Influence of irrigant needle depth in removing bioluminescent bacteria inoculated into instrumented root canals using real-time imaging in vitro
Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle. Methodology The root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown‐down technique. A suspensi...
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Published in | International endodontic journal Vol. 38; no. 2; pp. 97 - 104 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
01.02.2005
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle.
Methodology The root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown‐down technique. A suspension of the bioluminescent reporter strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL was inoculated into each canal of sterilized teeth. Emission of bioluminescence (photons s−1) from each tooth was quantified on four sequential occasions using luminometry and bioluminescence imaging: (i) background, (ii) after inoculation, (iii) after irrigating the inoculated teeth with 3 mL of a nonantimicrobial irrigant delivered either 1 mm (group 1, n = 15) or 5 mm (group 2, n = 15) from working length (WL) using a 28G safety‐ended irrigating needle, (iv) after an additional 3 mL irrigation (total 6 mL). Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon matched pairs and Mann–Whitney tests, respectively.
Results In group 1, there was a mean log10 decrease in bacteria of 0.68 ± 0.26 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 1.19 ± 0.48 after 6 mL (P < 0.001); in group 2 the mean log10 decrease was 0.58 ± 0.28 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 0.69 ± 0.35 after 6 mL (P < 0.02) (Wilcoxon matched pairs). Using 3 mL of irrigant, needle depth did not have a significant effect on reduction of intracanal bacteria (P = 0.407), but the effect became significant when 6 mL of irrigant was used (P < 0.002) (Mann–Whitney tests).
Conclusions The mechanical efficacy of 6 mL of irrigant in reducing intracanal bacteria was significantly greater when delivered 1 mm compared with 5 mm from WL. |
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AbstractList | To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle.
The root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown-down technique. A suspension of the bioluminescent reporter strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL was inoculated into each canal of sterilized teeth. Emission of bioluminescence (photons s(-1)) from each tooth was quantified on four sequential occasions using luminometry and bioluminescence imaging: (i) background, (ii) after inoculation, (iii) after irrigating the inoculated teeth with 3 mL of a nonantimicrobial irrigant delivered either 1 mm (group 1, n = 15) or 5 mm (group 2, n = 15) from working length (WL) using a 28G safety-ended irrigating needle, (iv) after an additional 3 mL irrigation (total 6 mL). Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon matched pairs and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively.
In group 1, there was a mean log10 decrease in bacteria of 0.68 +/- 0.26 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 1.19 +/- 0.48 after 6 mL (P < 0.001); in group 2 the mean log10 decrease was 0.58 +/- 0.28 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 0.69 +/- 0.35 after 6 mL (P < 0.02) (Wilcoxon matched pairs). Using 3 mL of irrigant, needle depth did not have a significant effect on reduction of intracanal bacteria (P = 0.407), but the effect became significant when 6 mL of irrigant was used (P < 0.002) (Mann-Whitney tests).
The mechanical efficacy of 6 mL of irrigant in reducing intracanal bacteria was significantly greater when delivered 1 mm compared with 5 mm from WL. Abstract Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle. Methodology The root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown‐down technique. A suspension of the bioluminescent reporter strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL was inoculated into each canal of sterilized teeth. Emission of bioluminescence (photons s −1 ) from each tooth was quantified on four sequential occasions using luminometry and bioluminescence imaging: (i) background, (ii) after inoculation, (iii) after irrigating the inoculated teeth with 3 mL of a nonantimicrobial irrigant delivered either 1 mm (group 1, n = 15) or 5 mm (group 2, n = 15) from working length (WL) using a 28G safety‐ended irrigating needle, (iv) after an additional 3 mL irrigation (total 6 mL). Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon matched pairs and Mann–Whitney tests, respectively. Results In group 1, there was a mean log 10 decrease in bacteria of 0.68 ± 0.26 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 1.19 ± 0.48 after 6 mL ( P < 0.001); in group 2 the mean log 10 decrease was 0.58 ± 0.28 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 0.69 ± 0.35 after 6 mL ( P < 0.02) (Wilcoxon matched pairs). Using 3 mL of irrigant, needle depth did not have a significant effect on reduction of intracanal bacteria ( P = 0.407), but the effect became significant when 6 mL of irrigant was used ( P < 0.002) (Mann–Whitney tests). Conclusions The mechanical efficacy of 6 mL of irrigant in reducing intracanal bacteria was significantly greater when delivered 1 mm compared with 5 mm from WL. Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle. Methodology The root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown‐down technique. A suspension of the bioluminescent reporter strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL was inoculated into each canal of sterilized teeth. Emission of bioluminescence (photons s−1) from each tooth was quantified on four sequential occasions using luminometry and bioluminescence imaging: (i) background, (ii) after inoculation, (iii) after irrigating the inoculated teeth with 3 mL of a nonantimicrobial irrigant delivered either 1 mm (group 1, n = 15) or 5 mm (group 2, n = 15) from working length (WL) using a 28G safety‐ended irrigating needle, (iv) after an additional 3 mL irrigation (total 6 mL). Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon matched pairs and Mann–Whitney tests, respectively. Results In group 1, there was a mean log10 decrease in bacteria of 0.68 ± 0.26 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 1.19 ± 0.48 after 6 mL (P < 0.001); in group 2 the mean log10 decrease was 0.58 ± 0.28 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 0.69 ± 0.35 after 6 mL (P < 0.02) (Wilcoxon matched pairs). Using 3 mL of irrigant, needle depth did not have a significant effect on reduction of intracanal bacteria (P = 0.407), but the effect became significant when 6 mL of irrigant was used (P < 0.002) (Mann–Whitney tests). Conclusions The mechanical efficacy of 6 mL of irrigant in reducing intracanal bacteria was significantly greater when delivered 1 mm compared with 5 mm from WL. AIMTo test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation needle.METHODOLOGYThe root canals of 30 permanent cuspids were instrumented to apical size 60 using a crown-down technique. A suspension of the bioluminescent reporter strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL was inoculated into each canal of sterilized teeth. Emission of bioluminescence (photons s(-1)) from each tooth was quantified on four sequential occasions using luminometry and bioluminescence imaging: (i) background, (ii) after inoculation, (iii) after irrigating the inoculated teeth with 3 mL of a nonantimicrobial irrigant delivered either 1 mm (group 1, n = 15) or 5 mm (group 2, n = 15) from working length (WL) using a 28G safety-ended irrigating needle, (iv) after an additional 3 mL irrigation (total 6 mL). Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were made using Wilcoxon matched pairs and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively.RESULTSIn group 1, there was a mean log10 decrease in bacteria of 0.68 +/- 0.26 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 1.19 +/- 0.48 after 6 mL (P < 0.001); in group 2 the mean log10 decrease was 0.58 +/- 0.28 after 3 mL of irrigant compared with 0.69 +/- 0.35 after 6 mL (P < 0.02) (Wilcoxon matched pairs). Using 3 mL of irrigant, needle depth did not have a significant effect on reduction of intracanal bacteria (P = 0.407), but the effect became significant when 6 mL of irrigant was used (P < 0.002) (Mann-Whitney tests).CONCLUSIONSThe mechanical efficacy of 6 mL of irrigant in reducing intracanal bacteria was significantly greater when delivered 1 mm compared with 5 mm from WL. |
Author | Sedgley, C. M. Hall, D. Nagel, A. C. Applegate, B. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C. M. surname: Sedgley fullname: Sedgley, C. M. organization: Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan Dental School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: A. C. surname: Nagel fullname: Nagel, A. C. organization: Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan Dental School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: D. surname: Hall fullname: Hall, D. organization: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: B. surname: Applegate fullname: Applegate, B. organization: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15667631$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Snippet | Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the... To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the irrigation... Abstract Aim To test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of... AIMTo test the hypothesis that the mechanical efficacy of irrigation in reducing bacteria in the root canal is dependent on depth of placement of the... |
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SubjectTerms | bacteria bioluminescence Colony Count, Microbial Cuspid Dental Pulp Cavity - microbiology Dentistry Humans irrigant needle depth irrigation Luminescence Luminescent Measurements Needles Pseudomonas fluorescens - isolation & purification root canal Root Canal Irrigants - administration & dosage Sodium Hypochlorite - administration & dosage Statistics, Nonparametric |
Title | Influence of irrigant needle depth in removing bioluminescent bacteria inoculated into instrumented root canals using real-time imaging in vitro |
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