food System: The Issue Leadership Scale
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2882570742
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2883576948
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10606580
https://doaj.org/article/761a35442f7c496d87639c658b502f5d
Volume 12
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwEB4BvfRS9ammhZUrVfQUNn7FMTfYskIVrFBbJG5W_Ei7EiQIlv_fsZOsdttbLznEcWTNjPPN54w_A3xudK2Fkz5vLHIToa3NtfNF7pqmqG1AkLepQHZRnl-LbzfyZgfKcS9MKtp3dnnU3t4dtcvfqbby_s5Nxzqx6dXlDGlMRM5iugu7GKEbHD19fzVF2sV6QU2OnH7adJ1_pIxFrZV4ZhFXiNJl3JKygUVJsv_fD_PfxZIb6DN_CS-GtJGc9MN7BTuhfQ3Z12VYkUMyaHveksUorf8GLvq_uQhM5GJdrUxmCI0O826ybAlmfmSOQya9aPkxwYgh6TC-zR4_8L3hLVzPz37OzvPh5ITcCSlWuUTEQeOHUDPPtfdcak651dRie0Wp08FT5r1TTiNEqYYXNS19zb21RRCev4O9tmvDeyCNtA47suCUFxzBSwXmisIHpxUNVmZwONrQ3PcCGQaJRbS72bJ7BqfRwuuHoq51utE9_DKDd40qac2lEKxRTujSR7087dDXVhaskT6DL9E_Js4-9Iarh00EONaoY2VOkCxg0kUrlcH-6EIzTMtHw5BPSBWXAzL4tG7GCRX_ktRt6J7SMxxJmBZVBtWW67eGvt2CkZqkucfI_PD_XT_C83ikfV8wuA97q4encICJz8pO4Nnp2eLq-yQtHOD1UlSTFPt_AMK6CEI
link.rule.ids 230,315,730,783,787,867,888,2109,2228,21402,24332,27938,27939,33758,33759,43819,53806,53808,74638
linkProvider National Library of Medicine
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwED_B9gA8IBggMgYYCY2naPFXXPOCurGqQKkQbNLerPgjoxJKtrb7_zknbllA4jW2E8t35_udffkdwNtaV1o46fPaYmwitLW5dr7IXV0XlQ3o5G2XIDsvp-fi84W8SAduq5RWudkTu43aty6ekR8xhIJSxUjuw9V1HqtGxdvVVELjLuxGqirU6t3j0_m379tTlsh6iTrbk2tyjO-P6rb1K8pY5F0pB86o4-z_d2f-O1vylvuZPIKHCTeScS_ox3AnNHvwYHy5TNwZYQ-yj4uwJockUX3-IvMN0_4TmPWXu-inyGybvExO0FM6hOFk0RAEgmSCsyY9h_l7ggpEutp8t0f8wPeGp3A-OT07meapkELuhBTrXKIDQlmEUDHPtfdcak651dRi-4hSp4OnzHunnEaPpWpeVLT0FffWFkF4_gx2mrYJz4HU0jocyIJTXnD0ZSowVxQ-OK1osDKDw82KmqueL8NgnBGX3gyWPoPjuN7bTpHmunvQLi9NshqjSlpxKQSrlRO69JE-TzsETVYWrJY-g3dRWiYaI8rGVemfApxrpLUyY4wdEIPRkcrgYCNQk6x0Zf7oVAZvts1oX_HSpGpCe9P14RiTaTHKYDRQhMHUhy3N4mfH1I3xdoR4xf7_v_4a7k3Pvs7M7NP8ywu4Hyva9_mCB7CzXt6El4h71vZVUu7fjFEEgg
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwED9BJyF4QDBABAYYCY2nqHFsxzUvqPuoBlTVBEzamxV_jUooGW33_3NO3LKAxGtsJ9bd2b87-_I7gHdB1Ypb4fJgMDbhyphcWVfkNoSiNh5B3nQJsovq7IJ_vhSXKf9pndIqt3tit1G71sYz8nGJrqCQMZIbh5QWcX4y-3j9K48VpOJNayqncRf2JEerGsHe0eni_OvuxCUyYKL99kSbDGP9cWhbt6ZlGTlYqgEwdfz9_-7Sf2dO3oKi2SN4mHxIMu2V_hju-GYfHkyvVolHw-9DdrL0G3JIEu3nT7LYsu4_gXl_0YuYRea7RGZyjKhp0SUny4agU0hmOGvS85l_IGhMpKvTd3vEN3yvfwoXs9Pvx2d5KqqQWy74JhcIRqgX7-vSMeUcE4pRZhQ12D6h1CrvaOmclVYhesnAippWrmbOmMJzx57BqGkb_xxIEMbiwNJb6ThDXJO-tEXhvFWSeiMyONxKVF_33BkaY44oej0QfQZHUd67TpHyunvQrq50WkFaVrRmgvMySMtV5SKVnrLoQBlRlEG4DN5Hbem4MFE3tk7_F-BcI8WVnmIcgf4YncgMDrYK1WnFrvUf-8rg7a4Z11q8QKkb3950fRjGZ4pPMpgMDGEw9WFLs_zRsXZj7B3dveLF_7_-Bu6hXev5p8WXl3A_FrfvUwcPYLRZ3fhX6AJtzOtk278Bon4Itg
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Assessing+Leadership+Capacity+in+the+Food+System%3A+The+Issue+Leadership+Scale&rft.jtitle=Foods&rft.au=Lamm%2C+Kevan+W&rft.date=2023-10-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2304-8158&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3746&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Ffoods12203746&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2304-8158&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2304-8158&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2304-8158&client=summon