Hydrothermal carbonization and Liquefaction: differences, progress, challenges, and opportunities

• Published in: Bioresource technology Vol. 343; p. 126084
• Main Authors: Lachos-Perez, Daniel, César Torres-Mayanga, Paulo, Abaide, Ederson R., Zabot, Giovani L., De Castilhos, Fernanda
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2022
• Subjects: Biocrude-oil; biomass; biorefining; energy; environmental sustainability; Hydrochar; Hydrothermal carbonization; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Hydrochar; Hydrothermal carbonization; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Biocrude-oil

[Display omitted] •The feasibility of handling lignocellulosic biomass via HTC/HTL were reviewed.•The yield of hydrochar/ bio-crude can be improved by altering HTL/HTC conditions.•Reaction mechanism of HTL/HTC is explained.•HTC and HTL suffer from immature technology, demanding innovations. Thermoch...