Ontogeny of Th1 Memory Responses against a Brucella abortus Conjugate

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Published in	Infection and Immunity Vol. 69; no. 9; pp. 5417 - 5422
Main Authors	SCHARF, Orit, AGRANOVICH, Inna, LEE, Katherine, ELLER, Nancy L, LEVY, Lily, INMAN, John, SCOTT, Dorothy E, GOLDING, Basil
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01.09.2001
Subjects	Aging - immunology Animals Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Brucella abortus Brucella abortus - immunology Brucella Vaccine - immunology Brucellosis - immunology Brucellosis - microbiology Brucellosis - prevention & control Cytokines - biosynthesis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Host Response and Inflammation Hot Temperature Immunization Immunologic Memory Interferon-gamma - genetics Interferon-gamma - metabolism Interleukin-12 - genetics Interleukin-12 - metabolism Interleukin-4 - metabolism Mice Microbiology ovalbumin Ovalbumin - immunology Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Th1 Cells - immunology Th2 Cells - immunology Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology Allergy Temperature Memory Th1 lymphocyte Helper cell Environmental factor Brucella abortus Brucellaceae Pathogenic T-Lymphocyte Bacteria Brucella melitensis Immunopathology Embryonic development Stimulus Immune response Rodentia Characteristic Infection Vertebrata Heat Mammalia Mouse Characteristics Conjugation Intracellular
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Abstract	Classifications Services IAI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue IAI About IAI Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy Connect to IAI IAI RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0019-9567 Online ISSN: 1098-5522 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to IAI .asm.org, visit: IAI
AbstractList	Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that heat-killed B. abortus (HKBa), a strong Th1 stimulus, conjugated to ovalbumin (HKBA-OVA), but not B. abortus alone, can alter the antigen-specific cytokine profile from Th2- to Th1-like. In this report we study the ability of a single injection of B. abortus to switch a Th2 to a Th1 response in immature mice. One-day- and 1-week-old mice were given a single injection of B. abortus in the absence or presence of OVA, and at maturity mice were challenged with an allergenic preparation, OVA with alum (OVA-A). B. abortus given without OVA did not diminish the subsequent Th2 response in either age group. In contrast, mice receiving a single injection of B. abortus -OVA at the age of 1 week, but not those injected at the age of 1 day, had reversal of the ratio of OVA-specific Th1 to Th2 cells and decreased immunoglobulin E levels after allergen challenge as adults. Within 6 h both 1-day- and 1-week-old mice expressed interleukin-12 p40 mRNA following either B. abortus or B. abortus -OVA administration. However, only the 1-week-old mice exhibited increased expression of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) mRNA. The absence of the early IFN-γ response in 1-day-old mice may explain their inability to generate a Th1 memory response. These results suggest that at early stages of immune development, responses to intracellular bacteria may be Th2- rather than Th1-like. Furthermore, they suggest that the first encounter with antigen evokes either a Th1- or a Th2-like response which becomes imprinted, so that subsequent memory responses conform to the original Th bias. This has implications for protection against infectious agents and development of allergic responses. Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that heat-killed B. abortus (HKBa), a strong Th1 stimulus, conjugated to ovalbumin (HKBA-OVA), but not B. abortus alone, can alter the antigen-specific cytokine profile from Th2- to Th1-like. In this report we study the ability of a single injection of B. abortus to switch a Th2 to a Th1 response in immature mice. One-day- and 1-week-old mice were given a single injection of B. abortus in the absence or presence of OVA, and at maturity mice were challenged with an allergenic preparation, OVA with alum (OVA-A). B. abortus given without OVA did not diminish the subsequent Th2 response in either age group. In contrast, mice receiving a single injection of B. abortus-OVA at the age of 1 week, but not those injected at the age of 1 day, had reversal of the ratio of OVA-specific Th1 to Th2 cells and decreased immunoglobulin E levels after allergen challenge as adults. Within 6 h both 1-day- and 1-week-old mice expressed interleukin-12 p40 mRNA following either B. abortus or B. abortus-OVA administration. However, only the 1-week-old mice exhibited increased expression of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) mRNA. The absence of the early IFN-gamma response in 1-day-old mice may explain their inability to generate a Th1 memory response. These results suggest that at early stages of immune development, responses to intracellular bacteria may be Th2- rather than Th1-like. Furthermore, they suggest that the first encounter with antigen evokes either a Th1- or a Th2-like response which becomes imprinted, so that subsequent memory responses conform to the original Th bias. This has implications for protection against infectious agents and development of allergic responses. ABSTRACT Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that heat-killed B. abortus (HKBa), a strong Th1 stimulus, conjugated to ovalbumin (HKBA-OVA), but not B. abortus alone, can alter the antigen-specific cytokine profile from Th2- to Th1-like. In this report we study the ability of a single injection of B. abortus to switch a Th2 to a Th1 response in immature mice. One-day- and 1-week-old mice were given a single injection of B. abortus in the absence or presence of OVA, and at maturity mice were challenged with an allergenic preparation, OVA with alum (OVA-A). B. abortus given without OVA did not diminish the subsequent Th2 response in either age group. In contrast, mice receiving a single injection of B. abortus -OVA at the age of 1 week, but not those injected at the age of 1 day, had reversal of the ratio of OVA-specific Th1 to Th2 cells and decreased immunoglobulin E levels after allergen challenge as adults. Within 6 h both 1-day- and 1-week-old mice expressed interleukin-12 p40 mRNA following either B. abortus or B. abortus -OVA administration. However, only the 1-week-old mice exhibited increased expression of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) mRNA. The absence of the early IFN-γ response in 1-day-old mice may explain their inability to generate a Th1 memory response. These results suggest that at early stages of immune development, responses to intracellular bacteria may be Th2- rather than Th1-like. Furthermore, they suggest that the first encounter with antigen evokes either a Th1- or a Th2-like response which becomes imprinted, so that subsequent memory responses conform to the original Th bias. This has implications for protection against infectious agents and development of allergic responses. Classifications Services IAI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue IAI About IAI Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy Connect to IAI IAI RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0019-9567 Online ISSN: 1098-5522 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to IAI .asm.org, visit: IAI
Author	John Inman Orit Scharf Katherine Lee Basil Golding Nancy L. Eller Dorothy E. Scott Inna Agranovich Lily Levy
AuthorAffiliation	Laboratory of Plasma Derivatives, Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1 and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 2 Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Keywords	Allergy Temperature Memory Th1 lymphocyte Helper cell Environmental factor Brucella abortus Brucellaceae Pathogenic T-Lymphocyte Bacteria Brucella melitensis Immunopathology Embryonic development Stimulus Immune response Rodentia Characteristic Infection Vertebrata Heat Mammalia Mouse Characteristics Conjugation Intracellular
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Snippet	Classifications Services IAI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit... Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that heat-killed B.... ABSTRACT Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that... Protective immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as Brucella abortus are characteristically Th1-like. Recently we demonstrated that heat-killed B....
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SubjectTerms	Aging - immunology Animals Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Brucella abortus Brucella abortus - immunology Brucella Vaccine - immunology Brucellosis - immunology Brucellosis - microbiology Brucellosis - prevention & control Cytokines - biosynthesis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Host Response and Inflammation Hot Temperature Immunization Immunologic Memory Interferon-gamma - genetics Interferon-gamma - metabolism Interleukin-12 - genetics Interleukin-12 - metabolism Interleukin-4 - metabolism Mice Microbiology ovalbumin Ovalbumin - immunology Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Th1 Cells - immunology Th2 Cells - immunology Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology
Title	Ontogeny of Th1 Memory Responses against a Brucella abortus Conjugate
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