Growth Hormone Treatment of Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Growth Hormone Deficiency Improves Lean Body Mass, Fractional Body Fat, and Serum Triiodothyronine without Glucose Impairment: Results from the United States Multicenter Trial
Context: GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies. Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate t...
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Published in | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 93; no. 4; pp. 1238 - 1245 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Bethesda, MD
Endocrine Society
01.04.2008
Copyright by The Endocrine Society |
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Abstract | Context: GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies.
Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GH in GH-deficient genotype-positive PWS adults.
Design: We conducted a 12-month open-label multicenter trial with 6-month dose-optimization and 6-month stable treatment periods.
Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient treatment facilities at four U.S. academic medical centers.
Patients: Lean and obese PWS adults with diverse cognitive skills, behavioral traits, and living arrangements were recruited from clinical populations.
Intervention: Human recombinant GH (Genotropin) was initiated at 0.2 mg/d with monthly 0.2-mg increments to a maximum 1.0 mg/d, as tolerated.
Main Outcomes Measures: Lean body mass and percent fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
Results: Lean body mass increased from 42.65 ± 2.25 (se) to 45.47 ± 2.31 kg (P ≤ 0.0001), and percent fat decreased from 42.84 ± 1.12 to 39.95 ± 1.34% (P = 0.025) at a median final dose of 0.6 mg/d in 30 study subjects who completed 6–12 months of GH. Mean fasting glucose of 85.3 ± 3.4 mg/dl, hemoglobin A1c of 5.5 ± 0.2%, fasting insulin of 5.3 ± 0.6 μU/ml, area under the curve for insulin of 60.4 ± 7.5 μU/ml, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of 1.1 ± 0.2 were normal at baseline in 38 study initiators, including five diabetics, and remained in normal range. Total T3 increased 26.7% from 127.0 ± 7.8 to 150.5 ± 7.8 ng/dl (P = 0.021) with normalization in all subjects, including six (20%) with baseline T3 values at least 2 sd below the mean. Mildly progressive ankle edema was the most serious treatment-emergent adverse event (five patients).
Conclusions: This multicenter study demonstrates that GH improves body composition, normalizes T3, and is well tolerated without glucose impairment in PWS genotype adults. |
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AbstractList | CONTEXTGH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies.OBJECTIVESOur objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GH in GH-deficient genotype-positive PWS adults.DESIGNWe conducted a 12-month open-label multicenter trial with 6-month dose-optimization and 6-month stable treatment periods.SETTINGThe study was conducted at outpatient treatment facilities at four U.S. academic medical centers.PATIENTSLean and obese PWS adults with diverse cognitive skills, behavioral traits, and living arrangements were recruited from clinical populations.INTERVENTIONHuman recombinant GH (Genotropin) was initiated at 0.2 mg/d with monthly 0.2-mg increments to a maximum 1.0 mg/d, as tolerated.MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURESLean body mass and percent fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.RESULTSLean body mass increased from 42.65 +/- 2.25 (se) to 45.47 +/- 2.31 kg (P < or = 0.0001), and percent fat decreased from 42.84 +/- 1.12 to 39.95 +/- 1.34% (P = 0.025) at a median final dose of 0.6 mg/d in 30 study subjects who completed 6-12 months of GH. Mean fasting glucose of 85.3 +/- 3.4 mg/dl, hemoglobin A1c of 5.5 +/- 0.2%, fasting insulin of 5.3 +/- 0.6 microU/ml, area under the curve for insulin of 60.4 +/- 7.5 microU/ml, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of 1.1 +/- 0.2 were normal at baseline in 38 study initiators, including five diabetics, and remained in normal range. Total T(3) increased 26.7% from 127.0 +/- 7.8 to 150.5 +/- 7.8 ng/dl (P = 0.021) with normalization in all subjects, including six (20%) with baseline T(3) values at least 2 sd below the mean. Mildly progressive ankle edema was the most serious treatment-emergent adverse event (five patients).CONCLUSIONSThis multicenter study demonstrates that GH improves body composition, normalizes T(3), and is well tolerated without glucose impairment in PWS genotype adults. CONTEXT:GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies. OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GH in GH-deficient genotype-positive PWS adults. DESIGN:We conducted a 12-month open-label multicenter trial with 6-month dose-optimization and 6-month stable treatment periods. SETTING:The study was conducted at outpatient treatment facilities at four U.S. academic medical centers. PATIENTS:Lean and obese PWS adults with diverse cognitive skills, behavioral traits, and living arrangements were recruited from clinical populations. INTERVENTION:Human recombinant GH (Genotropin) was initiated at 0.2 mg/d with monthly 0.2-mg increments to a maximum 1.0 mg/d, as tolerated. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:Lean body mass and percent fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS:Lean body mass increased from 42.65 ± 2.25 (se) to 45.47 ± 2.31 kg (P ≤ 0.0001), and percent fat decreased from 42.84 ± 1.12 to 39.95 ± 1.34% (P = 0.025) at a median final dose of 0.6 mg/d in 30 study subjects who completed 6-12 months of GH. Mean fasting glucose of 85.3 ± 3.4 mg/dl, hemoglobin A1c of 5.5 ± 0.2%, fasting insulin of 5.3 ± 0.6 μU/ml, area under the curve for insulin of 60.4 ± 7.5 μU/ml, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of 1.1 ± 0.2 were normal at baseline in 38 study initiators, including five diabetics, and remained in normal range. Total T3 increased 26.7% from 127.0 ± 7.8 to 150.5 ± 7.8 ng/dl (P = 0.021) with normalization in all subjects, including six (20%) with baseline T3 values at least 2 sd below the mean. Mildly progressive ankle edema was the most serious treatment-emergent adverse event (five patients). CONCLUSIONS:This multicenter study demonstrates that GH improves body composition, normalizes T3, and is well tolerated without glucose impairment in PWS genotype adults. GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been limited by documentation of benefits and risks, as determined by larger multisite studies. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GH in GH-deficient genotype-positive PWS adults. We conducted a 12-month open-label multicenter trial with 6-month dose-optimization and 6-month stable treatment periods. The study was conducted at outpatient treatment facilities at four U.S. academic medical centers. Lean and obese PWS adults with diverse cognitive skills, behavioral traits, and living arrangements were recruited from clinical populations. Human recombinant GH (Genotropin) was initiated at 0.2 mg/d with monthly 0.2-mg increments to a maximum 1.0 mg/d, as tolerated. Lean body mass and percent fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Lean body mass increased from 42.65 +/- 2.25 (se) to 45.47 +/- 2.31 kg (P < or = 0.0001), and percent fat decreased from 42.84 +/- 1.12 to 39.95 +/- 1.34% (P = 0.025) at a median final dose of 0.6 mg/d in 30 study subjects who completed 6-12 months of GH. Mean fasting glucose of 85.3 +/- 3.4 mg/dl, hemoglobin A1c of 5.5 +/- 0.2%, fasting insulin of 5.3 +/- 0.6 microU/ml, area under the curve for insulin of 60.4 +/- 7.5 microU/ml, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of 1.1 +/- 0.2 were normal at baseline in 38 study initiators, including five diabetics, and remained in normal range. Total T(3) increased 26.7% from 127.0 +/- 7.8 to 150.5 +/- 7.8 ng/dl (P = 0.021) with normalization in all subjects, including six (20%) with baseline T(3) values at least 2 sd below the mean. Mildly progressive ankle edema was the most serious treatment-emergent adverse event (five patients). This multicenter study demonstrates that GH improves body composition, normalizes T(3), and is well tolerated without glucose impairment in PWS genotype adults. |
Author | Mogul, Harriette R Southren, A. Louis Myers, Susan Whitman, Barbara Y Pinyerd, Belinda Frey, Michael Cahan, Mindy Zipf, William B Lee, Phillip D. K |
AuthorAffiliation | Departments of Medicine (H.R.M., A.L.S.) and Pediatrics (M.F.), New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595; Department of Pediatrics (P.D.K.L., M.C.), David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095; Department of Pediatrics (B.Y.W., S.M.), St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63104; and Department of Pediatrics (W.B.Z., B.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Departments of Medicine (H.R.M., A.L.S.) and Pediatrics (M.F.), New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595; Department of Pediatrics (P.D.K.L., M.C.), David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095; Department of Pediatrics (B.Y.W., S.M.), St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63104; and Department of Pediatrics (W.B.Z., B.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Harriette R surname: Mogul fullname: Mogul, Harriette R – sequence: 2 givenname: Phillip D. K surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Phillip D. K – sequence: 3 givenname: Barbara Y surname: Whitman fullname: Whitman, Barbara Y – sequence: 4 givenname: William B surname: Zipf fullname: Zipf, William B – sequence: 5 givenname: Michael surname: Frey fullname: Frey, Michael – sequence: 6 givenname: Susan surname: Myers fullname: Myers, Susan – sequence: 7 givenname: Mindy surname: Cahan fullname: Cahan, Mindy – sequence: 8 givenname: Belinda surname: Pinyerd fullname: Pinyerd, Belinda – sequence: 9 givenname: A. Louis surname: Southren fullname: Southren, A. Louis |
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Keywords | Endocrinopathy Adipose tissue Multicenter study Diseases of the osteoarticular system Glucose Fat mass Result Improvement Lean body mass Adult Clinical trial Serum Triiodothyronine Complex syndrome Prader Labhart Willi syndrome Nutritional status Human Deficiency Nutrition disorder Metabolic diseases Genetic disease Somatotropin Treatment Adenohypophyseal hormone Thyroid hormone Endocrinology |
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Snippet | Context: GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults... CONTEXT:GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has... GH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has been... CONTEXTGH replacement in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children has well-defined benefits and risks and is used extensively worldwide. Its use in PWS adults has... |
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SubjectTerms | Adipose Tissue - metabolism Adolescent Adult Biological and medical sciences Body Composition - drug effects Bone Density Endocrinopathies Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glucose - metabolism Human Growth Hormone - adverse effects Human Growth Hormone - deficiency Human Growth Hormone - therapeutic use Humans Insulin Resistance Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Prader-Willi Syndrome - drug therapy Prader-Willi Syndrome - metabolism Recombinant Proteins - adverse effects Recombinant Proteins - therapeutic use Triiodothyronine - blood Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Vertebrates: endocrinology |
Title | Growth Hormone Treatment of Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Growth Hormone Deficiency Improves Lean Body Mass, Fractional Body Fat, and Serum Triiodothyronine without Glucose Impairment: Results from the United States Multicenter Trial |
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