Kinesin‐14 is Important for Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis and Meiosis in the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila

Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Cili...

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Published inThe Journal of eukaryotic microbiology Vol. 64; no. 3; pp. 293 - 307
Main Authors Kushida, Yasuharu, Takaine, Masak, Nakano, Kentaro, Sugai, Toshiro, Vasudevan, Krishna Kumar, Guha, Mayukh, Jiang, Yu‐Yang, Gaertig, Jacek, Numata, Osamu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2017
Subjects
Animals
Cell division
Cell Nucleus
Chromosome Segregation
Chromosomes
Ciliates
Ciliophora - cytology
Ciliophora - genetics
crosslinking
Defects
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Gene Knockout Techniques
Genes
Homologous recombination
Kinesin
Kinesin - classification
Kinesin - genetics
Kinesin - physiology
Kinesin - ultrastructure
Macronucleus
Meiosis
Meiotic Prophase I
Metaphase
micronucleus
microtubule
Microtubules
minus‐end motors
Mitosis
Motor task performance
Mutation
Nuclear division
Nuclei
Nucleus
Organizations
Phylogeny
Prophase
Protozoa
Recombinant Proteins
Recombination
Segregation
spindle
Spindle Apparatus
Spindle Poles
Tetrahymena - genetics
Tetrahymena thermophila
Tetrahymena thermophila - cytology
Tetrahymena thermophila - genetics
Tetrahymena thermophila - metabolism
microtubule
micronucleus
minus-end motors
Macronucleus
spindle
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Ciliates provide an opportunity for the discovery of factors that specifically contribute to chromosome segregation based on a bipolar spindle, by identification of factors that affect the micronuclear but not the macronuclear division. Kinesin‐14 is a conserved minus‐end directed microtubule motor that cross‐links microtubules and contributes to the bipolar spindle sizing and organization. Here, we use homologous DNA recombination to knock out genes that encode kinesin‐14 orthologues (KIN141, KIN142) in Tetrahymena. A loss of KIN141 led to severe defects in the chromosome segregation during both mitosis and meiosis but did not affect amitosis. A loss of KIN141 altered the shape of the meiotic spindle in a way consistent with the KIN141's contribution to the organization of the spindle poles. EGFP‐tagged KIN141 preferentially accumulated at the spindle poles during the meiotic prophase and metaphase I. Thus, in ciliates, kinesin‐14 is important for nuclear divisions that involve a bipolar spindle.
AbstractList Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Ciliates provide an opportunity for the discovery of factors that specifically contribute to chromosome segregation based on a bipolar spindle, by identification of factors that affect the micronuclear but not the macronuclear division. Kinesin‐14 is a conserved minus‐end directed microtubule motor that cross‐links microtubules and contributes to the bipolar spindle sizing and organization. Here, we use homologous DNA recombination to knock out genes that encode kinesin‐14 orthologues (KIN141, KIN142) in Tetrahymena. A loss of KIN141 led to severe defects in the chromosome segregation during both mitosis and meiosis but did not affect amitosis. A loss of KIN141 altered the shape of the meiotic spindle in a way consistent with the KIN141's contribution to the organization of the spindle poles. EGFP‐tagged KIN141 preferentially accumulated at the spindle poles during the meiotic prophase and metaphase I. Thus, in ciliates, kinesin‐14 is important for nuclear divisions that involve a bipolar spindle.
Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Ciliates provide an opportunity for the discovery of factors that specifically contribute to chromosome segregation based on a bipolar spindle, by identification of factors that affect the micronuclear but not the macronuclear division. Kinesin-14 is a conserved minus-end directed microtubule motor that cross-links microtubules and contributes to the bipolar spindle sizing and organization. Here, we use homologous DNA recombination to knock out genes that encode kinesin-14 orthologues (KIN141, KIN142) in Tetrahymena. A loss of KIN141 led to severe defects in the chromosome segregation during both mitosis and meiosis but did not affect amitosis. A loss of KIN141 altered the shape of the meiotic spindle in a way consistent with the KIN141's contribution to the organization of the spindle poles. EGFP-tagged KIN141 preferentially accumulated at the spindle poles during the meiotic prophase and metaphase I. Thus, in ciliates, kinesin-14 is important for nuclear divisions that involve a bipolar spindle.Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Ciliates provide an opportunity for the discovery of factors that specifically contribute to chromosome segregation based on a bipolar spindle, by identification of factors that affect the micronuclear but not the macronuclear division. Kinesin-14 is a conserved minus-end directed microtubule motor that cross-links microtubules and contributes to the bipolar spindle sizing and organization. Here, we use homologous DNA recombination to knock out genes that encode kinesin-14 orthologues (KIN141, KIN142) in Tetrahymena. A loss of KIN141 led to severe defects in the chromosome segregation during both mitosis and meiosis but did not affect amitosis. A loss of KIN141 altered the shape of the meiotic spindle in a way consistent with the KIN141's contribution to the organization of the spindle poles. EGFP-tagged KIN141 preferentially accumulated at the spindle poles during the meiotic prophase and metaphase I. Thus, in ciliates, kinesin-14 is important for nuclear divisions that involve a bipolar spindle.
Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus that undergoes amitosis, a type of nuclear division that does not involve a bipolar spindle, but still relies on intranuclear microtubules. Ciliates provide an opportunity for the discovery of factors that specifically contribute to chromosome segregation based on a bipolar spindle, by identification of factors that affect the micronuclear but not the macronuclear division. Kinesin‐14 is a conserved minus‐end directed microtubule motor that cross‐links microtubules and contributes to the bipolar spindle sizing and organization. Here, we use homologous DNA recombination to knock out genes that encode kinesin‐14 orthologues ( KIN 141 , KIN 142 ) in Tetrahymena . A loss of KIN 141 led to severe defects in the chromosome segregation during both mitosis and meiosis but did not affect amitosis. A loss of KIN 141 altered the shape of the meiotic spindle in a way consistent with the KIN 141's contribution to the organization of the spindle poles. EGFP ‐tagged KIN 141 preferentially accumulated at the spindle poles during the meiotic prophase and metaphase I. Thus, in ciliates, kinesin‐14 is important for nuclear divisions that involve a bipolar spindle.
Author Takaine, Masak
Kushida, Yasuharu
Guha, Mayukh
Jiang, Yu‐Yang
Gaertig, Jacek
Numata, Osamu
Sugai, Toshiro
Nakano, Kentaro
Vasudevan, Krishna Kumar
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  surname: Kushida
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  fullname: Takaine, Masak
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  surname: Nakano
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  organization: University of Georgia
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  surname: Numata
  fullname: Numata, Osamu
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  organization: University of Tsukuba
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Issue 3
Keywords microtubule
micronucleus
minus-end motors
Macronucleus
spindle
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SSID ssj0016211
Score 2.186043
Snippet Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus...
Ciliates such as Tetrahymena thermophila have two distinct nuclei within one cell: the micronucleus that undergoes mitosis and meiosis and the macronucleus...
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wiley
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StartPage 293
SubjectTerms Animals
Cell division
Cell Nucleus
Chromosome Segregation
Chromosomes
Ciliates
Ciliophora - cytology
Ciliophora - genetics
crosslinking
Defects
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Gene Knockout Techniques
Genes
Homologous recombination
Kinesin
Kinesin - classification
Kinesin - genetics
Kinesin - physiology
Kinesin - ultrastructure
Macronucleus
Meiosis
Meiotic Prophase I
Metaphase
micronucleus
microtubule
Microtubules
minus‐end motors
Mitosis
Motor task performance
Mutation
Nuclear division
Nuclei
Nucleus
Organizations
Phylogeny
Prophase
Protozoa
Recombinant Proteins
Recombination
Segregation
spindle
Spindle Apparatus
Spindle Poles
Tetrahymena - genetics
Tetrahymena thermophila
Tetrahymena thermophila - cytology
Tetrahymena thermophila - genetics
Tetrahymena thermophila - metabolism
Title Kinesin‐14 is Important for Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis and Meiosis in the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fjeu.12366
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27595611
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1920488711
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1859719839
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2020868219
Volume 64
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