Referent control and motor equivalence of reaching from standing

• Published in: Journal of neurophysiology Vol. 117; no. 1; pp. 303 - 315
• Main Authors: Tomita, Yosuke, Feldman, Anatol G., Levin, Mindy F.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Physiological Society 01.01.2017
• Series: Control of Movement
• Subjects: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Extremities - innervation; Female; Humans; Male; Movement - physiology; Posture - physiology; Psychomotor Performance - physiology; Range of Motion, Articular - physiology; Torso - innervation; Young Adult; synergy; interjoint coordination; adaptation; compensation; redundancy; motor control; arm movement

Motor actions may result from central changes in the referent body configuration, defined as the body posture at which muscles begin to be activated or deactivated. The actual body configuration deviates from the referent configuration, particularly because of body inertia and environmental forces....