Reaction of β-Nitrostyrene with Diethyl Malonate in the Presence of Bispidines: The Unusual Role of the Organocatalyst
The aim of this work was the investigation of novel organocatalysts for the Michael addition of diethyl malonate to β-nitrostyrene. The methodology of the study included NMR titration, reaction monitoring by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), product characteriz...
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Published in | Chemistry an international journal Vol. 6; no. 3; pp. 387 - 406 |
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Language | English |
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Abstract | The aim of this work was the investigation of novel organocatalysts for the Michael addition of diethyl malonate to β-nitrostyrene. The methodology of the study included NMR titration, reaction monitoring by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), product characterization by MALDI, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis. As a result, evidence of supramolecular interactions between two pairs of components of the reaction was found. In addition to the supramolecular complexes, an unusual reaction, i.e., the Michael addition of NH-bispidines to β-nitrostyrene, was found, which led to previously unknown oligomers of β-nitrostyrene. A new mechanism for the catalytic action of NH-bispidine was proposed, which involved catalysis not by the initial organocatalyst but rather by its adduct with β-nitrostyrene. Thus, in this reaction, N-benzylbispidine acted as an initiator, and the real catalyst was the betaine formed during the initiation stage. |
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AbstractList | The aim of this work was the investigation of novel organocatalysts for the Michael addition of diethyl malonate to β-nitrostyrene. The methodology of the study included NMR titration, reaction monitoring by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), product characterization by MALDI, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis. As a result, evidence of supramolecular interactions between two pairs of components of the reaction was found. In addition to the supramolecular complexes, an unusual reaction, i.e., the Michael addition of NH-bispidines to β-nitrostyrene, was found, which led to previously unknown oligomers of β-nitrostyrene. A new mechanism for the catalytic action of NH-bispidine was proposed, which involved catalysis not by the initial organocatalyst but rather by its adduct with β-nitrostyrene. Thus, in this reaction, N-benzylbispidine acted as an initiator, and the real catalyst was the betaine formed during the initiation stage. |
Author | Mamedova, Sabina F. Vatsadze, Sergey Z. Dalinger, Alexander I. Burykina, Julia V. Pentsak, Evgeniy O. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Alexander I. orcidid: 0000-0002-6568-3186 surname: Dalinger fullname: Dalinger, Alexander I. – sequence: 2 givenname: Sabina F. surname: Mamedova fullname: Mamedova, Sabina F. – sequence: 3 givenname: Julia V. orcidid: 0000-0001-6286-1699 surname: Burykina fullname: Burykina, Julia V. – sequence: 4 givenname: Evgeniy O. orcidid: 0000-0001-9040-0013 surname: Pentsak fullname: Pentsak, Evgeniy O. – sequence: 5 givenname: Sergey Z. orcidid: 0000-0001-7884-8579 surname: Vatsadze fullname: Vatsadze, Sergey Z. |
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SubjectTerms | Aluminum bispidines Calibration Catalysis Chemical analysis Chromatography Infrared spectroscopy Mass spectrometry Michael addition monoterpenoids Nitrogen nitroolefins NMR spectroscopy Software Thermal analysis Thermogravimetric analysis Titration β-nitrostyrene |
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Title | Reaction of β-Nitrostyrene with Diethyl Malonate in the Presence of Bispidines: The Unusual Role of the Organocatalyst |
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