Characterization of volatile compounds and triacylglycerol profiles of nut oils using SPME-GC-MS and MALDI-TOF-MS
Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was employed in order to determine the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. Fur...
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Published in | European journal of lipid science and technology Vol. 111; no. 2; pp. 170 - 182 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Weinheim
WILEY-VCH Verlag
01.02.2009
WILEY‐VCH Verlag Wiley-VCH |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1438-7697 1438-9312 |
DOI | 10.1002/ejlt.200800007 |
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Abstract | Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was employed in order to determine the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. Furthermore, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used in order to assess the profiles and relative composition of the prevalent triacylglycerols (TAG) within the oils. The headspace of the majority of oil samples was dominated by high contents of acetic acid (up to 42%) and hexanal (up to 32%). As nut oils are typically gained by cold‐pressing from previously roasted nuts, characteristic pyrazine derivatives as well as degradation products of long‐chain fatty acids were detected. TAG analysis of these oils revealed a quite homogeneous composition dominated by components of the C52 and C54 group composed mainly of oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), stearic (18:0) and palmitic (16:0) acid residues representing together between 65 and 95% of the investigated nut oils. The TAG profiles showed characteristic patterns which can be used as ‘fingerprints’ of the genuine oils. Nut oils exhibiting quite similar fatty acid composition (e.g. hazelnut, pistachio and beech oil) could be clearly discriminated based on TAG showing significant differences between the oils. |
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AbstractList | Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was employed in order to determine the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. Furthermore, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used in order to assess the profiles and relative composition of the prevalent triacylglycerols (TAG) within the oils. The headspace of the majority of oil samples was dominated by high contents of acetic acid (up to 42%) and hexanal (up to 32%). As nut oils are typically gained by cold‐pressing from previously roasted nuts, characteristic pyrazine derivatives as well as degradation products of long‐chain fatty acids were detected. TAG analysis of these oils revealed a quite homogeneous composition dominated by components of the C
52
and C
54
group composed mainly of oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), stearic (18:0) and palmitic (16:0) acid residues representing together between 65 and 95% of the investigated nut oils. The TAG profiles showed characteristic patterns which can be used as ‘fingerprints’ of the genuine oils. Nut oils exhibiting quite similar fatty acid composition (
e.g.
hazelnut, pistachio and beech oil) could be clearly discriminated based on TAG showing significant differences between the oils. Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed in order to determine the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. Furthermore, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used in order to assess the profiles and relative composition of the prevalent triacylglycerols (TAG) within the oils. The headspace of the majority of oil samples was dominated by high contents of acetic acid (up to 42%) and hexanal (up to 32%). As nut oils are typically gained by cold-pressing from previously roasted nuts, characteristic pyrazine derivatives as well as degradation products of long-chain fatty acids were detected. TAG analysis of these oils revealed a quite homogeneous composition dominated by components of the C₅₂ and C₅₄ group composed mainly of oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), stearic (18:0) and palmitic (16:0) acid residues representing together between 65 and 95% of the investigated nut oils. The TAG profiles showed characteristic patterns which can be used as 'fingerprints' of the genuine oils. Nut oils exhibiting quite similar fatty acid composition (e.g. hazelnut, pistachio and beech oil) could be clearly discriminated based on TAG showing significant differences between the oils. Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was employed in order to determine the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. Furthermore, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used in order to assess the profiles and relative composition of the prevalent triacylglycerols (TAG) within the oils. The headspace of the majority of oil samples was dominated by high contents of acetic acid (up to 42%) and hexanal (up to 32%). As nut oils are typically gained by cold‐pressing from previously roasted nuts, characteristic pyrazine derivatives as well as degradation products of long‐chain fatty acids were detected. TAG analysis of these oils revealed a quite homogeneous composition dominated by components of the C52 and C54 group composed mainly of oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), stearic (18:0) and palmitic (16:0) acid residues representing together between 65 and 95% of the investigated nut oils. The TAG profiles showed characteristic patterns which can be used as ‘fingerprints’ of the genuine oils. Nut oils exhibiting quite similar fatty acid composition (e.g. hazelnut, pistachio and beech oil) could be clearly discriminated based on TAG showing significant differences between the oils. |
Author | Bail, Stefanie Unterweger, Heidrun Stuebiger, Gerald Buchbauer, Gerhard Krist, Sabine |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stefanie surname: Bail fullname: Bail, Stefanie organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 2 givenname: Gerald surname: Stuebiger fullname: Stuebiger, Gerald organization: Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 3 givenname: Heidrun surname: Unterweger fullname: Unterweger, Heidrun organization: Institute for Foodstuffs, AGES, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 4 givenname: Gerhard surname: Buchbauer fullname: Buchbauer, Gerhard organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 5 givenname: Sabine surname: Krist fullname: Krist, Sabine email: sabine.krist@univie.ac.at organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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Keywords | Volatile compound MALDI-TOF-MS Nuts Lipids Nut oils Volatiles Characterization Oils and fats industry Oil SPME-GC-MS Triacylglycerols (TAG) Triacylglycerol Mass spectrometry |
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Snippet | Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction... Several nut oil varieties mainly used as culinary and overall healthy food ingredients were subject of the present study. Headspace solid-phase microextraction... |
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SubjectTerms | acetic acid Biological and medical sciences desorption Fat industries fatty acid composition fatty acids Food industries foods Fruit and vegetable industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gas chromatography hazelnuts headspace analysis ingredients ionization lasers MALDI-TOF-MS mass spectrometry microextraction Nut oils pistachios SPME-GC-MS triacylglycerols Triacylglycerols (TAG) volatile compounds Volatiles |
Title | Characterization of volatile compounds and triacylglycerol profiles of nut oils using SPME-GC-MS and MALDI-TOF-MS |
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