Changes in serum thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations in epileptic dogs receiving phenobarbital for one year
A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in epileptic dogs. Serum T4 concentrations were determined for 22 epileptic dogs prior to initiation of phenobarbital therapy (time...
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Published in | Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Vol. 23; no. 4; pp. 243 - 249 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
04.08.2000
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Abstract | A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in epileptic dogs. Serum T4 concentrations were determined for 22 epileptic dogs prior to initiation of phenobarbital therapy (time 0), and 3 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the start of phenobarbital. Median T4 concentration was significantly lower at 3 weeks and 6 months compared to time 0. Thirty‐two percent of dogs had T4 concentrations below the reference range at 6 and 12 months. Nineteen of the 22 dogs had serum TSH concentrations determined at all sampling times. A significant upward trend in median TSH concentration was found. No associations were found between T4 concentration, dose of phenobarbital, or serum phenobarbital concentration. No signs of overt hypothyroidism were evident in dogs with low T4, with one exception. TSH stimulation tests were performed on six of seven dogs with low T4 concentrations at 12 months, and all but one had normal responses.
In conclusion, phenobarbital therapy decreased serum T4 concentration but did not appear to cause clinical signs of hypothyroidism. Serum TSH concentrations and TSH stimulation tests suggest that the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid axis is functioning appropriately. |
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AbstractList | A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in epileptic dogs. Serum T4 concentrations were determined for 22 epileptic dogs prior to initiation of phenobarbital therapy (time 0), and 3 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the start of phenobarbital. Median T4 concentration was significantly lower at 3 weeks and 6 months compared to time 0. Thirty-two percent of dogs had T4 concentrations below the reference range at 6 and 12 months. Nineteen of the 22 dogs had serum TSH concentrations determined at all sampling times. A significant upward trend in median TSH concentration was found. No associations were found between T4 concentration, dose of phenobarbital, or serum phenobarbital concentration. No signs of overt hypothyroidism were evident in dogs with low T4, with one exception. TSH stimulation tests were performed on six of seven dogs with low T4 concentrations at 12 months, and all but one had normal responses. In conclusion, phenobarbital therapy decreased serum T4 concentration but did not appear to cause clinical signs of hypothyroidism. Serum TSH concentrations and TSH stimulation tests suggest that the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is functioning appropriately. A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in epileptic dogs. Serum T4 concentrations were determined for 22 epileptic dogs prior to initiation of phenobarbital therapy (time 0), and 3 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the start of phenobarbital. Median T4 concentration was significantly lower at 3 weeks and 6 months compared to time 0. Thirty‐two percent of dogs had T4 concentrations below the reference range at 6 and 12 months. Nineteen of the 22 dogs had serum TSH concentrations determined at all sampling times. A significant upward trend in median TSH concentration was found. No associations were found between T4 concentration, dose of phenobarbital, or serum phenobarbital concentration. No signs of overt hypothyroidism were evident in dogs with low T4, with one exception. TSH stimulation tests were performed on six of seven dogs with low T4 concentrations at 12 months, and all but one had normal responses. In conclusion, phenobarbital therapy decreased serum T4 concentration but did not appear to cause clinical signs of hypothyroidism. Serum TSH concentrations and TSH stimulation tests suggest that the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid axis is functioning appropriately. |
Author | GASKILL, C.L. GELENS, H.C.J. MILLER, J.B. CRIBB, A.E. BURTON, S.A. SHAW, D.H. IHLE, S.L. BRIMACOMBE, M.B. |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/0041-008X(89)90004-5 10.1016/0531-5565(88)90002-2 10.2460/javma.1996.209.10.1730 10.1016/S0195-5616(98)82011-1 10.2460/javma.1999.214.12.1804 10.1210/edrv-12-2-135 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90030-I 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02230.x 10.1016/S0195-5616(88)50131-6 10.1016/S0195-5616(96)50105-1 10.1016/S0195-5616(94)50051-2 10.1111/j.1939-165X.1999.tb01037.x 10.1016/S0195-5616(88)50058-X 10.1210/jcem-67-4-682 10.2460/javma.1999.215.04.489 10.1006/taap.1994.1174 10.1007/BF00315221 |
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References_xml | – volume: 33 start-page: 55 year: 1981 end-page: 74 article-title: The effects of drugs on the distribution and metabolism of thyroid hormones publication-title: Pharmacological Reviews – volume: 67 start-page: 682 year: 1988 end-page: 688 article-title: Drug and fatty acid effects on serum thyroid hormone binding publication-title: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism – volume: 24 start-page: 431 year: 1994 end-page: 463 article-title: Thyroid hormone metabolism: a comparative evaluation publication-title: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice – volume: 14 start-page: 157 year: 2000 end-page: 164 article-title: Effects of long‐term phenobarbital treatment on the thyroid and adrenal axis and adrenal function tests in dogs publication-title: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine – start-page: 565 year: 1998 end-page: 568 – volume: 111 start-page: 263 year: 1991 end-page: 278 article-title: Comparison of the effects of propylthiouracil, amiodarone, diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, and 3‐methylcholanthrene on hepatic and renal T4 metabolsm and thyroid gland function in rats publication-title: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology – start-page: 1487 year: 1995 end-page: 1501 – volume: 99 start-page: 216 year: 1989 end-page: 228 article-title: The effect of phenobarbital on the metabolism and excretion of thyroxine in rats publication-title: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology – volume: 12 start-page: 135 year: 1991 end-page: 150 article-title: The effect of hepatic enzyme‐inducing drugs on thyroid hormones and the thyroid gland publication-title: Endocrine Reviews – volume: 273 start-page: 977 year: 1995 end-page: 985 article-title: Alteration of thyroid homeostasis by UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase inducers in rats: a dose‐response study publication-title: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – volume: 40 start-page: 439 year: 1991 end-page: 451 article-title: The effects of drugs on tests of thyroid 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publication-title: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association – volume: 214 start-page: 1804 year: 1999 end-page: 1808 article-title: Serum total thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and thyrotropin concentrations in epileptic dogs treated with anticonvulsants publication-title: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association – volume: 57 start-page: 1299 year: 1996 end-page: 1303 article-title: Effects of serum separation tubes on serum benzodiazepine and phenobarbital concentrations in clinically normal and epileptic dogs publication-title: American Journal of Veterinary Research – volume: 40 start-page: 411 year: 1999 end-page: 415 article-title: Short term influence of prednisone and phenobarbital on thyroid function in euthyroid dogs publication-title: Canadian Veterinary Journal (June) – volume: 28 start-page: 20 year: 1999 end-page: 28 article-title: Evaluation of an automated, homogeneous enzyme immunoassay method for serum thyroxine measurement in the dog and cat publication-title: Veterinary Clinical Pathology – volume: 215 start-page: 489 year: 1999 end-page: 496 article-title: Effects of phenobarbital treatment on serum thyroxine and thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentrations in epileptic dogs publication-title: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association – volume: 128 start-page: 9 year: 1994 end-page: 17 article-title: Reduction of thyroid hormone levels and alteration of thyroid function by four representative UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase inducers in rats publication-title: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology – volume: 18 start-page: 1197 year: 1988 end-page: 1216 article-title: Anticonvulsant therapy in small animals publication-title: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice – volume: 51 start-page: 454 year: 1990 end-page: 457 article-title: Effects of age, sex, and body size on serum concentrations of thyroid and adrenocortical hormones in dogs publication-title: American Journal of 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Snippet | A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)... A multicentric prospective study was conducted to monitor the effect of phenobarbital on serum total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)... |
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SubjectTerms | Analysis of Variance Animals Anticonvulsants - pharmacology Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use Dog Diseases - drug therapy Dogs Epilepsy - drug therapy Epilepsy - veterinary Female Male Phenobarbital - pharmacology Phenobarbital - therapeutic use Prospective Studies Thyrotropin - blood Thyrotropin - drug effects Thyroxine - blood Thyroxine - drug effects |
Title | Changes in serum thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations in epileptic dogs receiving phenobarbital for one year |
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