A Germline Mutation (A339V) in Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TITF-1/NKX2.1) in Patients With Multinodular Goiter and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1...

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Published inJNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute Vol. 101; no. 3; pp. 162 - 175
Main Authors Ngan, Elly S. W., Lang, Brian H. H., Liu, Tingting, Shum, Cathy K. Y., So, Man-Ting, Lau, Danny K. C., Leon, Thomas Y. Y., Cherny, Stacey S., Tsai, Sophia Y., Lo, Chung-Yau, Khoo, Ui-Soon, Tam, Paul K. H., Garcia-Barceló, Maria-Mercè
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cary, NC Oxford University Press 04.02.2009
Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
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Abstract Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition. Methods Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8. Conclusion This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.
AbstractList Background: The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1 , is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition. Methods: Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg , TSH-R , and Pax-8 . Conclusion: This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition. Methods Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8. Conclusion This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.
Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition. Methods Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8. Conclusion This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.
The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition.BACKGROUNDThe genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition.Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided.METHODSTwenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided.A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8.RESULTSA missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8.This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.CONCLUSIONThis is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.
The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is important to thyroid development, we evaluated whether the gene that encodes it, TITF-1/NKX2.1, is a genetic determinant of MNG/PTC predisposition. Twenty unrelated PTC patients with a history of MNG (MNG/PTC), 284 PTC patients without a history of MNG (PTC), and 349 healthy control subjects were screened for germline mutation(s) in TITF-1/NKX2.1 by sequencing of amplified DNA from blood. The effects of the mutation on the growth and differentiation of thyroid cells were demonstrated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT) and mutant proteins in PCCL3 normal rat thyroid cells, followed by tests of cell proliferation, activation of cell growth pathways, and transcription of TTF-1 target genes. All statistical tests were two-sided. A missense mutation (1016C>T) was identified in TITF-1/NKX2.1 that led to a mutant TTF-1 protein (A339V) in four of the 20 MNG/PTC patients (20%). These patients developed substantially more advanced tumors than MNG/PTC or PTC patients without the mutation (P = .022, Fisher exact test). Notably, this germline mutation was dominantly inherited in two families, with some members bearing the mutation affected with MNG, associated with either PTC or colon cancer. The mutation encoding the A339V substitution was not found among the 349 healthy control subjects nor among the 284 PTC patients who had no history of MNG. Overexpression of A339V TTF-1 in PCCL3 cells, as compared with overexpression of WT TTF-1, was associated with increased cell proliferation including thyrotropin-independent growth (average A339V proliferation rate = 134.27%, WT rate = 104.43%, difference = 34.3%, 95% confidence interval = 12.0% to 47.7%, P = .010), enhanced STAT3 activation, and impaired transcription of the thyroid-specific genes Tg, TSH-R, and Pax-8. This is the first germline mutation identified in MNG/PTC patients. It could contribute to predisposition for MNG and/or PTC and to the pathogenesis of PTC.
Author Ngan, Elly S. W.
Garcia-Barceló, Maria-Mercè
Shum, Cathy K. Y.
Cherny, Stacey S.
So, Man-Ting
Leon, Thomas Y. Y.
Lo, Chung-Yau
Tam, Paul K. H.
Liu, Tingting
Tsai, Sophia Y.
Lang, Brian H. H.
Lau, Danny K. C.
Khoo, Ui-Soon
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Elly S. W.
  surname: Ngan
  fullname: Ngan, Elly S. W.
  email: engan@hku.hk
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Brian H. H.
  surname: Lang
  fullname: Lang, Brian H. H.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Tingting
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Tingting
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Cathy K. Y.
  surname: Shum
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  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Man-Ting
  surname: So
  fullname: So, Man-Ting
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Danny K. C.
  surname: Lau
  fullname: Lau, Danny K. C.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Thomas Y. Y.
  surname: Leon
  fullname: Leon, Thomas Y. Y.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Stacey S.
  surname: Cherny
  fullname: Cherny, Stacey S.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Sophia Y.
  surname: Tsai
  fullname: Tsai, Sophia Y.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Chung-Yau
  surname: Lo
  fullname: Lo, Chung-Yau
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Ui-Soon
  surname: Khoo
  fullname: Khoo, Ui-Soon
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Paul K. H.
  surname: Tam
  fullname: Tam, Paul K. H.
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Maria-Mercè
  surname: Garcia-Barceló
  fullname: Garcia-Barceló, Maria-Mercè
  organization: Affiliations of authors: Department of Surgery, Centre for Cancer Research, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (ESWN), Department of Surgery (BHHL, TL, CKYS, M-TS, DKCL, TYYL, C-YL), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (PKHT), Department of Surgery, Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth (M-MG-B), Department of Pathology (U-SK), Department of Psychiatry (SSC), Genome Research Centre (SSC), University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (SYT)
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IsPeerReviewed true
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Issue 3
Keywords Endocrinopathy
Nodular goiter
Human
Endocrine gland
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid gland
Malignant tumor
Signal transduction
Cancerology
Germ line
Genetics
Mutation
Transcription factor
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Cancer
Language English
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Snippet Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined....
Background The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined....
The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined. Because...
Background: The genetic factors that determine the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) among patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) remain undefined....
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StartPage 162
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alanine
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinoma, Papillary - genetics
Carcinoma, Papillary - metabolism
Carcinoma, Papillary - pathology
Case-Control Studies
Cell Proliferation
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - metabolism
Child
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
Endocrinopathies
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Germ-Line Mutation
Goiter, Nodular - genetics
Goiter, Nodular - metabolism
Goiter, Nodular - pathology
Head & neck cancer
Humans
Immunoblotting
Luciferases
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mutation
Neoplasm Staging
Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms
Nuclear Proteins - genetics
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
Oncology
Pathology
Rats
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Signal Transduction - genetics
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Gland - cytology
Thyroid Gland - metabolism
Thyroid Neoplasms - genetics
Thyroid Neoplasms - metabolism
Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology
Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1
Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases)
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
Tumors
Up-Regulation
Valine
Young Adult
Title A Germline Mutation (A339V) in Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TITF-1/NKX2.1) in Patients With Multinodular Goiter and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19176457
https://www.proquest.com/docview/221034152
https://www.proquest.com/docview/20456140
https://www.proquest.com/docview/66905372
Volume 101
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