Effects of Italian ryegrass with multi-enzymes supplementation on growth performance, gut microbial, and manure odor emission in finisher pig

• Published in: Journal of animal science and technology Vol. 66; no. 6; pp. 1182 - 1192
• Main Authors: Hong, Jun-Seon, Jeong, Yong-Dae, Park, Hyun-Ju, Choi, Yo-Han, Min, Ye-Jin, Kim, Chaehyun, Back, Soo-Hyun, Kim, Doo-Wan, Kim, Yong-Min, Kim, Jo-Eun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 01.11.2024; Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology; 한국축산학회
• Subjects: Growth performance; Italian ryegrass; Manure odor; Microbiome; Non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzyme; 축산학; Growth performance; Non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzyme; Italian ryegrass; Manure odor; Microbiome
• ISSN: 2672-0191; 2055-0391; 2093-6281
• DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e23

This study investigated the effects of addition of Italian ryegrass with multi-enzyme on growth performance, fecal odor, and microbiome. The experiment had a two-factor factorial design, using three levels of Italian ryegrass (0%, 2.5%, and 5%) and two levels of multi-enzymes (no enzyme and commercially recommended level) to formulate experimental diets. In total, 60 crossbred Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc (LYD) pigs (88.35 ± 2.57 kg) were allocated into six dietary treatments with five replicates. After four weeks, fecal samples were collected via rectal massage for microbiome and odorous compound analysis. Results showed no significant difference ( > 0.05) in growth performance, except for feed intake ( < 0.05), which was higher in enzyme-added diets. Fecal microbiome exhibited no differences ( > 0.05) between treatments, with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes being the major phyla, similar to the general pig population. Alpha and beta diversity analyses showed no significant differences ( > 0.05). Odorous compounds displayed no significant differences ( > 0.05), except for indoles ( < 0.05) influenced by the enzyme. In conclusion, 5% Italian ryegrass with multi-enzymes can be used as an alternative feed ingredient, having no negative effects on the growth performance, microbiome, and odorous compounds of growing pigs.