The effect of upper-extremity posture on maximum grip strength
The objective of this study was to determine and document the position of peak grip strength in different shoulder, elbow, and wrist posture combinations. Fifteen (15) male subjects performed maximal exertions with their dominant hands in nine wrist postures, three elbow postures, and two shoulder p...
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| Published in | International journal of industrial ergonomics Vol. 18; no. 5-6; pp. 423 - 429 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
1996
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The objective of this study was to determine and document the position of peak grip strength in different shoulder, elbow, and wrist posture combinations. Fifteen (15) male subjects performed maximal exertions with their dominant hands in nine wrist postures, three elbow postures, and two shoulder postures. Analysis of the data revealed that shoulder and elbow angles had significant effect upon the grip strength. Similarly, it was seen that grip strength at elbow at 135 degrees flexion was significantly different from those with elbow at 90 and 180 degrees. Further, the results revealed that peak grip strength occurred at a combined posture of shoulder abducted 0 degrees, elbow flexed 135 degrees, and the wrist in the neutral posture. Decrements of up to 42% in grip strength could be seen as elbow and wrist angles deviated. This means that use of handtools at deviated postures of shoulder, elbow, and wrist would decrease the percent of MVC at which a worker operated. Hence, the implementation of the finding of this study might be a reduction in the risk of injury, increase in productivity, and well-being of the workers. |
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| AbstractList | The objective of this study was to determine and document the position of peak grip strength in different shoulder, elbow, and wrist posture combinations. Fifteen (15) male subjects performed maximal exertions with their dominant hands in nine wrist postures, three elbow postures, and two shoulder postures. Analysis of the data revealed that shoulder and elbow angles had significant effect upon the grip strength. Similarly, it was seen that grip strength at elbow at 135 degrees flexion was significantly different from those with elbow at 90 and 180 degrees. Further, the results revealed that peak grip strength occurred at a combined posture of shoulder abducted 0 degrees, elbow flexed 135 degrees, and the wrist in the neutral posture. Decrements of up to 42% in grip strength could be seen as elbow and wrist angles deviated. This means that use of handtools at deviated postures of shoulder, elbow, and wrist would decrease the percent of MVC at which a worker operated. Hence, the implementation of the finding of this study might be a reduction in the risk of injury, increase in productivity, and well-being of the workers. |
| Author | Fernandez, Jeffrey E. Kattel, Bheem P. Fredericks, Tycho K. Lee, Dong C. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bheem P. surname: Kattel fullname: Kattel, Bheem P. organization: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260-0035, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Tycho K. surname: Fredericks fullname: Fredericks, Tycho K. organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Jeffrey E. surname: Fernandez fullname: Fernandez, Jeffrey E. organization: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260-0035, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Dong C. surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Dong C. organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, Dong-A University, Pusan 604-714, Korea |
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| Keywords | Flexion Ulnar deviation Grip strength Neutral posture Abduction |
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| References | Perez-Balke, Buchholz (bib13) 1994 Armstrong (bib2) 1986 Rasch (bib17) 1989 Armstrong (bib1) 1986; 2 Ayoub, Smith, Selan, Chen, Fernandez, Lee, Kim (bib4) 1985 Silverstein (bib18) 1985 Fransson, Winkel (bib6) 1989; 22 Hertzberg (bib9) 1955; 63 Dahalan, Fernandez (bib5) 1993; 12 Tichauer (bib20) 1966; 8 Grandjean (bib7) 1988 Marley, Debree, Wehrman (bib10) 1993 Ramakrishnan, Bronkema, Hallbeck (bib16) 1994 Marley, Wehrman (bib11) 1992 Welch (bib21) 1972; 41 Woodson (bib22) 1981 Grant (bib8) 1994 Putz-Anderson (bib14) 1988 Palanisami, Narasimhan, Fernandez (bib12) 1994 Taylor, Pelmear (bib19) 1975 Armstrong, Ulin, Ways (bib3) 1989 Radwin, Armstrong (bib15) 1985; 46 Rasch (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib17) 1989 Grant (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib8) 1994 Ayoub (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib4) 1985 Tichauer (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib20) 1966; 8 Armstrong (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib2) 1986 Ramakrishnan (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib16) 1994 Silverstein (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib18) 1985 Woodson (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib22) 1981 Fransson (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib6) 1989; 22 Hertzberg (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib9) 1955; 63 Welch (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib21) 1972; 41 Grandjean (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib7) 1988 Radwin (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib15) 1985; 46 Taylor (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib19) 1975 Marley (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib11) 1992 Dahalan (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib5) 1993; 12 Perez-Balke (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib13) 1994 Putz-Anderson (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib14) 1988 Armstrong (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib1) 1986; 2 Marley (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib10) 1993 Palanisami (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib12) 1994 Armstrong (10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib3) 1989 |
| References_xml | – volume: 8 start-page: 63 year: 1966 end-page: 71 ident: bib20 article-title: Some aspects of stress on the forearm and hand in industry publication-title: Journal of Occupational Medicine contributor: fullname: Tichauer – start-page: 59 year: 1986 end-page: 73 ident: bib2 article-title: Upper-extremity posture: Definition, measurement and control publication-title: Ergonomics of Working Posture contributor: fullname: Armstrong – start-page: 549 year: 1994 end-page: 553 ident: bib8 article-title: Evaluation of grip force exertions in dynamic manual work publication-title: Proc. 38th Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society contributor: fullname: Grant – volume: 2 start-page: 553 year: 1986 end-page: 566 ident: bib1 article-title: Ergonomics and cumulative trauma disorders publication-title: Hand Clinics contributor: fullname: Armstrong – volume: 12 start-page: 219 year: 1993 end-page: 230 ident: bib5 article-title: Psychophysical frequency for a gripping task publication-title: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics contributor: fullname: Fernandez – volume: 22 start-page: 1012 year: 1989 ident: bib6 article-title: Grip strength and leg design of power grip hand tools publication-title: Journal of Biomechanics contributor: fullname: Winkel – volume: 63 start-page: 616 year: 1955 end-page: 629 ident: bib9 article-title: Some contributions of applied physical anthropometry to human engineering publication-title: Annals of the New York Academy of Science contributor: fullname: Hertzberg – start-page: 791 year: 1992 end-page: 795 ident: bib11 article-title: Grip strength as a function of forearm rotation and elbow posture publication-title: Proc. of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society contributor: fullname: Wehrman – year: 1981 ident: bib22 publication-title: Human Factors Design Handbook contributor: fullname: Woodson – year: 1985 ident: bib4 article-title: Modeling of manual handling in unusual postures: Phase II publication-title: Final Report, University of Dayton, Contract No. RI-40779-3364-34 contributor: fullname: Kim – start-page: 43 year: 1989 end-page: 50 ident: bib3 article-title: Hand tools and control of cumulative trauma disorders of the upper limb publication-title: International Occupational Ergonomics Symposium (3rd) contributor: fullname: Ways – year: 1988 ident: bib7 article-title: Fitting the Task to the Man: A textbook of Occupational Ergonomics contributor: fullname: Grandjean – year: 1988 ident: bib14 article-title: Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs contributor: fullname: Putz-Anderson – year: 1989 ident: bib17 article-title: Kinesiology and Applied Anatomy contributor: fullname: Rasch – start-page: 544 year: 1994 end-page: 548 ident: bib13 article-title: A study of the effect of a ‘Resting Splint’ on peak grip strength publication-title: Proc. 38th Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society contributor: fullname: Buchholz – volume: 46 start-page: 211 year: 1985 end-page: 219 ident: bib15 article-title: Assessment of hand vibration exposure on an assembly line publication-title: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal contributor: fullname: Armstrong – year: 1975 ident: bib19 article-title: Vibration White Finger in Industry contributor: fullname: Pelmear – start-page: 525 year: 1993 end-page: 529 ident: bib10 article-title: Effect of wrist, forearm and elbow posture on maximum grip strength publication-title: Proc. 2nd Industrial Engineering Research Conference contributor: fullname: Wehrman – year: 1985 ident: bib18 article-title: The prevalence of upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders in industry contributor: fullname: Silverstein – volume: 41 start-page: 16 year: 1972 end-page: 19 ident: bib21 article-title: The causes of tenosynovitis in industry publication-title: Industrial Medicine contributor: fullname: Welch – start-page: 554 year: 1994 end-page: 558 ident: bib16 article-title: Effect of grip span, wrist position, hand and gender on grip strength publication-title: Proc. 38th Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society contributor: fullname: Hallbeck – start-page: 587 year: 1994 end-page: 594 ident: bib12 article-title: The effect of sitting on peak pinch strength publication-title: Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety contributor: fullname: Fernandez – volume: 2 start-page: 553 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib1 article-title: Ergonomics and cumulative trauma disorders publication-title: Hand Clinics doi: 10.1016/S0749-0712(21)00562-X contributor: fullname: Armstrong – start-page: 43 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib3 article-title: Hand tools and control of cumulative trauma disorders of the upper limb contributor: fullname: Armstrong – start-page: 549 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib8 article-title: Evaluation of grip force exertions in dynamic manual work contributor: fullname: Grant – year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib19 contributor: fullname: Taylor – year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib17 contributor: fullname: Rasch – volume: 22 start-page: 1012 issue: 10 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib6 article-title: Grip strength and leg design of power grip hand tools publication-title: Journal of Biomechanics doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(89)90245-5 contributor: fullname: Fransson – year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib14 contributor: fullname: Putz-Anderson – volume: 8 start-page: 63 year: 1966 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib20 article-title: Some aspects of stress on the forearm and hand in industry publication-title: Journal of Occupational Medicine contributor: fullname: Tichauer – volume: 63 start-page: 616 year: 1955 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib9 article-title: Some contributions of applied physical anthropometry to human engineering publication-title: Annals of the New York Academy of Science doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1955.tb32114.x contributor: fullname: Hertzberg – year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib22 contributor: fullname: Woodson – start-page: 525 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib10 article-title: Effect of wrist, forearm and elbow posture on maximum grip strength contributor: fullname: Marley – year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib7 contributor: fullname: Grandjean – volume: 41 start-page: 16 year: 1972 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib21 article-title: The causes of tenosynovitis in industry publication-title: Industrial Medicine contributor: fullname: Welch – volume: 12 start-page: 219 issue: 3 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib5 article-title: Psychophysical frequency for a gripping task publication-title: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics doi: 10.1016/0169-8141(93)90028-C contributor: fullname: Dahalan – start-page: 587 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib12 article-title: The effect of sitting on peak pinch strength contributor: fullname: Palanisami – year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib4 article-title: Modeling of manual handling in unusual postures: Phase II publication-title: Final Report, University of Dayton, Contract No. RI-40779-3364-34 contributor: fullname: Ayoub – start-page: 59 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib2 article-title: Upper-extremity posture: Definition, measurement and control contributor: fullname: Armstrong – start-page: 554 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib16 article-title: Effect of grip span, wrist position, hand and gender on grip strength contributor: fullname: Ramakrishnan – start-page: 544 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib13 article-title: A study of the effect of a ‘Resting Splint’ on peak grip strength contributor: fullname: Perez-Balke – start-page: 791 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib11 article-title: Grip strength as a function of forearm rotation and elbow posture contributor: fullname: Marley – volume: 46 start-page: 211 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib15 article-title: Assessment of hand vibration exposure on an assembly line publication-title: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal doi: 10.1080/15298668591394680 contributor: fullname: Radwin – year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00105-0_bib18 contributor: fullname: Silverstein |
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| Title | The effect of upper-extremity posture on maximum grip strength |
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