In vitro inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of size-segregated particulate samples collected during long-range transport of wildfire smoke to Helsinki

The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the sa...

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Published inToxicology and applied pharmacology Vol. 215; no. 3; pp. 341 - 353
Main Authors Jalava, Pasi I., Salonen, Raimo O., Hälinen, Arja I., Penttinen, Piia, Pennanen, Arto S., Sillanpää, Markus, Sandell, Erik, Hillamo, Risto, Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published San Diego, CA Elsevier Inc 15.09.2006
Elsevier
Subjects
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
Air Movements
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollutants - toxicity
Animals
APOPTOSIS
Apoptosis - drug effects
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinogenesis, carcinogens and anticarcinogens
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Chemical agents
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Chemokine CXCL2
Chemokines - metabolism
Cytotoxicity
Finland
FIRES
Forest fire
FORESTS
IN VITRO
INFLAMMATION
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT
Long-range transported particles
Macrophage cell line
MACROPHAGES
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - metabolism
Medical sciences
Metals - analysis
MICE
Nitrates - analysis
NITRIC OXIDE
Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis
PARTICLE SIZE
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis
PUBLIC HEALTH
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - analysis
Smoke - adverse effects
Smoke - analysis
SMOKES
Sulfates - analysis
TOXICITY
Toxicology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
Tumors
Finland, Etelae-Suomi, Helsinki
Long-range transported particles
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Macrophage cell line
Cytotoxicity
Inflammation
Chemical composition
Forest fire
Sample size
Polycyclic aromatic compound
In vitro
Particle
Carcinogen
Cell line
Fire
Established cell line
Transport
Fumes
Macrophage
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Abstract The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the samples were chemically characterized for identification of different emission sources. The particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range (PM 1–0.2) was highly increased during two LRT episodes, but the contents of total and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in collected particulate samples were only 10–25% of those in the seasonal average sample. The ability of coarse (PM 10–2.5), intermodal size range (PM 2.5–1), PM 1–0.2 and ultrafine (PM 0.2) particles to cause cytokine production (TNFα, IL-6, MIP-2) reduced along with smaller particle size, but the size range had a much smaller impact on induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity or apoptosis. The aerosol particles collected during LRT episodes had a substantially lower activity in cytokine production than the corresponding particles of the seasonal average period, which is suggested to be due to chemical transformation of the organic fraction during aging. However, the episode events were associated with enhanced inflammogenic and cytotoxic activities per inhaled cubic meter of air due to the greatly increased particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range, which may have public health implications.
AbstractList The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the samples were chemically characterized for identification of different emission sources. The particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range (PM 1–0.2) was highly increased during two LRT episodes, but the contents of total and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in collected particulate samples were only 10–25% of those in the seasonal average sample. The ability of coarse (PM 10–2.5), intermodal size range (PM 2.5–1), PM 1–0.2 and ultrafine (PM 0.2) particles to cause cytokine production (TNFα, IL-6, MIP-2) reduced along with smaller particle size, but the size range had a much smaller impact on induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity or apoptosis. The aerosol particles collected during LRT episodes had a substantially lower activity in cytokine production than the corresponding particles of the seasonal average period, which is suggested to be due to chemical transformation of the organic fraction during aging. However, the episode events were associated with enhanced inflammogenic and cytotoxic activities per inhaled cubic meter of air due to the greatly increased particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range, which may have public health implications.
The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the samples were chemically characterized for identification of different emission sources. The particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range (PM(1-0.2)) was highly increased during two LRT episodes, but the contents of total and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in collected particulate samples were only 10-25% of those in the seasonal average sample. The ability of coarse (PM(10-2.5)), intermodal size range (PM(2.5-1)), PM(1-0.2) and ultrafine (PM(0.2)) particles to cause cytokine production (TNFalpha, IL-6, MIP-2) reduced along with smaller particle size, but the size range had a much smaller impact on induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity or apoptosis. The aerosol particles collected during LRT episodes had a substantially lower activity in cytokine production than the corresponding particles of the seasonal average period, which is suggested to be due to chemical transformation of the organic fraction during aging. However, the episode events were associated with enhanced inflammogenic and cytotoxic activities per inhaled cubic meter of air due to the greatly increased particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range, which may have public health implications.
The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the samples were chemically characterized for identification of different emission sources. The particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range (PM{sub 1-0.2}) was highly increased during two LRT episodes, but the contents of total and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in collected particulate samples were only 10-25% of those in the seasonal average sample. The ability of coarse (PM{sub 10-2.5}), intermodal size range (PM{sub 2.5-1}), PM{sub 1-0.2} and ultrafine (PM{sub 0.2}) particles to cause cytokine production (TNF{alpha}, IL-6, MIP-2) reduced along with smaller particle size, but the size range had a much smaller impact on induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity or apoptosis. The aerosol particles collected during LRT episodes had a substantially lower activity in cytokine production than the corresponding particles of the seasonal average period, which is suggested to be due to chemical transformation of the organic fraction during aging. However, the episode events were associated with enhanced inflammogenic and cytotoxic activities per inhaled cubic meter of air due to the greatly increased particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range, which may have public health implications.
The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. The particles were sampled in four size ranges using a modified Harvard high-volume cascade impactor, and the samples were chemically characterized for identification of different emission sources. The particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range (PM sub(1) sub(-) sub(0) sub(.) sub(2)) was highly increased during two LRT episodes, but the contents of total and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in collected particulate samples were only 10-25% of those in the seasonal average sample. The ability of coarse (PM sub(1) sub(0) sub(-) sub(2) sub(.) sub(5)), intermodal size range (PM sub(2) sub(.) sub(5) sub(-) sub(1)), PM sub(1) sub(-) sub(0) sub(.) sub(2) and ultrafine (PM sub(0) sub(.) sub(2)) particles to cause cytokine production (TNF alpha , IL-6, MIP-2) reduced along with smaller particle size, but the size range had a much smaller impact on induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytotoxicity or apoptosis. The aerosol particles collected during LRT episodes had a substantially lower activity in cytokine production than the corresponding particles of the seasonal average period, which is suggested to be due to chemical transformation of the organic fraction during aging. However, the episode events were associated with enhanced inflammogenic and cytotoxic activities per inhaled cubic meter of air due to the greatly increased particulate mass concentration in the accumulation size range, which may have public health implications.
Author Jalava, Pasi I.
Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta
Pennanen, Arto S.
Sillanpää, Markus
Hillamo, Risto
Salonen, Raimo O.
Penttinen, Piia
Sandell, Erik
Hälinen, Arja I.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  surname: Jalava
  fullname: Jalava, Pasi I.
  email: Pasi.Jalava@ktl.fi
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Raimo O.
  surname: Salonen
  fullname: Salonen, Raimo O.
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Arja I.
  surname: Hälinen
  fullname: Hälinen, Arja I.
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Piia
  surname: Penttinen
  fullname: Penttinen, Piia
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Arto S.
  surname: Pennanen
  fullname: Pennanen, Arto S.
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Markus
  surname: Sillanpää
  fullname: Sillanpää, Markus
  organization: Finnish Meteorological Institute, Air Quality Research, Helsinki, Finland
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Erik
  surname: Sandell
  fullname: Sandell, Erik
  organization: Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT Processes, Espoo, Finland
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Risto
  surname: Hillamo
  fullname: Hillamo, Risto
  organization: Finnish Meteorological Institute, Air Quality Research, Helsinki, Finland
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Maija-Riitta
  surname: Hirvonen
  fullname: Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta
  organization: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Health, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
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Issue 3
Keywords Long-range transported particles
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Macrophage cell line
Cytotoxicity
Inflammation
Chemical composition
Forest fire
Sample size
Polycyclic aromatic compound
In vitro
Particle
Carcinogen
Cell line
Fire
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Transport
Fumes
Macrophage
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Snippet The impact of long-range transport (LRT) episodes of wildfire smoke on the inflammogenic and cytotoxic activity of urban air particles was investigated in the...
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SubjectTerms 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
Air Movements
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollutants - toxicity
Animals
APOPTOSIS
Apoptosis - drug effects
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinogenesis, carcinogens and anticarcinogens
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Chemical agents
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Chemokine CXCL2
Chemokines - metabolism
Cytotoxicity
Finland
FIRES
Forest fire
FORESTS
IN VITRO
INFLAMMATION
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT
Long-range transported particles
Macrophage cell line
MACROPHAGES
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - metabolism
Medical sciences
Metals - analysis
MICE
Nitrates - analysis
NITRIC OXIDE
Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis
PARTICLE SIZE
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis
PUBLIC HEALTH
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - analysis
Smoke - adverse effects
Smoke - analysis
SMOKES
Sulfates - analysis
TOXICITY
Toxicology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
Tumors
Title In vitro inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of size-segregated particulate samples collected during long-range transport of wildfire smoke to Helsinki
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.03.007
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16678872
https://search.proquest.com/docview/20192537
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20850420
Volume 215
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