Cognitive Impact of β‐Amyloid Load in the Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder–Lewy Body Disease Continuum

• Published in: Movement disorders Vol. 39; no. 12; pp. 2259 - 2270
• Main Authors: Woo, Kyung Ah, Yoon, Eun Jin, Kim, Seoyeon, Kim, Heejung, Kim, Ryul, Jin, Bora, Lee, Seungmin, Park, Hyunwoong, Nam, Hyunwoo, Kim, Yu Kyeong, Lee, Jee‐Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.12.2024; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism; Aniline Compounds; Behavior disorders; Brain - diagnostic imaging; Brain - metabolism; Cognitive ability; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnostic imaging; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology; Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism; Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology; Dementia; Dementia disorders; dementia with Lewy bodies; Executive function; Eye movements; Female; Generalized linear models; Humans; isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder; Lewy bodies; Lewy body disease; Lewy Body Disease - diagnostic imaging; Lewy Body Disease - metabolism; Lewy Body Disease - physiopathology; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Measuring techniques; Middle Aged; Movement disorders; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Parkinson Disease - diagnostic imaging; Parkinson Disease - metabolism; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology; Parkinson's disease; Positron emission tomography; Psychology; REM sleep; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - diagnostic imaging; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - metabolism; Sleep disorders; Stilbenes; Supplementary motor area; β‐Amyloid; dementia with Lewy bodies; isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder; Parkinson's disease; Lewy body disease; β‐Amyloid
• ISSN: 0885-3185; 1531-8257; 1531-8257
• DOI: 10.1002/mds.30031

Background Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is linked to the diffuse‐malignant subtype and higher cognitive burden in Lewy body disease (LBD). Objective This study explores brain β‐amyloid deposition and its association with cognitive decline across the RBD–LBD continuum. Methods Patients with isolated RBD (iRBD), Parkinson's disease with probable RBD (PDRBD), and dementia with Lewy bodies with probable RBD (DLBRBD) underwent 18F‐florbetaben positron emission tomography, 3T magnetic resonance imaging scans, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. Subjects were categorized as cognitively normal (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia. Global and regional standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) were estimated in predefined cognitive volumes of interest (VOI) derived from voxel‐wise comparison analysis among the cognitive groups, namely the prefrontal, parietal, precentral cortices, lingual gyrus, and supplementary motor area. Generalized linear models assessed the relationship between 18F‐florbetaben SUVRs and neuropsychological testing, adjusting for age and sex. Subgroup analysis focused on the polysomnography‐confirmed iRBD‐continuum subset (n = 41) encompassing phenoconverters and nonconverters in our prospective iRBD cohort. Results Eighty‐six subjects were classified as follows: 14 NC, 54 MCI, and 18 dementia. The proportion of positive β‐amyloid scans increased with advanced cognitive stages (P = 0.038). β‐Amyloid signals in cognitive VOIs were elevated in subgroups showing impairment in Trail‐Making Test B (TMT‐B). A linear association between TMT‐B z score and global cortical β‐amyloid levels was observed in the iRBD‐continuum subset (P = 0.013). Conclusion Cortical β‐amyloid accumulates with declines in executive function within the RBD–LBD continuum. TMT‐B performance may be a useful marker associating with β‐amyloid load, particularly in the iRBD population. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.