Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Durotaxis Depends on Substrate Stiffness Gradient Strength
Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed duro...
Saved in:
Published in | Biophysical journal Vol. 97; no. 5; pp. 1313 - 1322 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
02.09.2009
Biophysical Society The Biophysical Society |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed durotaxis, remains ill-defined. To address this problem, we studied the morphology and motility of vascular smooth muscle cells on well-defined stiffness gradients. Baselines for cell spreading, polarization, and random motility on uniform gels with moduli ranging from 5 to 80 kPa were found to increase with increasing stiffness. Subsequent analysis of the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient substrata (0–4 kPa/100
μm, with absolute moduli of 1–80 kPa) demonstrated that the morphology on gradient gels correlated with the absolute modulus. In contrast, durotaxis (evaluated quantitatively as the tactic index for a biased persistent random walk) and cell orientation with respect to the gradient both increased with increasing magnitude of gradient, but were independent of the absolute modulus. These observations provide a foundation for establishing quantitative relationships between gradients in substrate stiffness and cell response. Moreover, these results reveal common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic gradients, motivating further mechanistic studies of how cells integrate and respond to multiple complex signals. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed durotaxis, remains ill-defined. To address this problem, we studied the morphology and motility of vascular smooth muscle cells on well-defined stiffness gradients. Baselines for cell spreading, polarization, and random motility on uniform gels with moduli ranging from 5 to 80 kPa were found to increase with increasing stiffness. Subsequent analysis of the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient substrata (0-4 kPa/100 mum, with absolute moduli of 1-80 kPa) demonstrated that the morphology on gradient gels correlated with the absolute modulus. In contrast, durotaxis (evaluated quantitatively as the tactic index for a biased persistent random walk) and cell orientation with respect to the gradient both increased with increasing magnitude of gradient, but were independent of the absolute modulus. These observations provide a foundation for establishing quantitative relationships between gradients in substrate stiffness and cell response. Moreover, these results reveal common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic gradients, motivating further mechanistic studies of how cells integrate and respond to multiple complex signals. Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed durotaxis, remains ill-defined. To address this problem, we studied the morphology and motility of vascular smooth muscle cells on well-defined stiffness gradients. Baselines for cell spreading, polarization, and random motility on uniform gels with moduli ranging from 5 to 80 kPa were found to increase with increasing stiffness. Subsequent analysis of the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient substrata (0–4 kPa/100 μ m, with absolute moduli of 1–80 kPa) demonstrated that the morphology on gradient gels correlated with the absolute modulus. In contrast, durotaxis (evaluated quantitatively as the tactic index for a biased persistent random walk) and cell orientation with respect to the gradient both increased with increasing magnitude of gradient, but were independent of the absolute modulus. These observations provide a foundation for establishing quantitative relationships between gradients in substrate stiffness and cell response. Moreover, these results reveal common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic gradients, motivating further mechanistic studies of how cells integrate and respond to multiple complex signals. Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed durotaxis, remains ill-defined. To address this problem, we studied the morphology and motility of vascular smooth muscle cells on well-defined stiffness gradients. Baselines for cell spreading, polarization, and random motility on uniform gels with moduli ranging from 5 to 80 kPa were found to increase with increasing stiffness. Subsequent analysis of the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient substrata (0–4 kPa/100 μm, with absolute moduli of 1–80 kPa) demonstrated that the morphology on gradient gels correlated with the absolute modulus. In contrast, durotaxis (evaluated quantitatively as the tactic index for a biased persistent random walk) and cell orientation with respect to the gradient both increased with increasing magnitude of gradient, but were independent of the absolute modulus. These observations provide a foundation for establishing quantitative relationships between gradients in substrate stiffness and cell response. Moreover, these results reveal common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic gradients, motivating further mechanistic studies of how cells integrate and respond to multiple complex signals. Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro studies have shown that cells preferentially migrate from less stiff to more stiff substrates; however, much of this phenomenon, termed durotaxis, remains ill-defined. To address this problem, we studied the morphology and motility of vascular smooth muscle cells on well-defined stiffness gradients. Baselines for cell spreading, polarization, and random motility on uniform gels with moduli ranging from 5 to 80 kPa were found to increase with increasing stiffness. Subsequent analysis of the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient substrata (0 - 4 kPa/100 ...m, with absolute moduli of 1 - 80 kPa) demonstrated that the morphology on gradient gels correlated with the absolute modulus. In contrast, durotaxis (evaluated quantitatively as the tactic index for a biased persistent random walk) and cell orientation with respect to the gradient both increased with increasing magnitude of gradient, but were independent of the absolute modulus. These observations provide a foundation for establishing quantitative relationships between gradients in substrate stiffness and cell response. Moreover, these results reveal common features of phenomenological cell response to chemotactic and durotactic gradients, motivating further mechanistic studies of how cells integrate and respond to multiple complex signals. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) |
Author | Wong, Joyce Y. Kim, Sooyoung Isenberg, Brett C. Walker, Matthew DiMilla, Paul A. |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts – name: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Brett C. surname: Isenberg fullname: Isenberg, Brett C. organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 2 givenname: Paul A. surname: DiMilla fullname: DiMilla, Paul A. email: p.dimilla@neu.edu organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 3 givenname: Matthew surname: Walker fullname: Walker, Matthew organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 4 givenname: Sooyoung surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Sooyoung organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 5 givenname: Joyce Y. surname: Wong fullname: Wong, Joyce Y. email: jywong@bu.edu organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19720019$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNp9UU1r3DAUFCWh2aT9Ab0U07vdJ1mSLQqFsknTQkIO2-YqZPk5K-O1tpIc2n9fhV36cQk8EDzNzBtmzsnJ7Gck5A2FigKV78eq248VA1AVyAoYfUFWVHBWArTyhKwAQJY1V-KMnMc4AlAmgL4kZ1Q1mUXVitzfm2iXyYRis_M-bYvbJdoJizVOU3G5BJ_MTxeLS9zj3MfCz8Vm6WIKJmGxSW4YZoyxuA6mdzinvAo4P6TtK3I6mCni6-N7Qb5_vvq2_lLe3F1_XX-6KS3nIpUWa1bbflCCYy1UL7P7hnLaKuCgGOXd0NmmEwJkBzVrW2Qt53Wr6NAr2aj6gnw86O6Xboe9zR6CmfQ-uJ0Jv7Q3Tv__M7utfvCPmjVc5ckC744Cwf9YMCY9-iXM2bNmVEglBYcMogeQDT7GgMOfAxT0UxN61LkJ_dSEBqlzE5nz9l9nfxnH6DPgwwGAOZ9Hh0FHmzO02LuANuneu2fkfwNotZr4 |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1021_bm200415g crossref_primary_10_1039_c1jm11372k crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_012_0237_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2022_01_025 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2020_609653 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2022_01_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2011_06_051 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejcb_2021_151178 crossref_primary_10_2217_fon_2016_0501 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgene_2015_00112 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0064560 crossref_primary_10_3109_07388551_2014_993588 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2011_06_049 crossref_primary_10_1166_jbn_2020_2997 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2020_120548 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2020_09_037 crossref_primary_10_1039_C8SM02564A crossref_primary_10_1089_ten_teb_2010_0520 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_msec_2016_11_100 crossref_primary_10_1021_bm300949k crossref_primary_10_3390_cells5020017 crossref_primary_10_1083_jcb_201004082 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copbio_2016_03_004 crossref_primary_10_1002_bit_26010 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_aaf7119 crossref_primary_10_1299_jbse_22_00474 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11538_020_00721_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matbio_2014_11_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2019_01_009 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41563_022_01294_2 crossref_primary_10_1039_C4BM00262H crossref_primary_10_1038_s41567_022_01835_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2012_06_006 crossref_primary_10_1039_D0BM01255F crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_201901445 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_msec_2017_03_055 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2011_01_009 crossref_primary_10_1088_1758_5090_ad2b05 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2011_09_042 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfb_2019_03_031 crossref_primary_10_1021_am405673h crossref_primary_10_1007_s10439_014_1142_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ceb_2013_04_010 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers12082177 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10974_019_09531_z crossref_primary_10_1039_C5SM00649J crossref_primary_10_1103_RevModPhys_85_1327 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11431_023_2588_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2014_11_030 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yexcr_2013_07_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_devcel_2020_11_019 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_013_0278_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21238932 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2019_01_034 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevE_100_042608 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yexcr_2017_08_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yexcr_2016_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_semcancer_2010_04_004 crossref_primary_10_1002_admi_202001198 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copbio_2011_04_007 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0110453 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tcb_2010_08_015 crossref_primary_10_1242_jcs_242909 crossref_primary_10_1021_la501058j crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevLett_118_078103 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ceb_2014_06_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiec_2017_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmps_2017_10_009 crossref_primary_10_1152_ajpcell_00339_2021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2017_08_033 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matt_2022_07_002 crossref_primary_10_1002_jbm_a_34543 crossref_primary_10_1101_sqb_2016_81_030817 crossref_primary_10_2142_biophysico_bppb_v19_0036 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_76408 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsabm_1c00489 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4893914 crossref_primary_10_3390_gels8080496 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biosystems_2010_11_009 crossref_primary_10_1039_c1ib00043h crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2018_01_039 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevE_97_052401 crossref_primary_10_3389_fams_2021_799650 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matbio_2015_09_005 crossref_primary_10_1088_2057_1976_abd67f crossref_primary_10_1111_jcmm_13656 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2014_06_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2011_09_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tcb_2016_03_007 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcb_23241 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2020_06_043 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_013_0296_5 crossref_primary_10_1039_c1sm05163f crossref_primary_10_3389_fcell_2022_946754 crossref_primary_10_1002_mabi_201100264 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2020_04_016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11517_010_0619_9 crossref_primary_10_2142_biophys_57_135 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers14122887 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1618239114 crossref_primary_10_1002_anbr_202100159 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_matsci_070511_155050 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2012_04_014 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2013_06_027 crossref_primary_10_1242_jcs_229013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mbs_2016_02_011 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemrev_0c00752 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_201505300 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11517_015_1343_2 crossref_primary_10_1557_mrc_2018_2 crossref_primary_10_1002_agm2_12099 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10237_018_1001_3 crossref_primary_10_1039_c1ib00069a crossref_primary_10_3762_bjnano_7_155 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13770_016_0026_x crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1611324113 crossref_primary_10_1083_jcb_201205056 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfb_2016_07_008 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202310325 crossref_primary_10_1088_1478_3975_aadc37 crossref_primary_10_1242_dev_132654 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pharmthera_2016_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_6b06309 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevResearch_6_013327 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2010_11_071 crossref_primary_10_1038_ncomms16096 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10237_023_01777_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2017_11_3785 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11340_018_0416_1 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9SM01226E crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2013_08_027 crossref_primary_10_1002_adem_201180087 crossref_primary_10_1117_1_JMM_11_1_013013 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10237_022_01601_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2020_101488 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_201304607 crossref_primary_10_1039_c3ib40230d crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2021_03_032 crossref_primary_10_1088_0034_4885_73_9_094601 crossref_primary_10_1111_prd_12030 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eml_2024_102150 crossref_primary_10_1039_C2SM27163J crossref_primary_10_1007_s00285_019_01344_5 crossref_primary_10_1242_jcs_261919 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2020_07_039 crossref_primary_10_1089_ten_teb_2013_0782 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevE_96_010402 crossref_primary_10_1002_cbin_10764 crossref_primary_10_1021_la200229h crossref_primary_10_1088_0034_4885_75_11_116601 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_langmuir_8b02529 crossref_primary_10_1002_cbin_12156 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_63258 crossref_primary_10_3390_bioengineering8030037 crossref_primary_10_1002_mabi_201400246 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2019_07_022 crossref_primary_10_3233_BME_211356 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_aaz0868 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pcbi_1003959 crossref_primary_10_1002_term_2586 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5019196 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00249_015_1096_8 crossref_primary_10_1152_ajplung_00062_2015 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_201203580 crossref_primary_10_1089_ten_tea_2016_0164 crossref_primary_10_1115_1_4025114 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202100102 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21155399 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_0c01893 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_014_0338_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2021_120797 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6SM00582A crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_langmuir_1c00430 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0035852 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2015_00363 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copbio_2013_11_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cma_2024_116916 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0219519414500274 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3582162 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2010_02_025 crossref_primary_10_1115_1_4039175 crossref_primary_10_1002_cm_21080 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21186560 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_201100934 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_9b12430 crossref_primary_10_1021_bm101549y crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_201808967 crossref_primary_10_1039_C3CS60040H crossref_primary_10_1557_mrs_2013_311 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_013_0307_6 crossref_primary_10_4161_cam_21076 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202108057 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_7b18312 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2012_10_036 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsbiomaterials_6b00633 crossref_primary_10_1002_ecj_12321 crossref_primary_10_1021_bm200869p crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0050443 crossref_primary_10_1002_anbr_202100059 crossref_primary_10_1002_bit_24810 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbiotec_2014_11_008 crossref_primary_10_1142_S2047684112500327 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2010_02_035 crossref_primary_10_1039_C2LC41117B crossref_primary_10_1074_jbc_M112_435271 crossref_primary_10_1080_09168451_2017_1289074 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_drudis_2014_01_015 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10237_013_0506_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s10867_019_09536_2 crossref_primary_10_1088_1478_3975_ab39c7 crossref_primary_10_1089_ten_tea_2013_0455 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcp_25271 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmbbm_2014_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1091_mbc_e17_03_0134 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsbiomaterials_8b01365 crossref_primary_10_1177_1358863X14550542 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_201202520 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2022_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1155_2013_782549 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2017_11_3813 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_201900071 crossref_primary_10_1002_jbm_a_32974 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtla_2020_100968 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2012_03_005 crossref_primary_10_1091_mbc_e17_02_0126 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2020_120189 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfb_2020_111388 crossref_primary_10_1098_rsif_2014_0734 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0023807 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2017_01_042 crossref_primary_10_1039_D2SM01326F crossref_primary_10_1083_jcb_200909003 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_018_38395_5 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_18995_4 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0015978 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6TB03400D crossref_primary_10_1002_biot_201200205 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12195_010_0142_y crossref_primary_10_1002_jbm_b_33905 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2013_03_075 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbagen_2019_03_010 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcp_22202 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2010_01_101 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tcb_2020_08_002 crossref_primary_10_3390_s17092048 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2018_05_046 crossref_primary_10_1098_rspa_2011_0229 crossref_primary_10_1515_ntrev_2019_0005 crossref_primary_10_15252_embr_202051094 crossref_primary_10_1038_nn_4394 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1117810109 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0025534 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2014_12_023 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202309676 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_023_05554_y crossref_primary_10_1115_1_4029210 crossref_primary_10_1002_jbm_a_32834 crossref_primary_10_1152_physiol_00024_2013 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_201901036 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemrev_7b00094 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2019_119647 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0024316 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0133117 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apsusc_2018_11_241 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2012_06_057 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40824_018_0124_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbiomech_2015_07_029 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10974_019_09529_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2022_03_048 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcell_2023_1155882 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eurpolymj_2016_03_020 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemrev_0c00342 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2012_08_007 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0075537 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2010_09_045 crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6633_ab1628 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tcb_2015_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_201400274 |
Cites_doi | 10.1007/s12195-009-0052-z 10.1126/science.1137904 10.1021/nl801483w 10.1073/pnas.201201198 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.08.009 10.1021/la026403p 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.08.015 10.1002/adma.200400883 10.1152/physrev.1946.26.3.319 10.1016/S0006-3495(70)86347-0 10.1529/biophysj.107.127662 10.1023/A:1004457532183 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5 10.1088/0967-3334/23/4/304 10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.05.019 10.1152/ajpheart.01017.2005 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90049-F 10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74140-5 10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.04.005 10.1002/aic.690380712 10.1038/nbt712 10.1016/0009-2509(89)85098-5 10.1073/pnas.94.25.13661 10.1039/b703376a 10.1002/jcp.20274 10.1021/la000600b 10.1073/pnas.192457199 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74752-3 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00058-3 10.1002/cm.970160407 10.1007/BF02347059 10.1007/BF00277392 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.179 10.1557/JMR.2008.0185 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.10.014 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.01.008 10.1529/biophysj.108.134627 10.1002/jbm.a.10585 10.1038/nature07765 10.1021/ac001132d 10.1021/la9713006 10.1083/jcb.75.2.606 10.1083/jcb.106.2.303 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.09.021 10.1529/biophysj.106.101386 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2009 Biophysical Society Copyright Biophysical Society Sep 2, 2009 2009 by the Biophysical Society.. 2009 Biophysical Society |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 2009 Biophysical Society – notice: Copyright Biophysical Society Sep 2, 2009 – notice: 2009 by the Biophysical Society.. 2009 Biophysical Society |
DBID | 6I. AAFTH CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 7QO 7QP 7TK 7TM 7U9 8FD FR3 H94 K9. P64 5PM |
DOI | 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021 |
DatabaseName | ScienceDirect Open Access Titles Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef Biotechnology Research Abstracts Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts Neurosciences Abstracts Nucleic Acids Abstracts Virology and AIDS Abstracts Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef Virology and AIDS Abstracts Biotechnology Research Abstracts Technology Research Database Nucleic Acids Abstracts AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Engineering Research Database Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts Neurosciences Abstracts Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE Virology and AIDS Abstracts |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Biology |
EISSN | 1542-0086 |
EndPage | 1322 |
ExternalDocumentID | 1857231061 10_1016_j_bpj_2009_06_021 19720019 S0006349509011540 |
Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R01 HL072900 – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R01 HL72900 |
GroupedDBID | --- --K -DZ -~X .55 .GJ 0R~ 23N 2WC 3O- 3V. 4.4 457 53G 5GY 5RE 62- 6I. 6J9 6TJ 7X2 7X7 88A 88E 88I 8AF 8AO 8FE 8FG 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8G5 8R4 8R5 AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAFTH AAIAV AAIKJ AAKRW AALRI AAQXK AAUCE AAVLU AAXJY AAXUO ABJNI ABMAC ABMWF ABUWG ABVKL ACBEA ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACIWK ACNCT ACPRK ADBBV ADEZE ADJPV ADMUD AENEX AEXQZ AFKRA AFRAH AFTJW AGHFR AGKMS AHMBA AHPSJ AI. AITUG ALKID ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ AOIJS ARAPS ASPBG ATCPS AVWKF AYCSE AZFZN AZQEC BAWUL BBNVY BENPR BGLVJ BHPHI BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CS3 D0L DIK DU5 DWQXO E3Z EBS EJD F20 F5P FCP FDB FEDTE FGOYB FRP FYUFA G-2 GNUQQ GUQSH GX1 HCIFZ HMCUK HVGLF HX~ HYE HZ~ IH2 IXB JIG KQ8 L7B LK8 M0K M0L M1P M2O M2P M2Q M41 M7P MVM N9A NCXOZ O-L O9- OK1 OZT P2P P62 PQQKQ PRG PROAC PSQYO Q2X R2- RCE RIG RNS ROL RPM RWL S0X SES SSZ TAE TBP TN5 UKHRP UKR VH1 WH7 WOQ WOW WQ6 X7M YNY YWH YYP ZA5 ZGI ZXP ~02 ~KM 0SF AAMRU ADVLN AKAPO AKRWK ALIPV CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION H13 7QO 7QP 7TK 7TM 7U9 8FD FR3 H94 K9. P64 5PM |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-ce323cdf954e359d61547141890409214bfbc7b5506b03288e28443891fd96793 |
IEDL.DBID | RPM |
ISSN | 0006-3495 |
IngestDate | Tue Sep 17 21:18:47 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 24 21:49:03 EDT 2024 Thu Sep 26 20:44:01 EDT 2024 Wed Oct 09 10:18:00 EDT 2024 Fri Feb 23 02:25:06 EST 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 5 |
Language | English |
License | http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0 This document may be redistributed and reused, subject to certain conditions. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c445t-ce323cdf954e359d61547141890409214bfbc7b5506b03288e28443891fd96793 |
OpenAccessLink | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006349509011540 |
PMID | 19720019 |
PQID | 215696540 |
PQPubID | 7454 |
PageCount | 10 |
ParticipantIDs | pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_2749749 proquest_journals_215696540 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2009_06_021 pubmed_primary_19720019 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_bpj_2009_06_021 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2009-09-02 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2009-09-02 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2009 text: 2009-09-02 day: 02 |
PublicationDecade | 2000 |
PublicationPlace | United States |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States – name: New York |
PublicationTitle | Biophysical journal |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Biophys J |
PublicationYear | 2009 |
Publisher | Elsevier Inc Biophysical Society The Biophysical Society |
Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Inc – name: Biophysical Society – name: The Biophysical Society |
References | Domingo (bib13) 1990; 189 Arnold, Hirschfeld-Warneken, Lohmuller, Heil, Blummel (bib42) 2008; 8 Jeon, Dertinger, Chiu, Choi, Stroock (bib15) 2000; 16 Pelham, Wang (bib6) 1997; 94 Dunn (bib28) 1983; 12 Kaufman, Miller, Morgan, Klapperich (bib32) 2008; 23 Benguigui (bib33) 1995; 5 Bray (bib35) 2001 Zigmond (bib37) 1977; 75 Dertinger, Chiu, Jeon, Whitesides (bib14) 2001; 73 Moreo, Garcia-Aznar, Doblare (bib49) 2008; 4 Solon, Levental, Sengupta, Georges, Janmey (bib46) 2007; 93 Schwarz, Erdmann, Bischofs (bib34) 2006; 83 Tsukruk, Huang, Chizhik, Gorbunov (bib23) 1998; 33 Domke, Radmacher (bib24) 1998; 14 McClutcheon (bib20) 1946; 26 Engler, Bacakova, Newman, Hategan, Griffin (bib3) 2004; 86 Rivero, Tranquillo, Buettner, Lauffenburger (bib39) 1989; 44 Press, Flannery, Teukolsky, Vetterling (bib31) 1992 Giannone, Dubin-Thaler, Dobereiner, Kieffer, Bresnick (bib43) 2004; 116 Engler, Richert, Wong, Picart, Discher (bib25) 2004; 570 Tranquillo, Lauffenburger, Zigmond (bib36) 1988; 106 Sen, Engler, Discher (bib44) 2009; 2 Matsumoto, Abe, Ohashi, Kato, Sato (bib19) 2002; 23 Jeon, Baskaran, Dertinger, Whitesides, Van de Water (bib16) 2002; 20 Berry, Engler, Woo, Pirolli, Bish (bib1) 2006; 290 DeLong, Moon, West (bib40) 2005; 26 Reinhart-King, Dembo, Hammer (bib45) 2008; 95 Kidoaki, Matsuda (bib11) 2008; 133 DiMilla, Quinn, Albelda, Lauffenburger (bib27) 1992; 38 Lazopoulos, Stamenovic (bib48) 2008; 41 Gaudet, Marganski, Kim, Brown, Gunderia (bib26) 2003; 85 Smith, Elkin, Reichert (bib38) 2006; 312 Lo, Wang, Dembo, Wang (bib10) 2000; 79 Lauffenburger, Linderman (bib30) 1993 Ni, Chiang (bib50) 2007; 3 Thomas, DiMilla (bib4) 2000; 38 Allioux-Guerin, Icard-Arcizet, Durieux, Henon, Gallet (bib47) 2008; 96 Gray, Tien, Chen (bib5) 2003; 66A Wong, Velasco, Rajagopalan, Pham (bib8) 2003; 19 Dertinger, Jiang, Li, Murthy, Whitesides (bib17) 2002; 99 Peyton, Putnam (bib7) 2005; 204 Brown, Ookawa, Wong (bib2) 2005; 26 Mammoto, Connor, Mammoto, Yung, Huh (bib9) 2009; 457 Galbraith, Yamada, Galbraith (bib41) 2007; 315 Othmer, Dunbar, Alt (bib21) 1988; 26 Farrell, Daniele, Lauffenburger (bib22) 1990; 16 Wang, Dembo, Hanks, Wang (bib12) 2001; 98 Gail, Boone (bib29) 1970; 10 Zaari, Rajagopalan, Kim, Engler, Wong (bib18) 2004; 16 Kidoaki (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib11) 2008; 133 DiMilla (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib27) 1992; 38 DeLong (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib40) 2005; 26 Sen (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib44) 2009; 2 Matsumoto (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib19) 2002; 23 Reinhart-King (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib45) 2008; 95 Wong (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib8) 2003; 19 Jeon (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib15) 2000; 16 Schwarz (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib34) 2006; 83 Smith (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib38) 2006; 312 Dertinger (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib17) 2002; 99 Pelham (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib6) 1997; 94 Dunn (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib28) 1983; 12 Kaufman (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib32) 2008; 23 Arnold (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib42) 2008; 8 Benguigui (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib33) 1995; 5 Press (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib31) 1992 Solon (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib46) 2007; 93 Jeon (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib16) 2002; 20 Farrell (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib22) 1990; 16 Ni (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib50) 2007; 3 Gray (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib5) 2003; 66A Tsukruk (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib23) 1998; 33 Lo (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib10) 2000; 79 Domke (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib24) 1998; 14 Berry (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib1) 2006; 290 Zaari (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib18) 2004; 16 Engler (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib25) 2004; 570 Engler (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib3) 2004; 86 Peyton (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib7) 2005; 204 Dertinger (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib14) 2001; 73 Othmer (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib21) 1988; 26 Brown (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib2) 2005; 26 Domingo (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib13) 1990; 189 Gaudet (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib26) 2003; 85 Giannone (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib43) 2004; 116 Bray (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib35) 2001 Lazopoulos (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib48) 2008; 41 Wang (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib12) 2001; 98 Galbraith (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib41) 2007; 315 Rivero (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib39) 1989; 44 Zigmond (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib37) 1977; 75 Allioux-Guerin (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib47) 2008; 96 Tranquillo (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib36) 1988; 106 Moreo (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib49) 2008; 4 Lauffenburger (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib30) 1993 Thomas (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib4) 2000; 38 Mammoto (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib9) 2009; 457 Gail (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib29) 1970; 10 McClutcheon (10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib20) 1946; 26 |
References_xml | – volume: 94 start-page: 13661 year: 1997 end-page: 13665 ident: bib6 article-title: Cell locomotion and focal adhesions are regulated by substrate flexibility publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA contributor: fullname: Wang – volume: 26 start-page: 263 year: 1988 end-page: 298 ident: bib21 article-title: Models of dispersal in biological systems publication-title: J. Math. Biol. contributor: fullname: Alt – year: 2001 ident: bib35 article-title: Cell Movements: From Molecules to Motility contributor: fullname: Bray – volume: 312 start-page: 2424 year: 2006 end-page: 2432 ident: bib38 article-title: Directed cell migration on fibronectin gradients: effect of gradient slope publication-title: Exp. Cell Res. contributor: fullname: Reichert – volume: 23 start-page: 635 year: 2002 end-page: 648 ident: bib19 article-title: Local elastic modulus of atherosclerotic lesions of rabbit thoracic aortas measured by pipette aspiration method publication-title: Physiol. Meas contributor: fullname: Sato – volume: 83 start-page: 225 year: 2006 end-page: 232 ident: bib34 article-title: Focal adhesions as mechanosensors: the two-spring model publication-title: Biosystems contributor: fullname: Bischofs – volume: 290 start-page: H2196 year: 2006 end-page: H2203 ident: bib1 article-title: Mesenchymal stem cell injection after myocardial infarction improves myocardial compliance publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. contributor: fullname: Bish – volume: 116 start-page: 431 year: 2004 end-page: 443 ident: bib43 article-title: Periodic lamellipodial contractions correlate with rearward actin waves publication-title: Cell contributor: fullname: Bresnick – volume: 75 start-page: 606 year: 1977 end-page: 616 ident: bib37 article-title: Ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to orient in gradients of chemotactic factors publication-title: J. Cell Biol. contributor: fullname: Zigmond – volume: 5 start-page: 437 year: 1995 end-page: 443 ident: bib33 article-title: Comparison between the elasticity of polyacrylamide and polyacrylic gels publication-title: J. Phys. II France contributor: fullname: Benguigui – volume: 10 start-page: 980 year: 1970 end-page: 993 ident: bib29 article-title: The locomotion of mouse fibroblasts in tissue culture publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Boone – volume: 2 start-page: 39 year: 2009 end-page: 48 ident: bib44 article-title: Matrix strains induced by cells: computing how far cells can feel publication-title: Cell. Mol. Bioeng. contributor: fullname: Discher – volume: 106 start-page: 303 year: 1988 end-page: 309 ident: bib36 article-title: A stochastic model for leukocyte random motility and chemotaxis based on receptor binding fluctuations publication-title: J. Cell Biol. contributor: fullname: Zigmond – volume: 16 start-page: 8311 year: 2000 end-page: 8316 ident: bib15 article-title: Generation of solution and surface gradients using microfluidic systems publication-title: Langmuir contributor: fullname: Stroock – volume: 38 start-page: 1092 year: 1992 end-page: 1104 ident: bib27 article-title: Measurement of individual cell-migration parameters for human tissue-cells publication-title: AIChE. J. contributor: fullname: Lauffenburger – volume: 204 start-page: 198 year: 2005 end-page: 209 ident: bib7 article-title: Extracellular matrix rigidity governs smooth muscle cell motility in a biphasic fashion publication-title: J. Cell. Physiol. contributor: fullname: Putnam – volume: 66A start-page: 605 year: 2003 end-page: 614 ident: bib5 article-title: Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned Young's modulus publication-title: J. Biomed. Mater. Res. contributor: fullname: Chen – volume: 8 start-page: 2063 year: 2008 end-page: 2069 ident: bib42 article-title: Induction of cell polarization and migration by a gradient of nanoscale variations in adhesive ligand spacing publication-title: Nano Lett. contributor: fullname: Blummel – volume: 44 start-page: 2881 year: 1989 end-page: 2897 ident: bib39 article-title: Transport models for chemotactic cell populations based on individual cell behavior publication-title: Chem. Eng. Sci. contributor: fullname: Lauffenburger – volume: 26 start-page: 3227 year: 2005 end-page: 3234 ident: bib40 article-title: Covalently immobilized gradients of bFGF on hydrogel scaffolds for directed cell migration publication-title: Biomaterials contributor: fullname: West – volume: 19 start-page: 1908 year: 2003 end-page: 1913 ident: bib8 article-title: Directed movement of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient compliant hydrogels publication-title: Langmuir contributor: fullname: Pham – volume: 86 start-page: 617 year: 2004 end-page: 628 ident: bib3 article-title: Substrate compliance versus ligand density in cell on gel responses publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Griffin – volume: 570 start-page: 142 year: 2004 end-page: 154 ident: bib25 article-title: Surface probe measurements of the elasticity of sectioned tissue, thin gels and polyelectrolyte multilayer films: correlations between substrate stiffness and cell adhesion publication-title: Surf. Sci. contributor: fullname: Discher – volume: 23 start-page: 1472 year: 2008 end-page: 1481 ident: bib32 article-title: Time-dependent mechanical characterization of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels using nanoindentation and unconfined compression publication-title: J. Mater. Res. contributor: fullname: Klapperich – volume: 14 start-page: 3320 year: 1998 end-page: 3325 ident: bib24 article-title: Measuring the elastic properties of thin polymer films with the atomic force microscope publication-title: Langmuir contributor: fullname: Radmacher – volume: 33 start-page: 4905 year: 1998 end-page: 4909 ident: bib23 article-title: Probing of micromechanical properties of compliant polymeric materials publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. contributor: fullname: Gorbunov – year: 1992 ident: bib31 article-title: Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing contributor: fullname: Vetterling – volume: 457 start-page: 1103 year: 2009 end-page: 1108 ident: bib9 article-title: A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis publication-title: Nature contributor: fullname: Huh – volume: 4 start-page: 613 year: 2008 end-page: 621 ident: bib49 article-title: Modeling mechanosensing and its effect on the migration and proliferation of adherent cells publication-title: Acta Biomater contributor: fullname: Doblare – volume: 99 start-page: 12542 year: 2002 end-page: 12547 ident: bib17 article-title: Gradients of substrate-bound laminin orient axonal specification of neurons publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA contributor: fullname: Whitesides – volume: 79 start-page: 144 year: 2000 end-page: 152 ident: bib10 article-title: Cell movement is guided by the rigidity of the substrate publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Wang – volume: 189 start-page: 88 year: 1990 end-page: 90 ident: bib13 article-title: Exponential gradient maker using a disposable syringe publication-title: Anal. Biochem. contributor: fullname: Domingo – volume: 3 start-page: 1285 year: 2007 end-page: 1292 ident: bib50 article-title: Cell morphology and migration linked to substrate rigidity publication-title: Soft Matter contributor: fullname: Chiang – volume: 26 start-page: 319 year: 1946 end-page: 336 ident: bib20 article-title: Chemotaxis in leukocytes publication-title: Physiol. Rev. contributor: fullname: McClutcheon – volume: 95 start-page: 6044 year: 2008 end-page: 6051 ident: bib45 article-title: Cell-cell mechanical communication through compliant substrates publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Hammer – volume: 98 start-page: 11295 year: 2001 end-page: 11300 ident: bib12 article-title: Focal adhesion kinase is involved in mechanosensing during fibroblast migration publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA contributor: fullname: Wang – volume: 73 start-page: 1240 year: 2001 end-page: 1246 ident: bib14 article-title: Generation of gradients having complex shapes using microfluidic networks publication-title: Anal. Chem. contributor: fullname: Whitesides – volume: 93 start-page: 4453 year: 2007 end-page: 4461 ident: bib46 article-title: Fibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft elastic substrates publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Janmey – volume: 96 start-page: 238 year: 2008 end-page: 247 ident: bib47 article-title: Spatio-temporal analysis of cell response to a rigidity gradient: a quantitative study by multiple optical tweezers publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Gallet – volume: 315 start-page: 992 year: 2007 end-page: 995 ident: bib41 article-title: Polymerizing actin fibers position integrins primed to probe for adhesion sites publication-title: Science contributor: fullname: Galbraith – volume: 38 start-page: 360 year: 2000 end-page: 370 ident: bib4 article-title: Spreading and motility of human glioblastoma cells on sheets of silicone rubber depend on substratum compliance publication-title: Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. contributor: fullname: DiMilla – volume: 16 start-page: 2133 year: 2004 end-page: 2137 ident: bib18 article-title: Photopolymerization in microfluidic gradient generators: Microscale control of substrate compliance to manipulate cell response publication-title: Adv. Mater contributor: fullname: Wong – volume: 133 start-page: 225 year: 2008 end-page: 230 ident: bib11 article-title: Microelastic gradient gelatinous gels to induce cellular mechanotaxis publication-title: J. Biotechnol. contributor: fullname: Matsuda – volume: 26 start-page: 3123 year: 2005 end-page: 3129 ident: bib2 article-title: Evaluation of polydimethylsiloxane scaffolds with physiologically-relevant elastic moduli: interplay of substrate mechanics and surface chemistry effects on vascular smooth muscle cell response publication-title: Biomaterials contributor: fullname: Wong – volume: 20 start-page: 826 year: 2002 end-page: 830 ident: bib16 article-title: Neutrophil chemotaxis in linear and complex gradients of interleukin-8 formed in a microfabricated device publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. contributor: fullname: Van de Water – volume: 12 start-page: 14 year: 1983 end-page: 33 ident: bib28 article-title: Characterising a kinesis response: time averaged measures of cell speed and directional persistence publication-title: Agents Actions Suppl. contributor: fullname: Dunn – volume: 16 start-page: 279 year: 1990 end-page: 293 ident: bib22 article-title: Quantitative relationships between single-cell and cell-population model parameters for chemosensory migration responses of alveolar macrophages to C5a publication-title: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. contributor: fullname: Lauffenburger – volume: 41 start-page: 1289 year: 2008 end-page: 1294 ident: bib48 article-title: Durotaxis as an elastic stability phenomenon publication-title: J. Biomech. contributor: fullname: Stamenovic – volume: 85 start-page: 3329 year: 2003 end-page: 3335 ident: bib26 article-title: Influence of type I collagen surface density on fibroblast spreading, motility, and contractility publication-title: Biophys. J. contributor: fullname: Gunderia – year: 1993 ident: bib30 article-title: Receptors: Models for Binding, Trafficking, and Signalling contributor: fullname: Linderman – volume: 2 start-page: 39 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib44 article-title: Matrix strains induced by cells: computing how far cells can feel publication-title: Cell. Mol. Bioeng. doi: 10.1007/s12195-009-0052-z contributor: fullname: Sen – volume: 315 start-page: 992 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib41 article-title: Polymerizing actin fibers position integrins primed to probe for adhesion sites publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1137904 contributor: fullname: Galbraith – volume: 8 start-page: 2063 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib42 article-title: Induction of cell polarization and migration by a gradient of nanoscale variations in adhesive ligand spacing publication-title: Nano Lett. doi: 10.1021/nl801483w contributor: fullname: Arnold – volume: 98 start-page: 11295 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib12 article-title: Focal adhesion kinase is involved in mechanosensing during fibroblast migration publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.201201198 contributor: fullname: Wang – volume: 26 start-page: 3123 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib2 article-title: Evaluation of polydimethylsiloxane scaffolds with physiologically-relevant elastic moduli: interplay of substrate mechanics and surface chemistry effects on vascular smooth muscle cell response publication-title: Biomaterials doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.08.009 contributor: fullname: Brown – volume: 19 start-page: 1908 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib8 article-title: Directed movement of vascular smooth muscle cells on gradient compliant hydrogels publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/la026403p contributor: fullname: Wong – volume: 133 start-page: 225 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib11 article-title: Microelastic gradient gelatinous gels to induce cellular mechanotaxis publication-title: J. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.08.015 contributor: fullname: Kidoaki – volume: 16 start-page: 2133 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib18 article-title: Photopolymerization in microfluidic gradient generators: Microscale control of substrate compliance to manipulate cell response publication-title: Adv. Mater doi: 10.1002/adma.200400883 contributor: fullname: Zaari – volume: 26 start-page: 319 year: 1946 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib20 article-title: Chemotaxis in leukocytes publication-title: Physiol. Rev. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1946.26.3.319 contributor: fullname: McClutcheon – volume: 10 start-page: 980 year: 1970 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib29 article-title: The locomotion of mouse fibroblasts in tissue culture publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(70)86347-0 contributor: fullname: Gail – year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib30 contributor: fullname: Lauffenburger – volume: 95 start-page: 6044 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib45 article-title: Cell-cell mechanical communication through compliant substrates publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.107.127662 contributor: fullname: Reinhart-King – volume: 33 start-page: 4905 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib23 article-title: Probing of micromechanical properties of compliant polymeric materials publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. doi: 10.1023/A:1004457532183 contributor: fullname: Tsukruk – volume: 79 start-page: 144 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib10 article-title: Cell movement is guided by the rigidity of the substrate publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5 contributor: fullname: Lo – year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib35 contributor: fullname: Bray – volume: 23 start-page: 635 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib19 article-title: Local elastic modulus of atherosclerotic lesions of rabbit thoracic aortas measured by pipette aspiration method publication-title: Physiol. Meas doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/23/4/304 contributor: fullname: Matsumoto – volume: 83 start-page: 225 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib34 article-title: Focal adhesions as mechanosensors: the two-spring model publication-title: Biosystems doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.05.019 contributor: fullname: Schwarz – volume: 5 start-page: 437 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib33 article-title: Comparison between the elasticity of polyacrylamide and polyacrylic gels publication-title: J. Phys. II France contributor: fullname: Benguigui – volume: 290 start-page: H2196 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib1 article-title: Mesenchymal stem cell injection after myocardial infarction improves myocardial compliance publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01017.2005 contributor: fullname: Berry – volume: 189 start-page: 88 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib13 article-title: Exponential gradient maker using a disposable syringe publication-title: Anal. Biochem. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90049-F contributor: fullname: Domingo – volume: 86 start-page: 617 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib3 article-title: Substrate compliance versus ligand density in cell on gel responses publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74140-5 contributor: fullname: Engler – volume: 312 start-page: 2424 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib38 article-title: Directed cell migration on fibronectin gradients: effect of gradient slope publication-title: Exp. Cell Res. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.04.005 contributor: fullname: Smith – volume: 38 start-page: 1092 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib27 article-title: Measurement of individual cell-migration parameters for human tissue-cells publication-title: AIChE. J. doi: 10.1002/aic.690380712 contributor: fullname: DiMilla – volume: 20 start-page: 826 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib16 article-title: Neutrophil chemotaxis in linear and complex gradients of interleukin-8 formed in a microfabricated device publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1038/nbt712 contributor: fullname: Jeon – volume: 44 start-page: 2881 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib39 article-title: Transport models for chemotactic cell populations based on individual cell behavior publication-title: Chem. Eng. Sci. doi: 10.1016/0009-2509(89)85098-5 contributor: fullname: Rivero – volume: 94 start-page: 13661 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib6 article-title: Cell locomotion and focal adhesions are regulated by substrate flexibility publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.25.13661 contributor: fullname: Pelham – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib31 contributor: fullname: Press – volume: 3 start-page: 1285 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib50 article-title: Cell morphology and migration linked to substrate rigidity publication-title: Soft Matter doi: 10.1039/b703376a contributor: fullname: Ni – volume: 204 start-page: 198 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib7 article-title: Extracellular matrix rigidity governs smooth muscle cell motility in a biphasic fashion publication-title: J. Cell. Physiol. doi: 10.1002/jcp.20274 contributor: fullname: Peyton – volume: 16 start-page: 8311 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib15 article-title: Generation of solution and surface gradients using microfluidic systems publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/la000600b contributor: fullname: Jeon – volume: 99 start-page: 12542 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib17 article-title: Gradients of substrate-bound laminin orient axonal specification of neurons publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.192457199 contributor: fullname: Dertinger – volume: 85 start-page: 3329 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib26 article-title: Influence of type I collagen surface density on fibroblast spreading, motility, and contractility publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74752-3 contributor: fullname: Gaudet – volume: 116 start-page: 431 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib43 article-title: Periodic lamellipodial contractions correlate with rearward actin waves publication-title: Cell doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00058-3 contributor: fullname: Giannone – volume: 16 start-page: 279 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib22 article-title: Quantitative relationships between single-cell and cell-population model parameters for chemosensory migration responses of alveolar macrophages to C5a publication-title: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. doi: 10.1002/cm.970160407 contributor: fullname: Farrell – volume: 38 start-page: 360 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib4 article-title: Spreading and motility of human glioblastoma cells on sheets of silicone rubber depend on substratum compliance publication-title: Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. doi: 10.1007/BF02347059 contributor: fullname: Thomas – volume: 26 start-page: 263 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib21 article-title: Models of dispersal in biological systems publication-title: J. Math. Biol. doi: 10.1007/BF00277392 contributor: fullname: Othmer – volume: 570 start-page: 142 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib25 article-title: Surface probe measurements of the elasticity of sectioned tissue, thin gels and polyelectrolyte multilayer films: correlations between substrate stiffness and cell adhesion publication-title: Surf. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.179 contributor: fullname: Engler – volume: 23 start-page: 1472 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib32 article-title: Time-dependent mechanical characterization of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels using nanoindentation and unconfined compression publication-title: J. Mater. Res. doi: 10.1557/JMR.2008.0185 contributor: fullname: Kaufman – volume: 4 start-page: 613 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib49 article-title: Modeling mechanosensing and its effect on the migration and proliferation of adherent cells publication-title: Acta Biomater doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.10.014 contributor: fullname: Moreo – volume: 41 start-page: 1289 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib48 article-title: Durotaxis as an elastic stability phenomenon publication-title: J. Biomech. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.01.008 contributor: fullname: Lazopoulos – volume: 96 start-page: 238 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib47 article-title: Spatio-temporal analysis of cell response to a rigidity gradient: a quantitative study by multiple optical tweezers publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.108.134627 contributor: fullname: Allioux-Guerin – volume: 66A start-page: 605 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib5 article-title: Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned Young's modulus publication-title: J. Biomed. Mater. Res. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.10585 contributor: fullname: Gray – volume: 457 start-page: 1103 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib9 article-title: A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature07765 contributor: fullname: Mammoto – volume: 73 start-page: 1240 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib14 article-title: Generation of gradients having complex shapes using microfluidic networks publication-title: Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1021/ac001132d contributor: fullname: Dertinger – volume: 14 start-page: 3320 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib24 article-title: Measuring the elastic properties of thin polymer films with the atomic force microscope publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/la9713006 contributor: fullname: Domke – volume: 75 start-page: 606 year: 1977 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib37 article-title: Ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to orient in gradients of chemotactic factors publication-title: J. Cell Biol. doi: 10.1083/jcb.75.2.606 contributor: fullname: Zigmond – volume: 106 start-page: 303 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib36 article-title: A stochastic model for leukocyte random motility and chemotaxis based on receptor binding fluctuations publication-title: J. Cell Biol. doi: 10.1083/jcb.106.2.303 contributor: fullname: Tranquillo – volume: 26 start-page: 3227 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib40 article-title: Covalently immobilized gradients of bFGF on hydrogel scaffolds for directed cell migration publication-title: Biomaterials doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.09.021 contributor: fullname: DeLong – volume: 12 start-page: 14 year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib28 article-title: Characterising a kinesis response: time averaged measures of cell speed and directional persistence publication-title: Agents Actions Suppl. contributor: fullname: Dunn – volume: 93 start-page: 4453 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021_bib46 article-title: Fibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft elastic substrates publication-title: Biophys. J. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.106.101386 contributor: fullname: Solon |
SSID | ssj0012501 |
Score | 2.5250857 |
Snippet | Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro... Mechanical compliance is emerging as an important environmental cue that can influence certain cell behaviors, such as morphology and motility. Recent in vitro... |
SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest crossref pubmed elsevier |
SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
StartPage | 1313 |
SubjectTerms | Acrylic Resins Analysis of Variance Animals Cattle Cell adhesion & migration Cell Movement - physiology Cells Cells, Cultured Cellular Biophysics and Electrophysiology Collagen Type I Elasticity Fluorescence Hydrogels Linear Models Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - cytology Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - physiology Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - cytology Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - physiology Signal transduction Studies |
SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: ScienceDirect Free and Delayed Access Journal dbid: IXB link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT4NAEN40JiZejG9r1ezBkwm2wELZo7bWxqReapveCAu7lqZCU2ii_94ZWKrV6MGEcIAlbGaYFzPzDSFXggkb3FhleGCLDRYxB2RO2oYjQ1PxAP8oY3Py4Mntj9jjxJnUSKfqhcGySq37S51eaGt9pamp2VzEMfb4gnkF_77FC0wZjNsR2xOb-CZ360wCmHg9Nc81cHWV2SxqvMRipiEr3ZuWZf5mm376nt9LKL_YpN4e2dXOJL0t97tPajI5INvleMn3QzIe6zJTOnxNgSN0sMpgHe3I-Zx2V8s0D97ijHaLObgZTROKaqSAq6XDPFYK1SB9WBZVYTnFBHbykk-PyKh3_9zpG3qOghEy5uRGKG3LDiPFHSZth0fgxIBJYqbHQYK5ZTKhRNgWEKu4AuH1PAk2C6eimyriLgjwMdlK0kSeEtpWbiiFA6fQYVHLxvgysJTpKTMASss6ua4o6C9KuAy_qiOb-UBuHHvJfayls8w6YRWN_Q2e-6DO_3qsUfHD1wKX-eC5uNyFr6BOTkrOfL6ft7FwjNdJe4Nn6wWIsL15J4mnBdI2hOwQb_Gz_220QXbK3BMc1jnZypcreQEuTC4ui2_0A7r97dg priority: 102 providerName: Elsevier |
Title | Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Durotaxis Depends on Substrate Stiffness Gradient Strength |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.06.021 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19720019 https://www.proquest.com/docview/215696540/abstract/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC2749749 |
Volume | 97 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1BT9swFH6iTEhcpm3A1sEqH3ZCSktiO4mPtB2wQachoOotqh0bitq0alNp-_c8O86ATdsBKfIljhK9Z_v7Xvz5PYDPkkmKNNYEKWJxwHLGcc5pGnCtQiPG9o-yPZw8-B6f3bBvIz7aAF6fhXGifSUn7WI6axeTO6etXMxUp9aJdX4MehhJIQ0WnQY0EkrrEN1vHSCm-zJ5cUCR_tdbmU7UJRf3Pkdl3EZ0cylDEysrEv_Cpb9555_yySd4dPIGXnsiSY6rD34LG7p4B1tVaclfOzAceokpuZrN0RtksF5hP9LT0ynpr5fzcvxzsiJ9VwN3ReYFsUuIS1VLrsqJMXYJJKdLpwgrid28Lm7Lu124Ofly3TsLfA2FQDHGy0BpGlGVG8GZplzkSGAQjliYCpy9IgqZNFIlEuOUWNrUeqlGvLIV0UOTixgn7x5sFvNCfwCSmFhpybFRnOVH1MaW48iEqQnHaHTdhMPagtmiSpWR1Rqy-wwtb0teiszq6KKwCay2ceaxvsLwDJfy_z22X_sj85NtlSFriUWM1LMJ7yvPPL7fe7cJyTOf_e5gs2s_v4ODzmXZ9oPs44uf3IftausJr-gANsvlWn9CBlPKFrw67g7PL1rQ-DrqYnt-mbbcKH4AcSfyAA |
link.rule.ids | 230,315,733,786,790,891,3525,27602,27957,27958,45698,45909,53827,53829 |
linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFD4amxB7YeM2ujHwA09ISUliJ_Uj6i4F1glpW7U3q3bsrVubVm0qwX49x44NuwgkkKK82FZkfbbPd3I-nwPwXlKZIY01UQdtcURLynDP6SxiWiWGD-0fZXs5uX-c987ol3N2vgIs3IVxon0lR3E1nsTV6NJpK2cT1Q46sfa3fhc9KaTBvP0I1nC_pkVw0n3wAK26L5SXRxk6ACGY6WRdcnbls1TmMdo3lzS0sMIi_ifL9JB53hdQ3rJIBxswCHNphCjX8bKWsbq5l-bxnye7CU89RyWfmuZnsKKr5_C4qVr54wUMBl69Sk4mUwSa9JcL7Ee6ejwme8v5tB5-Hy3IniuvuyDTitjTyWXBJSf1yBh7upLDuROb1cTGxauL-vIlnB3sn3Z7kS_PEClKWR0pnaWZKg1nVGeMl8iN0NLRpMPxYOBpQqWRqpDoAuXSZu3raDSFtth6Ykqe47nwClaraaVfAylMrrRk-FKMlh8z67YOU5N0TDJENHULPgRoxKzJwiGCPO1KIKS2miYXVqKXJi2gATzhaURDDwRaib8N2wlAC7-PFwIJUc5zZLUt2Gog__19v2xaUNxZDL862MTdd1sQYpfA20O6_d8j38GT3mn_SBx9Pv66A-tNhAuf9A2s1vOl3kWiVMu3blv8BCVTEIU |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3fb9owED51TJv6sq37yVg7P_RpUsKSOAE_TjBKu4KQulZoLxZ27AGFgCBI2_76nR1npUzbA1KUl9iKrM_n-y735Q7gVFARIY3VXhN9sUdTGqPNqciLlQw0G5kvyubn5F4_6V7Ti2E83Gr1ZUX7Ukz8bDb3s8nYaiuXc1kvdWL1Qa-FkRTSYFZfprr-AB6izYasDNRdAgE9u2uWl3gRBgFlQtNKu8Ry6ipVJj76OFs4tGHERexf3ulv9rkrotzySp2n8K1cTyFGufU3ufDlr51Sj3st-Bk8cVyVfCqGHMGByp7Do6J75c8XcHPjVKzkar5AwElvs8ZxpKVmM9LerBb56MdkTdq2ze6aLDJiTilbDZdc5ROtzSlLzlZWdJYTkx_Pvufjl3Dd-fy11fVcmwZPUhrnnlRRGMlUs5iqKGYpciT0eDRoMjwgWBhQoYVsCAyFEmGq9zUVukTTdD3QKUvwfHgFlWyRqTdAGjqRSsR4kzFNP0YmfB2FOmjqYISIqip8KOHhy6IaBy9lalOOsJqumowbqV4YVIGWAHJHJwqawNFb_G9arQSbO3tecyRGCUuQ3VbhdQH73fvd1qlC496G-DPAFPC-_wRhtoW8Haxv9575Hh4P2h1-ed7_UoPDItGFV_gOKvlqo46RL-XixFrGb7uuEwU |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vascular+smooth+muscle+cell+durotaxis+depends+on+substrate+stiffness+gradient+strength&rft.jtitle=Biophysical+journal&rft.au=Isenberg%2C+Brett+C&rft.au=Dimilla%2C+Paul+A&rft.au=Walker%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Kim%2C+Sooyoung&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft.eissn=1542-0086&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bpj.2009.06.021&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19720019&rft.externalDocID=19720019 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0006-3495&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0006-3495&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0006-3495&client=summon |