The immune evasion roles of Staphylococcus aureus protein A and impact on vaccine development

While Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can lead to a wide array of infection syndromes at both local and distant sites. Despite ubiquitous exposure from early infancy, the life-long ri...

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Published inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Vol. 13; p. 1242702
Main Authors Bear, Alex, Locke, Thomas, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, Pecetta, Simone, Bagnoli, Fabio, Darton, Thomas C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 27.09.2023
Subjects
B cells
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
immune evasion
Protein A
Staphylococcus aureus
super antigen
vaccine development
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Abstract While Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can lead to a wide array of infection syndromes at both local and distant sites. Despite ubiquitous exposure from early infancy, the life-long risk of opportunistic infection is facilitated by a broad repertoire of S. aureus virulence proteins. These proteins play a key role in inhibiting development of a long-term protective immune response by mechanisms ranging from dysregulation of the complement cascade to the disruption of leukocyte migration. In this review we describe the recent progress made in dissecting S. aureus immune evasion, focusing on the role of the superantigen, staphylococcal protein A (SpA). Evasion of the normal human immune response drives the ability of S. aureus to cause infection, often recurrently, and is also thought to be a major hindrance in the development of effective vaccination strategies. Understanding the role of S. aureus virulence protein and determining methods overcoming or subverting these mechanisms could lead to much-needed breakthroughs in vaccine and monoclonal antibody development.
AbstractList While Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can lead to a wide array of infection syndromes at both local and distant sites. Despite ubiquitous exposure from early infancy, the life-long risk of opportunistic infection is facilitated by a broad repertoire of S. aureus virulence proteins. These proteins play a key role in inhibiting development of a long-term protective immune response by mechanisms ranging from dysregulation of the complement cascade to the disruption of leukocyte migration. In this review we describe the recent progress made in dissecting S. aureus immune evasion, focusing on the role of the superantigen, staphylococcal protein A (SpA). Evasion of the normal human immune response drives the ability of S. aureus to cause infection, often recurrently, and is also thought to be a major hindrance in the development of effective vaccination strategies. Understanding the role of S. aureus virulence protein and determining methods overcoming or subverting these mechanisms could lead to much-needed breakthroughs in vaccine and monoclonal antibody development.
While Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can lead to a wide array of infection syndromes at both local and distant sites. Despite ubiquitous exposure from early infancy, the life-long risk of opportunistic infection is facilitated by a broad repertoire of S. aureus virulence proteins. These proteins play a key role in inhibiting development of a long-term protective immune response by mechanisms ranging from dysregulation of the complement cascade to the disruption of leukocyte migration. In this review we describe the recent progress made in dissecting S. aureus immune evasion, focusing on the role of the superantigen, staphylococcal protein A (SpA). Evasion of the normal human immune response drives the ability of S. aureus to cause infection, often recurrently, and is also thought to be a major hindrance in the development of effective vaccination strategies. Understanding the role of S. aureus virulence protein and determining methods overcoming or subverting these mechanisms could lead to much-needed breakthroughs in vaccine and monoclonal antibody development.
Author Bear, Alex
Bagnoli, Fabio
Locke, Thomas
Darton, Thomas C.
Rowland-Jones, Sarah
Pecetta, Simone
AuthorAffiliation 2 GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Srl , Siena , Italy
1 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Srl , Siena , Italy
– name: 1 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , United Kingdom
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1093_jbmrpl_ziad005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_glmedi_2024_100103
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12866_024_03364_8
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Reviewed by: Nevena Arsenovic-Ranin, University of Belgrade, Serbia; Hernan Felipe Peñaloza, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
Edited by: Marina T. Milenković, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Present address: Simone Pecetta, Moderna Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Snippet While Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can...
While Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria are part of the human commensal flora, opportunistic invasion following breach of the epithelial layers can...
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SubjectTerms B cells
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
immune evasion
Protein A
Staphylococcus aureus
super antigen
vaccine development
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Title The immune evasion roles of Staphylococcus aureus protein A and impact on vaccine development
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