Relationship between intestinal microbiota and ulcerative colitis: Mechanisms and clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, studies on the role of intestinal...

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Published in	World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 5 - 14
Main Authors	Shen, Zhao-Hua, Zhu, Chang-Xin, Quan, Yong-Sheng, Yang, Zhen-Yu, Wu, Shuai, Luo, Wei-Wei, Tan, Bei, Wang, Xiao-Yan
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 07.01.2018
Subjects	Animals Bacteria - growth & development Bacteria - immunology Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis Colitis, Ulcerative - immunology Colitis, Ulcerative - microbiology Colitis, Ulcerative - therapy Colon - immunology Colon - microbiology Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - adverse effects Gastrointestinal Microbiome Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Probiotics - adverse effects Probiotics - therapeutic use Review Treatment Outcome Probiotics Clinical application Fecal microbiota transplantation Intestinal microbiota Mechanism Ulcerative colitis
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Abstract	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of UC have been inconclusive. Studies have shown that probiotics improve intestinal mucosa barrier function and immune system function and promote secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce bowel permeability and thus the severity of disease by increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which help maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier. FMT can also restore immune dysbiosis by inhibiting Th1 differentiation, activity of T cells, leukocyte adhesion, and production of inflammatory factors. Probiotics and FMT are being increasingly used to treat UC, but their use is controversial because of uncertain efficacy. Here, we briefly review the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC.
AbstractList	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of UC have been inconclusive. Studies have shown that probiotics improve intestinal mucosa barrier function and immune system function and promote secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce bowel permeability and thus the severity of disease by increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which help maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier. FMT can also restore immune dysbiosis by inhibiting Th1 differentiation, activity of T cells, leukocyte adhesion, and production of inflammatory factors. Probiotics and FMT are being increasingly used to treat UC, but their use is controversial because of uncertain efficacy. Here, we briefly review the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC.Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of UC have been inconclusive. Studies have shown that probiotics improve intestinal mucosa barrier function and immune system function and promote secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce bowel permeability and thus the severity of disease by increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which help maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier. FMT can also restore immune dysbiosis by inhibiting Th1 differentiation, activity of T cells, leukocyte adhesion, and production of inflammatory factors. Probiotics and FMT are being increasingly used to treat UC, but their use is controversial because of uncertain efficacy. Here, we briefly review the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of UC have been inconclusive. Studies have shown that probiotics improve intestinal mucosa barrier function and immune system function and promote secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce bowel permeability and thus the severity of disease by increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which help maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier. FMT can also restore immune dysbiosis by inhibiting Th1 differentiation, activity of T cells, leukocyte adhesion, and production of inflammatory factors. Probiotics and FMT are being increasingly used to treat UC, but their use is controversial because of uncertain efficacy. Here, we briefly review the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC.
Author	Shen, Zhao-Hua Wang, Xiao-Yan Quan, Yong-Sheng Luo, Wei-Wei Yang, Zhen-Yu Zhu, Chang-Xin Wu, Shuai Tan, Bei
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Zhao-Hua surname: Shen fullname: Shen, Zhao-Hua – sequence: 2 givenname: Chang-Xin surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Chang-Xin – sequence: 3 givenname: Yong-Sheng surname: Quan fullname: Quan, Yong-Sheng – sequence: 4 givenname: Zhen-Yu surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Zhen-Yu – sequence: 5 givenname: Shuai surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Shuai – sequence: 6 givenname: Wei-Wei surname: Luo fullname: Luo, Wei-Wei – sequence: 7 givenname: Bei surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Bei – sequence: 8 givenname: Xiao-Yan surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xiao-Yan
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29358877$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. 2018
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Keywords	Probiotics Clinical application Fecal microbiota transplantation Intestinal microbiota Mechanism Ulcerative colitis
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Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Correspondence to: Xiao-Yan Wang, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China. wangxiaoyan2913@126.com Author contributions: Shen ZH wrote the manuscript; Wang XY contributed to the manuscript critical revision; all authors approved the final version of the article. Telephone: +86-13974889301 Fax: +86-731-88618457
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Snippet	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon and rectum. It is believed that genetic factors, host immune system disorders,...
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SubjectTerms	Animals Bacteria - growth & development Bacteria - immunology Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis Colitis, Ulcerative - immunology Colitis, Ulcerative - microbiology Colitis, Ulcerative - therapy Colon - immunology Colon - microbiology Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - adverse effects Gastrointestinal Microbiome Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Probiotics - adverse effects Probiotics - therapeutic use Review Treatment Outcome
Title	Relationship between intestinal microbiota and ulcerative colitis: Mechanisms and clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29358877 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1990489081 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5757125
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