Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain–computer interface (BCI)

• Published in: The Journal of physiology Vol. 599; no. 9; pp. 2435 - 2451
• Main Authors: Nierhaus, Till, Vidaurre, Carmen, Sannelli, Claudia, Mueller, Klaus‐Robert, Villringer, Arno
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2021
• Subjects: brain computer interface (BCI); brain plasticity; Computational neuroscience; Cortex (parietal); EEG; Event-related potentials; Feedback; fMRI; Functional anatomy; functional connectivity; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Functional plasticity; machine learning; Mental task performance; Neural networks; Neuroplasticity; Sensorimotor system; Structure-function relationships; Substantia grisea; Therapeutic applications; fMRI; brain computer interface (BCI); functional connectivity; machine learning; EEG; brain plasticity

Key points Two groups of inexperienced brain‐computer interface users underwent a purely mental EEG‐BCI session that rapidly impacted on their brain. Modulations in structural and functional MRI were found after only 1 h of BCI training. Two different types of BCI (based on motor imagery or visually...