Small Heat Shock Protein (sHsp22.98) from Trialeurodes vaporariorum Plays Important Role in Apple Scar Skin Viroid Transmission

Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). This vector-mediated transmission may cause the spread of infection to other herbaceous crops. For effective management of ASSVd, it is im...

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Published inViruses Vol. 15; no. 10; p. 2069
Main Authors Chaudhary, Savita, Selvaraj, Vijayanandraj, Awasthi, Preshika, Bhuria, Swati, Purohit, Rituraj, Kumar, Surender, Hallan, Vipin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 09.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
apple scar skin viroid
Cloning
Crops
DNA polymerase
E coli
Electrophoretic mobility
Fruits
Gene silencing
Genes
Heat shock proteins
Insects
Molecular weight
Pathogens
Plant virus diseases
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
small heat shock proteins (sHSPs)
tobacco rattle virus
transient silencing
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Viral infections
viroid transmission
Viroids
Viruses
United States > US
Japan
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Abstract Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). This vector-mediated transmission may cause the spread of infection to other herbaceous crops. For effective management of ASSVd, it is important to explore the whitefly’s proteins, which interact with ASSVd RNA and are thereby involved in its transmission. In this study, it was found that a small heat shock protein (sHsp) from T. vaporariorum, which is expressed under stress, binds to ASSVd RNA. The sHsp gene is 606 bp in length and encodes for 202 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 22.98 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.95. Intermolecular interaction was confirmed through in silico analysis, using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and northwestern assays. The sHsp22.98 protein was found to exist in both monomeric and dimeric forms, and both forms showed strong binding to ASSVd RNA. To investigate the role of sHsp22.98 during ASSVd infection, transient silencing of sHsp22.98 was conducted, using a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing system. The sHsp22.98-silenced whiteflies showed an approximate 50% decrease in ASSVd transmission. These results suggest that sHsp22.98 from T. vaporariorum is associated with viroid RNA and plays a significant role in transmission.
AbstractList Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). This vector-mediated transmission may cause the spread of infection to other herbaceous crops. For effective management of ASSVd, it is important to explore the whitefly’s proteins, which interact with ASSVd RNA and are thereby involved in its transmission. In this study, it was found that a small heat shock protein (sHsp) from T. vaporariorum , which is expressed under stress, binds to ASSVd RNA. The sHsp gene is 606 bp in length and encodes for 202 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 22.98 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.95. Intermolecular interaction was confirmed through in silico analysis, using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and northwestern assays. The sHsp22.98 protein was found to exist in both monomeric and dimeric forms, and both forms showed strong binding to ASSVd RNA. To investigate the role of sHsp22.98 during ASSVd infection, transient silencing of sHsp22.98 was conducted, using a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing system. The sHsp22.98 -silenced whiteflies showed an approximate 50% decrease in ASSVd transmission. These results suggest that sHsp22.98 from T. vaporariorum is associated with viroid RNA and plays a significant role in transmission.
Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). This vector-mediated transmission may cause the spread of infection to other herbaceous crops. For effective management of ASSVd, it is important to explore the whitefly’s proteins, which interact with ASSVd RNA and are thereby involved in its transmission. In this study, it was found that a small heat shock protein (sHsp) from T. vaporariorum, which is expressed under stress, binds to ASSVd RNA. The sHsp gene is 606 bp in length and encodes for 202 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 22.98 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.95. Intermolecular interaction was confirmed through in silico analysis, using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and northwestern assays. The sHsp22.98 protein was found to exist in both monomeric and dimeric forms, and both forms showed strong binding to ASSVd RNA. To investigate the role of sHsp22.98 during ASSVd infection, transient silencing of sHsp22.98 was conducted, using a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing system. The sHsp22.98-silenced whiteflies showed an approximate 50% decrease in ASSVd transmission. These results suggest that sHsp22.98 from T. vaporariorum is associated with viroid RNA and plays a significant role in transmission.
Author Purohit, Rituraj
Hallan, Vipin
Selvaraj, Vijayanandraj
Awasthi, Preshika
Bhuria, Swati
Kumar, Surender
Chaudhary, Savita
AuthorAffiliation 1 Plant Virology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, CSIR—Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
3 Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Bioinformatics Lab, Division of Biotechnology, CSIR—Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India rituraj@ihbt.res.in (R.P.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Plant Virology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, CSIR—Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
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– name: 2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India rituraj@ihbt.res.in (R.P.)
– name: 3 Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Snippet Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid...
Trialeurodes vaporariorum, commonly known as the greenhouse whitefly, severely infests important crops and serves as a vector for apple scar skin viroid...
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StartPage 2069
SubjectTerms apple scar skin viroid
Cloning
Crops
DNA polymerase
E coli
Electrophoretic mobility
Fruits
Gene silencing
Genes
Heat shock proteins
Insects
Molecular weight
Pathogens
Plant virus diseases
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
small heat shock proteins (sHSPs)
tobacco rattle virus
transient silencing
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Viral infections
viroid transmission
Viroids
Viruses
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Title Small Heat Shock Protein (sHsp22.98) from Trialeurodes vaporariorum Plays Important Role in Apple Scar Skin Viroid Transmission
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2882850770/abstract/
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2883579541
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10611230
https://doaj.org/article/2aad8f0c2dbb4550bedf493131c31e64
Volume 15
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