Cumulative Effects of Aging and Mechanical Ventilation on In Vitro Diaphragm Function
Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragm...
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Published in | Chest Vol. 124; no. 6; pp. 2302 - 2308 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Northbrook, IL
Elsevier Inc
01.12.2003
American College of Chest Physicians |
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Abstract | Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats.
Fisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O2 for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro.
Compared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm2 vs 21.3 N/cm2). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm2 vs 16.1 N/cm2).
These data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. |
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AbstractList | STUDY OBJECTIVEUnloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats.METHODSFisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O(2) for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro.RESULTSCompared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 21.3 N/cm(2)). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 16.1 N/cm(2)).CONCLUSIONSThese data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. STUDY OBJECTIVE: Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats. METHODS: Fisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O(2) for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro. RESULTS: Compared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 21.3 N/cm(2)). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 16.1 N/cm(2)). CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats. Fisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O(2) for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro. Compared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 21.3 N/cm(2)). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm(2) vs 16.1 N/cm(2)). These data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats. Fisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O2 for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro. Compared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm2 vs 21.3 N/cm2). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm2 vs 16.1 N/cm2). These data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. Study objective: Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young adult animals. Since aging increases skeletal muscle susceptibility to atrophy and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MV-induced diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction would be exacerbated in aging rats. Methods: Fisher 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats (4 months old [young] and 30 months old [old]) were assigned to either control or MV groups. MV rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and ventilated with 21% O 2 for 12 h. Arterial BP, pH, and blood gas homeostasis were maintained in the MV animals throughout the experimental period. Animals in the control group were acutely anesthetized, and the diaphragms were immediately removed. Muscle strips from the mid-costal diaphragm were removed from each experimental animal, and contractile properties were studied in vitro . Results: Compared to young control animals, aging (old control animals) was associated with a 13% decrease in maximal isometric tension (24.5 N/cm 2 vs 21.3 N/cm 2 ). Although, MV induced similar relative losses (24%) in diaphragmatic isometric tension in both young and old animals receiving MV, the combined effects of aging and MV resulted in a 34% decrement in diaphragmatic isometric tension compared to young control animals (24.5 N/cm 2 vs 16.1 N/cm 2 ). Conclusions: These data do not support the hypothesis that aging exacerbates the relative MV-induced impairment in diaphragmatic isometric tension. Nonetheless, the additive effects of aging and MV have dramatic effects on diaphragmatic force reserve. This could exacerbate weaning difficulties in older individuals receiving MV. |
Author | Powers, Scott K. Betters, Jenna J. Criswell, David S. Shanely, R. Andrew Sellman, Jeff E. Van Gammeren, Darin L. McKenzie, Michael J. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: David S. surname: Criswell fullname: Criswell, David S. email: dcriswell@hhp.ufl.edu organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 2 givenname: R. Andrew surname: Shanely fullname: Shanely, R. Andrew organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 3 givenname: Jenna J. surname: Betters fullname: Betters, Jenna J. organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael J. surname: McKenzie fullname: McKenzie, Michael J. organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 5 givenname: Jeff E. surname: Sellman fullname: Sellman, Jeff E. organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 6 givenname: Darin L. surname: Van Gammeren fullname: Van Gammeren, Darin L. organization: Departments of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – sequence: 7 givenname: Scott K. surname: Powers fullname: Powers, Scott K. organization: Physiology, Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL |
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Keywords | contractile function artificial respiration diaphragm MV TPT aging Ageing Anesthesia Circulatory system Diaphragm Artificial ventilation Cardiology Respiration In vitro Mechanical ventilation |
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contributor: fullname: Sen |
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Snippet | Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in young... Study objective: Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative... STUDY OBJECTIVE: Unloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative... STUDY OBJECTIVEUnloading the diaphragm, via mechanical ventilation (MV), results in significant diaphragmatic atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative... |
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SubjectTerms | Age Aging Aging - metabolism Aging - physiology Airway management Anesthesia Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Animals artificial respiration Biological and medical sciences Cardiology. Vascular system Catheters contractile function diaphragm Diaphragm (Anatomy) Diaphragm - metabolism Diaphragm - physiology Drugs Electric Stimulation Homeostasis Hypotheses Male Medical sciences Muscle Contraction - physiology Musculoskeletal system Older people Oxidation Oxidative stress Pneumology Rats Rats, Inbred F344 Respiration Respiration, Artificial Sodium Ventilators Weaning Young adults |
Title | Cumulative Effects of Aging and Mechanical Ventilation on In Vitro Diaphragm Function |
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