Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibits intraplaque haemorrhage by normalization of plaque neovessels

• Published in: Journal of internal medicine Vol. 285; no. 1; pp. 59 - 74
• Main Authors: de Vries, M. R., Parma, L., Peters, H. A. B., Schepers, A., Hamming, J. F., Jukema, J. W., Goumans, M. J. T. H., Guo, L., Finn, A. V., Virmani, R., Ozaki, C. K., Quax, P. H. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2019; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Angiopoietin; Angiopoietin-2 - blood; Animals; Aorta; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers - blood; Blood vessels; Carotid artery; Collagen; Connexins - blood; Control stability; Disease Models, Animal; Erythrocytes; Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein; Grafting; Grafts; Growth factors; Hemorrhage; Hemorrhage - prevention & control; Humans; Hypoxia; Inflammation; intraplaque haemorrhage; Lesions; Macrophages; Maturation; Mice; Muscles; Neovascularization, Pathologic - prevention & control; Original; Plaque, Atherosclerotic - drug therapy; SDF-1 protein; Smooth muscle; Stability; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - pharmacology; Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 - antagonists & inhibitors; vein graft; Veins & arteries; atherosclerosis; intraplaque haemorrhage; angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factor; vein graft

Background Plaque angiogenesis is associated with atherosclerotic lesion growth, plaque instability and negative clinical outcome. Plaque angiogenesis is a natural occurring process to fulfil the increasing demand of oxygen and nourishment of the vessel wall. However, inadequate formed, immature pla...