Growth arrest–specific protein 6 is hepatoprotective against murine ischemia/reperfusion injury

Growth arrest–specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in s...

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Published inHepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 52; no. 4; pp. 1371 - 1379
Main Authors Llacuna, Laura, Bárcena, Cristina, Bellido‐Martín, Lola, Fernández, Laura, Stefanovic, Milica, Marí, Montserrat, García‐Ruiz, Carmen, Fernández‐Checa, José C., García de Frutos, Pablo, Morales, Albert
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.10.2010
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Abstract Growth arrest–specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild‐type (WT) mice, Gas6−/− mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6−/− mice without significant changes in c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6−/− mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia‐induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide‐induced cytokine expression (IL‐1β and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R‐induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Conclusion: Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage. (HEPATOLOGY 2010;)
AbstractList Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Gas6 super(-/-) mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6 super(-/-) mice without significant changes in c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6 super(-/-) mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression (IL-1 beta and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R-induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Conclusion: Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage. (HEPATOLOGY 2010; )
Growth arrest–specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild‐type (WT) mice, Gas6−/− mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6−/− mice without significant changes in c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6−/− mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia‐induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide‐induced cytokine expression (IL‐1β and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R‐induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Conclusion: Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage. (HEPATOLOGY 2010;)
Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Gas6(-/-) mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6(-/-) mice without significant changes in c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6(-/-) mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression (IL-1β and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R-induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage.
UNLABELLEDGrowth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Gas6(-/-) mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6(-/-) mice without significant changes in c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6(-/-) mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression (IL-1β and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R-induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. CONCLUSIONOur data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage.
Growth arrest–specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Gas6 −/− mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6 −/− mice without significant changes in c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6 −/− mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression (IL-1β and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R-induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Conclusion: Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage. (Hepatology 2010;)
Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However, the specific role of GAS6 in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been previously addressed. Here we report an early increase in serum GAS6 levels after I/R exposure. Moreover, unlike wild-type (WT) mice, Gas6-/- mice were highly sensitive to partial hepatic I/R, with 90% of the mice dying within 12 hours of reperfusion because of massive hepatocellular injury. I/R induced early hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in WT mice but not in Gas6-/- mice without significant changes in c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation or nuclear factor kappa B translocation, whereas hepatic interleukin-1[beta] (IL-1[beta]) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) messenger RNA levels were higher in Gas6-/- mice versus WT mice. In line with the in vivo data, in vitro studies indicated that GAS6 induced AKT phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes and thus protected them from hypoxia-induced cell death, whereas GAS6 diminished lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression (IL-1[beta] and TNF) in murine macrophages. Finally, recombinant GAS6 treatment in vivo not only rescued GAS6 knockout mice from severe I/R-induced liver damage but also attenuated hepatic damage in WT mice after I/R. Conclusion: Our data have revealed GAS6 to be a new player in liver I/R injury that is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for reducing postischemic hepatic damage. (HEPATOLOGY 2010;)
Author Fernández‐Checa, José C.
García de Frutos, Pablo
Llacuna, Laura
Morales, Albert
Bellido‐Martín, Lola
Marí, Montserrat
Fernández, Laura
Stefanovic, Milica
García‐Ruiz, Carmen
Bárcena, Cristina
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  surname: Llacuna
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  surname: Stefanovic
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  givenname: Montserrat
  surname: Marí
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  givenname: Carmen
  surname: García‐Ruiz
  fullname: García‐Ruiz, Carmen
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  surname: Fernández‐Checa
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Issue 4
Keywords Vertebrata
Mammalia
Mouse
Growth
Hepatoprotector
Animal
Ischemia reperfusion
Rodentia
Gastroenterology
Protein
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
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Notes These authors contributed equally to this work.
Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.
These authors share senior authorship of this work.
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PublicationDate October 2010
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Snippet Growth arrest–specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However,...
Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver. However,...
UNLABELLEDGrowth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) promotes growth and cell survival during tissue repair and development in different organs, including the liver....
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StartPage 1371
SubjectTerms Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiology. Vascular system
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - blood
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - therapeutic use
Interleukin-1beta - metabolism
Ischemia
JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
Kinases
Liver
Liver Diseases - prevention & control
Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Phosphorylation
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism
Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Rodents
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Title Growth arrest–specific protein 6 is hepatoprotective against murine ischemia/reperfusion injury
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fhep.23833
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20730776
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1766821988
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1776654858
https://search.proquest.com/docview/755970218
Volume 52
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