The association between recreational cannabis use and posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and methodological critique of the literature

Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing body of research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recreational cannabis use (RCU) frequently co-occur, yet findin...

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Published inDrug and alcohol dependence Vol. 240; p. 109623
Main Authors Hicks, Terrell A, Zaur, Angela J, Keeley, Jared W, Amstadter, Ananda B
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Ireland Elsevier Science Ltd 01.11.2022
Subjects
Analgesics - therapeutic use
Bidirectionality
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists - therapeutic use
Cannabis
Cannabis - adverse effects
Comorbidity
Drugs
High risk
Humans
Legal status
Marijuana
Mental disorders
Mental health
Methodological problems
Post traumatic stress disorder
Psychological stress
Public health
R&D
Recreation
Recreational use
Research & development
Research methodology
Self report
Self-medication
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology
Systematic review
Variability
Cannabis
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Comorbidity
Etiology
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Abstract Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing body of research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recreational cannabis use (RCU) frequently co-occur, yet findings are inconsistent (e.g., direction of effect) and methodological variability makes comparison across studies difficult. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review of all studies (N = 45) published before May 2020 regarding etiologic models of co-occurring RCU and PTSD, as well as provided a methodological critique to inform suggestions for future research initiatives. Findings indicate that a majority of studies (n = 37) demonstrated a significant association between RCU and PTSD. Findings provide evidence for the self-medication and high-risk models posited to explain co-occurring RCU and PTSD despite variability in assessment of RCU, which includes commonly used non-standardized self-report questions. The association between RCU and PTSD is likely bidirectional. Results inform clinicians and researchers working in the mental health and cannabis use fields how the variability in findings on the association between RCU and PTSD may be attributable, in part, to methodological issues that permeate the extant literature pertaining to RCU and PTSD.
AbstractList Background Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing body of research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recreational cannabis use (RCU) frequently co-occur, yet findings are inconsistent (e.g., direction of effect) and methodological variability makes comparison across studies difficult. Methods We conducted a comprehensive systematic review of all studies (N = 45) published before May 2020 regarding etiologic models of co-occurring RCU and PTSD, as well as provided a methodological critique to inform suggestions for future research initiatives. Results Findings indicate that a majority of studies (n = 37) demonstrated a significant association between RCU and PTSD. Findings provide evidence for the self-medication and high-risk models posited to explain co-occurring RCU and PTSD despite variability in assessment of RCU, which includes commonly used non-standardized self-report questions. Conclusion The association between RCU and PTSD is likely bidirectional. Results inform clinicians and researchers working in the mental health and cannabis use fields how the variability in findings on the association between RCU and PTSD may be attributable, in part, to methodological issues that permeate the extant literature pertaining to RCU and PTSD.
BACKGROUNDGiven recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing body of research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recreational cannabis use (RCU) frequently co-occur, yet findings are inconsistent (e.g., direction of effect) and methodological variability makes comparison across studies difficult.METHODSWe conducted a comprehensive systematic review of all studies (N = 45) published before May 2020 regarding etiologic models of co-occurring RCU and PTSD, as well as provided a methodological critique to inform suggestions for future research initiatives.RESULTSFindings indicate that a majority of studies (n = 37) demonstrated a significant association between RCU and PTSD. Findings provide evidence for the self-medication and high-risk models posited to explain co-occurring RCU and PTSD despite variability in assessment of RCU, which includes commonly used non-standardized self-report questions.CONCLUSIONThe association between RCU and PTSD is likely bidirectional. Results inform clinicians and researchers working in the mental health and cannabis use fields how the variability in findings on the association between RCU and PTSD may be attributable, in part, to methodological issues that permeate the extant literature pertaining to RCU and PTSD.
Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing body of research has demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and recreational cannabis use (RCU) frequently co-occur, yet findings are inconsistent (e.g., direction of effect) and methodological variability makes comparison across studies difficult. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review of all studies (N = 45) published before May 2020 regarding etiologic models of co-occurring RCU and PTSD, as well as provided a methodological critique to inform suggestions for future research initiatives. Findings indicate that a majority of studies (n = 37) demonstrated a significant association between RCU and PTSD. Findings provide evidence for the self-medication and high-risk models posited to explain co-occurring RCU and PTSD despite variability in assessment of RCU, which includes commonly used non-standardized self-report questions. The association between RCU and PTSD is likely bidirectional. Results inform clinicians and researchers working in the mental health and cannabis use fields how the variability in findings on the association between RCU and PTSD may be attributable, in part, to methodological issues that permeate the extant literature pertaining to RCU and PTSD.
ArticleNumber 109623
Author Zaur, Angela J
Amstadter, Ananda B
Hicks, Terrell A
Keeley, Jared W
AuthorAffiliation 3 Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
2 Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University
1 Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
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  surname: Hicks
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Posttraumatic stress disorder
Comorbidity
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Snippet Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A growing...
Background Given recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A...
BACKGROUNDGiven recent changes in the legal status of cannabis, the risks and benefits associated with its use have become an important public health topic. A...
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SubjectTerms Analgesics - therapeutic use
Bidirectionality
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists - therapeutic use
Cannabis
Cannabis - adverse effects
Comorbidity
Drugs
High risk
Humans
Legal status
Marijuana
Mental disorders
Mental health
Methodological problems
Post traumatic stress disorder
Psychological stress
Public health
R&D
Recreation
Recreational use
Research & development
Research methodology
Self report
Self-medication
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology
Systematic review
Variability
Title The association between recreational cannabis use and posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and methodological critique of the literature
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36162309
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2754550385
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2718637584
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9665003
Volume 240
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