Exposure to emissions generated by 3-dimensional printing with polycarbonate: effects on peripheral vascular function, cardiac vascular morphology and expression of markers of oxidative stress in male rat cardiac tissue

• Published in: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Vol. 87; no. 13; pp. 541 - 559
• Main Authors: Krajnak, Kristine, Farcas, Mariana, Richardson, Diana, Hammer, Mary Anne, Waugh, Stacey, McKinney, Walter, Knepp, Alycia, Jackson, Mark, Burns, Dru, LeBouf, Ryan, Matheson, Joanna, Thomas, Treye, Qian, Yong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 02.07.2024; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Air Pollutants - toxicity; Androgen receptors; Androgens; Animals; Arteries; Benzhydryl Compounds - toxicity; Biomarkers - metabolism; Bisphenol A; cardiovascular function; cardiovascular morphology; Cardiovascular system; Catalase; Emissions; Endocrine disruptors; Endothelins; Estrogens; Exposure; Growth factors; Health risks; Heart - drug effects; Hormones; Hypoxia; Inhalation; Male; Males; Morphology; Myocardium - metabolism; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism; Nitric-oxide synthase; Nitrotyrosine; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; particulate matter; Phenols - toxicity; Polycarbonate; polycarbonate emissions; Polycarbonate resins; Polycarboxylate Cement; Printing; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors; Respiration; Schools; Smooth muscle; Steroid hormones; Three dimensional printing; three-dimensional (3D) printing; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Vasoconstriction; Veins & arteries; particulate matter; cardiovascular function; cardiovascular morphology; three-dimensional (3D) printing; polycarbonate emissions; Inhalation

Three-dimensional (3D) printing with polycarbonate (PC) plastic occurs in manufacturing settings, homes, and schools. Emissions generated during printing with PC stock and bisphenol-A (BPA), an endocrine disrupter in PC, may induce adverse health effects. Inhalation of 3D printer emissions, and chan...