Parasitological and immunological responses of genetically resistant Merino sheep on pastures contaminated with parasitic nematodes
One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species ( Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or s...
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| Published in | International journal for parasitology Vol. 22; no. 4; pp. 417 - 425 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.1992
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (
Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and
Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial
H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. One and 5 months after weaning, two lambs from each plot were slaughtered, and worm burdens and larval establishment rates of the three species of nematode were estimated. At the second slaughter, leukotriene levels and larval migration inhibitory (LMI) activity were measured in mucus collected from the small intestine. The dominant species in all faecal samples and the gastrointestinal tract was
T. colubriformis. Lambs of the resistant genotype had lower faecal worm egg counts, lower worm burdens and higher levels of resistance to larval establishment. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC
4/D
4/E
4. Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with
H. contortus, was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All these genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta ). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC sub(4)/D sub(4)/E sub(4). Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with H. contortus), was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All the genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment. One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species ( Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. One and 5 months after weaning, two lambs from each plot were slaughtered, and worm burdens and larval establishment rates of the three species of nematode were estimated. At the second slaughter, leukotriene levels and larval migration inhibitory (LMI) activity were measured in mucus collected from the small intestine. The dominant species in all faecal samples and the gastrointestinal tract was T. colubriformis. Lambs of the resistant genotype had lower faecal worm egg counts, lower worm burdens and higher levels of resistance to larval establishment. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC 4/D 4/E 4. Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with H. contortus, was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All these genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment. One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. One and 5 months after weaning, two lambs from each plot were slaughtered, and worm burdens and larval establishment rates of the three species of nematode were estimated. At the second slaughter, leukotriene levels and larval migration inhibitory (LMI) activity were measured in mucus collected from the small intestine. The dominant species in all faecal samples and the gastrointestinal tract was T. colubriformis. Lambs of the resistant genotype had lower faecal worm egg counts, lower worm burdens and higher levels of resistance to larval establishment. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC4/D4/E4. Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with H. contortus, was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All these genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment.One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. One and 5 months after weaning, two lambs from each plot were slaughtered, and worm burdens and larval establishment rates of the three species of nematode were estimated. At the second slaughter, leukotriene levels and larval migration inhibitory (LMI) activity were measured in mucus collected from the small intestine. The dominant species in all faecal samples and the gastrointestinal tract was T. colubriformis. Lambs of the resistant genotype had lower faecal worm egg counts, lower worm burdens and higher levels of resistance to larval establishment. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC4/D4/E4. Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with H. contortus, was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All these genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment. One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Ostertagia circumcincta). The lambs were sired by either a genetically resistant ram or susceptible rams (determined by the response of previous progeny to artificial H. contortus infection). Half the resistant and half the susceptible lambs were given strategic anthelmintic treatment and the remainder remained untreated. Faecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume were measured frequently in all animals. One and 5 months after weaning, two lambs from each plot were slaughtered, and worm burdens and larval establishment rates of the three species of nematode were estimated. At the second slaughter, leukotriene levels and larval migration inhibitory (LMI) activity were measured in mucus collected from the small intestine. The dominant species in all faecal samples and the gastrointestinal tract was T. colubriformis. Lambs of the resistant genotype had lower faecal worm egg counts, lower worm burdens and higher levels of resistance to larval establishment. There were no differences in larval migration inhibition (LMI) activity, but resistant lambs had higher levels of the leukotriene LTC4/D4/E4. Further, the resistant genotype, identified on responsiveness to artificial infections with H. contortus, was more resistant to infections of three important species acquired naturally from contaminated pastures. All these genetic differences were maintained while the lambs were subject to strategic anthelmintic treatment. |
| Author | Le Jambre, L.F. Gray, G.D. Douch, P.G.C. Barger, I.A. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: G.D. surname: Gray fullname: Gray, G.D. organization: Department of Animal Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: I.A. surname: Barger fullname: Barger, I.A. organization: C.S.I.R.O. Pastoral Research Laboratory, Armidale, New South Wales 2350, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: L.F. surname: Le Jambre fullname: Le Jambre, L.F. organization: C.S.I.R.O. Pastoral Research Laboratory, Armidale, New South Wales 2350, Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: P.G.C. surname: Douch fullname: Douch, P.G.C. organization: Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, MAF Technology, P.O. Box 40063, Upper Hutt, New Zealand |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1644517$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1988.tb00253.x 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02861.x 10.1016/0020-7519(90)90052-O 10.2307/3281050 10.1016/0169-4758(90)90230-2 10.1016/0020-7519(90)90043-M 10.1016/0020-7519(85)90049-9 10.1016/0020-7519(88)90082-3 10.1016/0304-4017(86)90129-9 10.1016/0020-7519(87)90103-2 10.1016/0304-4017(84)90045-1 10.1136/vr.124.19.510 10.1016/0020-7519(83)90014-0 10.1016/0020-7519(91)90040-E 10.1016/0169-4758(87)90155-4 10.1071/AR9760277 10.1016/0304-4017(89)90153-2 |
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| Keywords | epidemiology Genetic resistance leukotriene Haemonchus immunity Trichostrongylus Ostertagia sheep nematodes |
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mucus of lambs selected for high and low responsiveness to vaccination and challenge with Trichostrongylus colubriformis publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(90)90052-O – volume: 21 start-page: 177 year: 1948 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB22 article-title: Some modifications of the McMaster helminth egg-counting techniques and apparatus publication-title: Journal of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research – year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB11 – volume: 69 start-page: 875 year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB10 article-title: Radiolabelling of infective larvae of Laemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) with 75Se-methionine and their performance as tracers in sheep publication-title: Journal of Parasitology doi: 10.2307/3281050 – volume: 6 start-page: 127 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB21 article-title: Resistance in nematodes parasitic of livestock to the benzimidazole anthelmintics publication-title: Parasitology Today doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(90)90230-2 – volume: 20 start-page: 1015 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB25 article-title: Response to helminth infection of sheep selected for resistance to Haemonchus contortus publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(90)90043-M – volume: 15 start-page: 529 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB2 article-title: Regulation of Haemonchus contortus populations in sheep exposed to continuous infection publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(85)90049-9 – volume: 18 start-page: 1107 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB3 article-title: Resistance of young lambs to Haemonchus contortus infection, and its loss following anthelmintic treatment publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(88)90082-3 – volume: 20 start-page: 315 year: 1986 ident: 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paralysing activity by substances with some characteristics of SRS-A publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(83)90014-0 – volume: 46 start-page: 2136 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB5 article-title: Enhancement of resistance of lambs to Haemonchus contortus by previous infection with Ostertagia circumcincta publication-title: American Journal of Veterinary Research – volume: 21 start-page: 361 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB15 article-title: Demonstration of a range of inflammatory mediators released in trichostrongylosis of sheep publication-title: International Journal for Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(91)90040-E – volume: 3 start-page: 253 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB12 article-title: Genetic resistance to haemonchosis in sheep publication-title: Parasitology Today doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(87)90155-4 – volume: 27 start-page: 277 year: 1976 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB20 article-title: Seasonal pasture contamination and availability of nematodes for grazing sheep publication-title: Australian Journal of Agricultural Research doi: 10.1071/AR9760277 – volume: 32 start-page: 21 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB4 article-title: Genetic resistance of hosts and its influence on epidemiology publication-title: Veterinary Parasitology doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(89)90153-2 – start-page: 371 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90142-8_BIB23 article-title: Genetic control of immune responses against the intestinal nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs |
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| Snippet | One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species (... One hundred and twenty lambs were grazed continuously from weaning until 9 months of age on 12 plots contaminated with larvae of three nematode species... |
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| SubjectTerms | activity Animals anthelmintics epidemiology feces Feces - parasitology Female Genetic resistance genetics genotype growth & development Haemonchus Haemonchus contortus immunity Immunity, Innate Immunity, Innate - genetics immunology Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - immunology Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary larval migration inhibitory leukotriene leukotriene c4 leukotriene d4 leukotriene e4 leukotrienes Male Nematoda Nematoda - growth & development nematode infections Nematode Infections - immunology Nematode Infections - veterinary nematode larvae nematodes Ostertagia Ostertagia circumcincta Ostertagia ostertagi Parasite Egg Count Parasite Egg Count - veterinary parasitology pastures Sheep sheep diseases Sheep Diseases - immunology small intestine Trichostrongylus Trichostrongylus colubriformis veterinary |
| Title | Parasitological and immunological responses of genetically resistant Merino sheep on pastures contaminated with parasitic nematodes |
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