Nitrogen Source Preference in Maize at Seedling Stage Is Mainly Dependent on Growth Medium pH
To improve crop nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), plants must be supplied with their preferred form of nitrogen (N). However, whether pH affects crop N-form preference remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore how maize (Zea mays L.) preference for NH4+ and NO3− is affected by pH and to determine...
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| Published in | Agronomy (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 9; p. 2149 |
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| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.09.2022
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| Abstract | To improve crop nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), plants must be supplied with their preferred form of nitrogen (N). However, whether pH affects crop N-form preference remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore how maize (Zea mays L.) preference for NH4+ and NO3− is affected by pH and to determine the critical pH controlling this preference. Maize plants were grown with NH4+ or NO3− in different soils (pH 4.32–8.14) and nutrient solutions (pH 4.00–8.00). After harvest, plant dry weights, N content, N uptake, NRE, soil pH, and exchangeable aluminum (Al) were measured. Compared with the effect of NO3−, NH4+ decreased maize dry weight, N uptake, and NRE by 28–94% at soil pHs of 4.32 and 4.36 and a solution pH of 4.00, whereas it increased these parameters by 10–88% at soil pHs of 6.52–8.02 and solution pHs of 7.00 and 8.00. NO3− increased soil pH and decreased soil exchangeable Al content at soil pHs of 4.32–6.68. Critical soil and solution pHs for changing plant growth and N uptake preference for NH4+ vs. NO3− ranged from 5.08 to 5.40 and from 5.50 to 6.59, respectively. In conclusion, the preference of maize seedling growth and N uptake for NH4+ vs. NO3− mainly depends on the pH of the growth medium, and maize seedlings generally prefer NO3− in strongly acid soils but NH4+ in neutral to alkaline soils. |
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| AbstractList | To improve crop nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), plants must be supplied with their preferred form of nitrogen (N). However, whether pH affects crop N-form preference remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore how maize (Zea mays L.) preference for NH4+ and NO3− is affected by pH and to determine the critical pH controlling this preference. Maize plants were grown with NH4+ or NO3− in different soils (pH 4.32–8.14) and nutrient solutions (pH 4.00–8.00). After harvest, plant dry weights, N content, N uptake, NRE, soil pH, and exchangeable aluminum (Al) were measured. Compared with the effect of NO3−, NH4+ decreased maize dry weight, N uptake, and NRE by 28–94% at soil pHs of 4.32 and 4.36 and a solution pH of 4.00, whereas it increased these parameters by 10–88% at soil pHs of 6.52–8.02 and solution pHs of 7.00 and 8.00. NO3− increased soil pH and decreased soil exchangeable Al content at soil pHs of 4.32–6.68. Critical soil and solution pHs for changing plant growth and N uptake preference for NH4+ vs. NO3− ranged from 5.08 to 5.40 and from 5.50 to 6.59, respectively. In conclusion, the preference of maize seedling growth and N uptake for NH4+ vs. NO3− mainly depends on the pH of the growth medium, and maize seedlings generally prefer NO3− in strongly acid soils but NH4+ in neutral to alkaline soils. To improve crop nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), plants must be supplied with their preferred form of nitrogen (N). However, whether pH affects crop N-form preference remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore how maize (Zea mays L.) preference for NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ is affected by pH and to determine the critical pH controlling this preference. Maize plants were grown with NH₄⁺ or NO₃⁻ in different soils (pH 4.32–8.14) and nutrient solutions (pH 4.00–8.00). After harvest, plant dry weights, N content, N uptake, NRE, soil pH, and exchangeable aluminum (Al) were measured. Compared with the effect of NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺ decreased maize dry weight, N uptake, and NRE by 28–94% at soil pHs of 4.32 and 4.36 and a solution pH of 4.00, whereas it increased these parameters by 10–88% at soil pHs of 6.52–8.02 and solution pHs of 7.00 and 8.00. NO₃⁻ increased soil pH and decreased soil exchangeable Al content at soil pHs of 4.32–6.68. Critical soil and solution pHs for changing plant growth and N uptake preference for NH₄⁺ vs. NO₃⁻ ranged from 5.08 to 5.40 and from 5.50 to 6.59, respectively. In conclusion, the preference of maize seedling growth and N uptake for NH₄⁺ vs. NO₃⁻ mainly depends on the pH of the growth medium, and maize seedlings generally prefer NO₃⁻ in strongly acid soils but NH₄⁺ in neutral to alkaline soils. To improve crop nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), plants must be supplied with their preferred form of nitrogen (N). However, whether pH affects crop N-form preference remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore how maize (Zea mays L.) preference for NH[sub.4] [sup.+] and NO[sub.3] [sup.−] is affected by pH and to determine the critical pH controlling this preference. Maize plants were grown with NH[sub.4] [sup.+] or NO[sub.3] [sup.−] in different soils (pH 4.32-8.14) and nutrient solutions (pH 4.00-8.00). After harvest, plant dry weights, N content, N uptake, NRE, soil pH, and exchangeable aluminum (Al) were measured. Compared with the effect of NO[sub.3] [sup.−], NH[sub.4] [sup.+] decreased maize dry weight, N uptake, and NRE by 28-94% at soil pHs of 4.32 and 4.36 and a solution pH of 4.00, whereas it increased these parameters by 10-88% at soil pHs of 6.52-8.02 and solution pHs of 7.00 and 8.00. NO[sub.3] [sup.−] increased soil pH and decreased soil exchangeable Al content at soil pHs of 4.32-6.68. Critical soil and solution pHs for changing plant growth and N uptake preference for NH[sub.4] [sup.+] vs. NO[sub.3] [sup.−] ranged from 5.08 to 5.40 and from 5.50 to 6.59, respectively. In conclusion, the preference of maize seedling growth and N uptake for NH[sub.4] [sup.+] vs. NO[sub.3] [sup.−] mainly depends on the pH of the growth medium, and maize seedlings generally prefer NO[sub.3] [sup.−] in strongly acid soils but NH[sub.4] [sup.+] in neutral to alkaline soils. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Zhang, Hao-Qing Zhao, Xue-Qiang Shen, Ren-Fang |
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| SubjectTerms | Acidic soils agronomy Alkaline soils Aluminum ammonium Corn critical pH Culture media Dry weight Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid exchangeable aluminum Fertilizers Flowers & plants Food supply Growth Hydrogen-ion concentration nitrate Nitrogen nitrogen content nitrogen recovery efficiency nitrogen uptake Nutrient solutions pH effects Plant growth seedling growth Seedlings Seeds Soil chemistry Soil pH Soils Water, Underground Zea mays |
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| Title | Nitrogen Source Preference in Maize at Seedling Stage Is Mainly Dependent on Growth Medium pH |
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