A Mutant Yeast Topoisomerase II (top2G437S) with Differential Sensitivity to Anticancer Drugs in the Presence and Absence of ATP

To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a...

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Published inThe Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 273; no. 44; pp. 29086 - 29092
Main Authors Sabourin, Michelle, Byl, Jo Ann Wilson, Hannah, S. Erin, Nitiss, John L., Osheroff, Neil
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 30.10.1998
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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Abstract To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a single point mutation that converted Gly437 → Ser (top2G437S). Purified top2G437S displayed wild-type enzymatic activity in the absence of drugs but exhibited two properties that were not predicted by the cellular resistance phenotype. First, in the absence of ATP, it was hypersensitive to all of the drugs examined and hypersensitivity correlated with increased drug affinity. Second, in the presence of ATP, top2G437S lost its hypersensitivity and displayed wild-type drug sensitivity. Since the resistance of yeast harboring top2G437S could not be explained by alterations in enzyme-drug interactions, physiological levels of topoisomerase II were determined. The Gly437 → Ser mutation reduced the stability of topoisomerase II and decreased the cellular concentration of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the physiological drug resistance phenotype conferred by top2G437S results primarily from its decreased stability. This study highlights the need to analyze both the biochemistry and the physiology of topoisomerase II mutants with altered drug sensitivity in order to define the mechanistic bridge that links enzyme function to cellular phenotype.
AbstractList To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a single point mutation that converted Gly437 → Ser (top2G437S). Purified top2G437S displayed wild-type enzymatic activity in the absence of drugs but exhibited two properties that were not predicted by the cellular resistance phenotype. First, in the absence of ATP, it was hypersensitive to all of the drugs examined and hypersensitivity correlated with increased drug affinity. Second, in the presence of ATP, top2G437S lost its hypersensitivity and displayed wild-type drug sensitivity. Since the resistance of yeast harboring top2G437S could not be explained by alterations in enzyme-drug interactions, physiological levels of topoisomerase II were determined. The Gly437 → Ser mutation reduced the stability of topoisomerase II and decreased the cellular concentration of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the physiological drug resistance phenotype conferred by top2G437S results primarily from its decreased stability. This study highlights the need to analyze both the biochemistry and the physiology of topoisomerase II mutants with altered drug sensitivity in order to define the mechanistic bridge that links enzyme function to cellular phenotype.
To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a single point mutation that converted Gly super(437) arrow right Ser (top2G437S). Purified top2G437S displayed wild-type enzymatic activity in the absence of drugs but exhibited two properties that were not predicted by the cellular resistance phenotype. First, in the absence of ATP, it was hypersensitive to all of the drugs examined and hypersensitivity correlated with increased drug affinity. Second, in the presence of ATP, top2G437S lost its hypersensitivity and displayed wild-type drug sensitivity. Since the resistance of yeast harboring top2G437S could not be explained by alterations in enzyme-drug interactions physiological levels of topoisomerase II were determined. The Gly super(437) arrow right Ser mutation reduced the stability of topoisomerase II and decreased the cellular concentration of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the physiological drug resistance phenotype conferred by top2G437S results primarily from its decreased stability. This study highlights the need to analyze both the biochemistry and the physiology of topoisomerase II mutants with altered drug sensitivity in order to define the mechanistic bridge that links enzyme function to cellular phenotype.
To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a single point mutation that converted Gly437 --> Ser (top2G437S). Purified top2G437S displayed wild-type enzymatic activity in the absence of drugs but exhibited two properties that were not predicted by the cellular resistance phenotype. First, in the absence of ATP, it was hypersensitive to all of the drugs examined and hypersensitivity correlated with increased drug affinity. Second, in the presence of ATP, top2G437S lost its hypersensitivity and displayed wild-type drug sensitivity. Since the resistance of yeast harboring top2G437S could not be explained by alterations in enzyme-drug interactions, physiological levels of topoisomerase II were determined. The Gly437 --> Ser mutation reduced the stability of topoisomerase II and decreased the cellular concentration of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the physiological drug resistance phenotype conferred by top2G437S results primarily from its decreased stability. This study highlights the need to analyze both the biochemistry and the physiology of topoisomerase II mutants with altered drug sensitivity in order to define the mechanistic bridge that links enzyme function to cellular phenotype.
To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant type II topoisomerase that conferred cellular resistance to CP-115,953, amsacrine, etoposide, and ellipticine. The mutant enzyme contained a single point mutation that converted Gly 437 → Ser (top2G437S). Purified top2G437S displayed wild-type enzymatic activity in the absence of drugs but exhibited two properties that were not predicted by the cellular resistance phenotype. First, in the absence of ATP, it was hypersensitive to all of the drugs examined and hypersensitivity correlated with increased drug affinity. Second, in the presence of ATP, top2G437S lost its hypersensitivity and displayed wild-type drug sensitivity. Since the resistance of yeast harboring top2G437S could not be explained by alterations in enzyme-drug interactions, physiological levels of topoisomerase II were determined. The Gly 437 → Ser mutation reduced the stability of topoisomerase II and decreased the cellular concentration of the enzyme. These findings suggest that the physiological drug resistance phenotype conferred by top2G437S results primarily from its decreased stability. This study highlights the need to analyze both the biochemistry and the physiology of topoisomerase II mutants with altered drug sensitivity in order to define the mechanistic bridge that links enzyme function to cellular phenotype.
Author Nitiss, John L.
Sabourin, Michelle
Byl, Jo Ann Wilson
Hannah, S. Erin
Osheroff, Neil
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Snippet To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant...
To further characterize the mechanistic basis for cellular resistance/hypersensitivity to anticancer drugs, a yeast genetic system was used to select a mutant...
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SubjectTerms Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - chemistry
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - drug effects
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - genetics
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
Enzyme Stability
Glycine - genetics
Mutagenesis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - enzymology
Serine - genetics
Title A Mutant Yeast Topoisomerase II (top2G437S) with Differential Sensitivity to Anticancer Drugs in the Presence and Absence of ATP
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.44.29086
http://www.jbc.org/content/273/44/29086.abstract
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9786915
https://search.proquest.com/docview/17092773
Volume 273
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