Race Differences in Characteristics and Experiences of Black and White Caregivers of Older Americans
Racial disparities in health and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults have implications for the experiences of their family and unpaid caregivers, but knowledge to date has primarily drawn from convenience samples. Using a population-based sample, we examine associations between caregiver r...
Saved in:
Published in | The Gerontologist Vol. 60; no. 7; p. 1244 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
01.10.2020
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get more information |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Racial disparities in health and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults have implications for the experiences of their family and unpaid caregivers, but knowledge to date has primarily drawn from convenience samples. Using a population-based sample, we examine associations between caregiver race and caregiving-related effects.
Study participants include white (n = 992) and black (n = 556) respondents to the 2015 National Study of Caregiving who assisted community-dwelling older adults with disabilities who participated in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Guided by Pearlin's Stress Process Model, hierarchical logistic regression models were constructed to examine race differences in caregiving-related effects after adjusting for caregiving context, stressors, and resources.
Relative to white caregivers, blacks more often provided in excess of 40 hr of care per week (54.3% vs 38.6%) and more often cared for an older adult with dementia (27.1% vs 20.7%) who was living below the federal poverty line (31.7% vs 11.9%) or was Medicaid-eligible (42.2% vs 11.8%). Black caregivers more often used supportive services (32.9% vs 24.8%). In fully adjusted regression models, black caregivers were more likely to report gains and less likely to report emotional difficulty than whites. Service utilization did not attenuate caregiving-related emotional difficulty or participation restrictions, regardless of race.
Findings highlight caregiving disparities and counterintuitive differences in experiences and indicate the importance of identifying supports such as paid family leave and faith and community-based programming to better support community-dwelling low-income older adults and their family and unpaid caregivers. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Racial disparities in health and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults have implications for the experiences of their family and unpaid caregivers, but knowledge to date has primarily drawn from convenience samples. Using a population-based sample, we examine associations between caregiver race and caregiving-related effects.
Study participants include white (n = 992) and black (n = 556) respondents to the 2015 National Study of Caregiving who assisted community-dwelling older adults with disabilities who participated in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Guided by Pearlin's Stress Process Model, hierarchical logistic regression models were constructed to examine race differences in caregiving-related effects after adjusting for caregiving context, stressors, and resources.
Relative to white caregivers, blacks more often provided in excess of 40 hr of care per week (54.3% vs 38.6%) and more often cared for an older adult with dementia (27.1% vs 20.7%) who was living below the federal poverty line (31.7% vs 11.9%) or was Medicaid-eligible (42.2% vs 11.8%). Black caregivers more often used supportive services (32.9% vs 24.8%). In fully adjusted regression models, black caregivers were more likely to report gains and less likely to report emotional difficulty than whites. Service utilization did not attenuate caregiving-related emotional difficulty or participation restrictions, regardless of race.
Findings highlight caregiving disparities and counterintuitive differences in experiences and indicate the importance of identifying supports such as paid family leave and faith and community-based programming to better support community-dwelling low-income older adults and their family and unpaid caregivers. |
Author | Fabius, Chanee D Kasper, Judith D Wolff, Jennifer L |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Chanee D surname: Fabius fullname: Fabius, Chanee D organization: Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 2 givenname: Jennifer L surname: Wolff fullname: Wolff, Jennifer L organization: Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 3 givenname: Judith D surname: Kasper fullname: Kasper, Judith D organization: Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32400881$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNo1T0tLAzEYDKLYh149Sv7A2rzWZI91rQ8oFETxWL5NvmyjbVqSVeq_d2n1NAzzYGZETuM2IiFXnN1wVslJi2kbu0kbAZgSJ2TIdWmKUio-IKOcPxhjXAh9TgZSKMaM4UPiXsAivQ_eY8JoMdMQab2CBLbDFHIXbKYQHZ3tdz0_Wrae3q3Bfh6E91XokNaQsA3fmA7qYu0w0emmT1iI-YKceVhnvPzDMXl7mL3WT8V88fhcT-eFVaXoCiHNbYngDOvneZRSOFXqfrQRutJCeaY9K8EJ13jAxlQoeKO5VI0F7ysmxuT62Lv7ajbolrsUNpB-lv93xS9kVVid |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1177_07334648221100227 crossref_primary_10_1177_23337214231152002 crossref_primary_10_1002_alz_12328 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcop_23107 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_17981 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_18311 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnae052 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12529_023_10246_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11606_021_06766_w crossref_primary_10_1080_07317115_2022_2099776 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnad044 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_17345 crossref_primary_10_1177_07334648221128286 crossref_primary_10_1093_geronb_gbab205 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jamda_2021_12_018 crossref_primary_10_1080_13607863_2024_2313729 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jamda_2023_04_018 crossref_primary_10_1111_1468_0009_12664 crossref_primary_10_1093_abm_kaab007 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnhum_2022_924845 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00520_022_07367_x crossref_primary_10_1177_10748407221102465 crossref_primary_10_1080_13607863_2022_2048358 crossref_primary_10_1080_08959420_2021_1927613 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jamda_2023_07_017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jval_2022_06_014 crossref_primary_10_3928_00989134_20230512_03 crossref_primary_10_1002_alz_13437 crossref_primary_10_1093_geronb_gbab237 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2024_02_007 crossref_primary_10_1080_08959420_2022_2051683 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2024_1401255 crossref_primary_10_1111_1468_0009_12567 crossref_primary_10_1093_geronb_gbac072 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnad103 crossref_primary_10_1097_NAQ_0000000000000506 crossref_primary_10_1177_0733464821992920 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamainternmed_2023_5490 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41347_023_00366_7 crossref_primary_10_1177_08982643231209089 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnab087 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_17636 crossref_primary_10_1177_08982643241255739 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ekir_2022_11_002 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2022_977846 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gerinurse_2024_05_013 crossref_primary_10_1093_geroni_igab037 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40615_024_01985_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_pon_5680 crossref_primary_10_1089_lgbt_2023_0226 crossref_primary_10_1002_alz_13809 crossref_primary_10_1177_00914150231208680 crossref_primary_10_1080_01634372_2021_1942375 crossref_primary_10_1177_07334648221120247 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11606_022_07430_7 crossref_primary_10_1002_alz_12638 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2021_734382 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnab156 crossref_primary_10_1097_NJH_0000000000001038 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnaa185 crossref_primary_10_1093_geront_gnac120 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_18415 crossref_primary_10_1002_alz_13016 crossref_primary_10_1177_08982643231201547 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13311_023_01408_x crossref_primary_10_1093_geronb_gbac146 crossref_primary_10_3928_00989134_20220209_01 crossref_primary_10_1093_geronb_gbac067 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. |
Copyright_xml | – notice: The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. |
DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM |
DOI | 10.1093/geront/gnaa042 |
DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine Social Welfare & Social Work |
EISSN | 1758-5341 |
ExternalDocumentID | 32400881 |
Genre | Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
GeographicLocations | United States |
GeographicLocations_xml | – name: United States |
GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NIA NIH HHS grantid: P30 AG066587 – fundername: NIA NIH HHS grantid: U01 AG032947 |
GroupedDBID | --- -DZ -ET ..I .2P .I3 .ZR 08P 0R~ 18M 1HT 1TH 29H 2FS 4.4 48X 5GY 5RE 5VS 5WD 70D 7K8 85S AABZA AACZT AAIKC AAIMJ AAJKP AAMDB AAMNW AAMVS AAOGV AAPNW AAPQZ AAPXW AARHZ AAUAY AAUQX AAVAP AAVLN AAWTL ABEHJ ABEUO ABIVO ABIXL ABKDP ABMNT ABNHQ ABNKS ABPBX ABPPZ ABPTD ABQBX ABQLI ABWST ABXVV ABZBJ ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACHQT ACKOT ACNCT ACUFI ACUTJ ACUTO ADBBV ADEYI ADGKP ADGZP ADHKW ADHZD ADIPN ADJQC ADOCK ADQBN ADRIX ADRTK ADUKH ADVEK ADYKR ADYVW ADZXQ AEGPL AEGXH AEJOX AEKSI AELWJ AEMDU AENZO AEPUE AETBJ AEWNT AFFZL AFGWE AFIYH AFOFC AFXEN AGHSJ AGINJ AGKEF AGQXC AGSYK AHMBA AHXPO AIAGR AIJHB AJEEA AKWXX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALUQC APIBT APWMN ARIXL ATGXG AXUDD AYOIW B-7 BAYMD BCRHZ BEYMZ BHONS BKOMP BQDIO BR6 BSWAC BTRTY BVRKM BZKTN C45 CDBKE CGR CQJDY CUY CVF CWPEY CZ4 DAKXR DILTD DQ5 DU5 D~K EBS ECM EE~ EIF EMOBN F5P F9B FHSFR FLUFQ FOEOM FOTVD FQBLK GAUVT GJXCC H13 H5~ HAR HW0 HZ~ IOX J21 JXSIZ KAQDR KBUDW KOO KOP KSI KSN M-Z M49 N9A NGC NHB NLBLG NOMLY NOYVH NPM NU- O9- OAWHX OBOKY OCZFY ODMLO OJQWA OJZSN OPAEJ OVD OWPYF P2P PAFKI PEELM PQQKQ Q1. Q5Y RD5 RGE ROX ROZ RUSNO RW1 RWL RXO RXW SJN TAE TEORI TJX TLC TN5 TWZ UHB UKR UPT VQA WH7 X7H XSW XZL YAYTL YCJ YKOAZ YKV YROCO YXANX YZZ ZCA ~91 |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-23865ead80240fe332d4570018279724f07f05ad2dbfaeb89e21b7134bcaff902 |
IngestDate | Wed Oct 16 00:42:50 EDT 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 7 |
Keywords | Long-term services and supports Minorities Racial disparities Health disparities |
Language | English |
License | The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. |
LinkModel | OpenURL |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c452t-23865ead80240fe332d4570018279724f07f05ad2dbfaeb89e21b7134bcaff902 |
OpenAccessLink | https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article-pdf/60/7/1244/33749136/gnaa042.pdf |
PMID | 32400881 |
ParticipantIDs | pubmed_primary_32400881 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2020-10-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2020-10-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2020 text: 2020-10-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationPlace | United States |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
PublicationTitle | The Gerontologist |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Gerontologist |
PublicationYear | 2020 |
SSID | ssj0001227 |
Score | 2.6072266 |
Snippet | Racial disparities in health and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults have implications for the experiences of their family and unpaid caregivers, but... |
SourceID | pubmed |
SourceType | Index Database |
StartPage | 1244 |
SubjectTerms | Aged Caregivers Disabled Persons Humans Independent Living Race Factors United States |
Title | Race Differences in Characteristics and Experiences of Black and White Caregivers of Older Americans |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32400881 |
Volume | 60 |
hasFullText | |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1JS8UwEA4uIO8i7rvkIF6k2qataY_igigqiKI3SdpERO0TfV789c5M0oWH4nIpJUNLX-frvJnJzDeMbeQ6NyrPbADetAoSYaNAC6MCoyVyQYeFDLHf-ex89_g6OblNb9vtAuouGejt4uPLvpL_aBXWQK_YJfsHzTY3hQU4B_3CETQMx1_p-FLBV3ngR5y40iraPx9mYG75jKlwg5J2JKDxeNSDdE_1GSi9wLndzU7OW9d7JUwZojxoO4cclaN-ePdkBaoypq0jvuk_Od7Huoxmq8k2nypkKW9bQ_xFPgUB8WZdzAb_IM5sQtQRpLGjsKrtqpsT4PEjO0YSXYovrbdjtrqn34EnlVKh497qKPPlmbSJRIJgIaOfpUN82rVolI3KDG3iOeZ3enVWTsiG2jPecY-y4x-kxybqi4eCEHJGrqbYpI8i-J6DxDQbMdUMmzjzdRIzbNV1XfMb82RBuXyT1wv918dZViJweAc4_KHiQ8DhgA_eAQ7vW07AIQEBh7fAQSkBhzfAmWPXR4dX-8eBH7cRFEkqBoHA8a9gWDKkvbMmjkWZ4PQDiEBlLkViQ2nDVJWi1FYZneVGRBpbkXWhrM1DMc_Gqn5lFhmPdksJkUBaRDpOUh3rOJMSbmyTvMiTolhiC-713b04TpW7-sUufytZYb0We6ts3MJHbNbAIxzodVLiJxE0YvA |
link.rule.ids | 786 |
linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Race+Differences+in+Characteristics+and+Experiences+of+Black+and+White+Caregivers+of+Older+Americans&rft.jtitle=The+Gerontologist&rft.au=Fabius%2C+Chanee+D&rft.au=Wolff%2C+Jennifer+L&rft.au=Kasper%2C+Judith+D&rft.date=2020-10-01&rft.eissn=1758-5341&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1244&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgeront%2Fgnaa042&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32400881&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32400881&rft.externalDocID=32400881 |