High PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 Co-Expression Levels Are Associated with Worse Overall Survival in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker of the success of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but its role as a prognostic marker for early-stage resectable NSCLC remains unclear. We studied gene expression levels...
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Published in | Genes Vol. 12; no. 2; p. 273 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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15.02.2021
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Abstract | Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker of the success of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but its role as a prognostic marker for early-stage resectable NSCLC remains unclear. We studied gene expression levels of immune-related genes PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, IDO-2 and INFγ in tumor tissue of surgically resected NSCLC and correlated the finding with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. A total of 191 consecutive early-stage NSCLC patients who underwent curative pulmonary resection were studied. The mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using RT
Profiler PCR Arrays (Qiagen). PD-1, PD-L2 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous histology (
= 0.001,
= 0.021 and
< 0.001; respectively). PD-1, PD-L1 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with higher stage (
= 0.005,
= 0.048 and
= 0.002, respectively). The univariate analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) showed that patients with higher levels of three-genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) (hazard ratio (HR)) 1.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-3.21),
= 0.015) were associated with a worse RFS, while patients with higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) or (PD-L2/IDO-1) were associated with a worse OS (HR 1.63 95% CI, 1.06-2.51,
= 0.024; HR 1.54 95% CI, 1.02-2.33,
= 0.04; respectively). The multivariate interaction model adjusted for histology and stage confirmed that higher levels of three genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) were significantly associated with worse RFS (HR 1.98,
= 0.031) and higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) and (PD-L2/IDO-1) with worse OS (HR 1.98,
= 0.042, HR 1.92,
= 0.022). PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 co-expression high levels are independent negative prognostic factors for survival in early NSCLC. These features may have important implications for future immune-checkpoint therapeutic approaches. |
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AbstractList | Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker of the success of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but its role as a prognostic marker for early-stage resectable NSCLC remains unclear. We studied gene expression levels of immune-related genes PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, IDO-2 and INFγ in tumor tissue of surgically resected NSCLC and correlated the finding with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. A total of 191 consecutive early-stage NSCLC patients who underwent curative pulmonary resection were studied. The mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays (Qiagen). PD-1, PD-L2 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous histology (p = 0.001, p = 0.021 and p < 0.001; respectively). PD-1, PD-L1 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with higher stage (p = 0.005, p = 0.048 and p = 0.002, respectively). The univariate analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) showed that patients with higher levels of three-genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) (hazard ratio (HR)) 1.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–3.21), p = 0.015) were associated with a worse RFS, while patients with higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) or (PD-L2/IDO-1) were associated with a worse OS (HR 1.63 95% CI, 1.06–2.51, p = 0.024; HR 1.54 95% CI, 1.02–2.33, p = 0.04; respectively). The multivariate interaction model adjusted for histology and stage confirmed that higher levels of three genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) were significantly associated with worse RFS (HR 1.98, p = 0.031) and higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) and (PD-L2/IDO-1) with worse OS (HR 1.98, p = 0.042, HR 1.92, p = 0.022). PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 co-expression high levels are independent negative prognostic factors for survival in early NSCLC. These features may have important implications for future immune-checkpoint therapeutic approaches. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker of the success of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but its role as a prognostic marker for early-stage resectable NSCLC remains unclear. We studied gene expression levels of immune-related genes PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, IDO-2 and INFγ in tumor tissue of surgically resected NSCLC and correlated the finding with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. A total of 191 consecutive early-stage NSCLC patients who underwent curative pulmonary resection were studied. The mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using RT 2 Profiler PCR Arrays (Qiagen). PD-1, PD-L2 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous histology ( p = 0.001, p = 0.021 and p < 0.001; respectively). PD-1, PD-L1 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with higher stage ( p = 0.005, p = 0.048 and p = 0.002, respectively). The univariate analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) showed that patients with higher levels of three-genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) (hazard ratio (HR)) 1.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–3.21), p = 0.015) were associated with a worse RFS, while patients with higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) or (PD-L2/IDO-1) were associated with a worse OS (HR 1.63 95% CI, 1.06–2.51, p = 0.024; HR 1.54 95% CI, 1.02–2.33, p = 0.04; respectively). The multivariate interaction model adjusted for histology and stage confirmed that higher levels of three genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) were significantly associated with worse RFS (HR 1.98, p = 0.031) and higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) and (PD-L2/IDO-1) with worse OS (HR 1.98, p = 0.042, HR 1.92, p = 0.022). PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 co-expression high levels are independent negative prognostic factors for survival in early NSCLC. These features may have important implications for future immune-checkpoint therapeutic approaches. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker of the success of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but its role as a prognostic marker for early-stage resectable NSCLC remains unclear. We studied gene expression levels of immune-related genes PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, IDO-1, IDO-2 and INFγ in tumor tissue of surgically resected NSCLC and correlated the finding with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. A total of 191 consecutive early-stage NSCLC patients who underwent curative pulmonary resection were studied. The mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using RT Profiler PCR Arrays (Qiagen). PD-1, PD-L2 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous histology ( = 0.001, = 0.021 and < 0.001; respectively). PD-1, PD-L1 and IDO-2 gene expression levels were significantly higher in patients with higher stage ( = 0.005, = 0.048 and = 0.002, respectively). The univariate analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) showed that patients with higher levels of three-genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) (hazard ratio (HR)) 1.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-3.21), = 0.015) were associated with a worse RFS, while patients with higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) or (PD-L2/IDO-1) were associated with a worse OS (HR 1.63 95% CI, 1.06-2.51, = 0.024; HR 1.54 95% CI, 1.02-2.33, = 0.04; respectively). The multivariate interaction model adjusted for histology and stage confirmed that higher levels of three genes (PD-L1/PD-L2/INFγ) were significantly associated with worse RFS (HR 1.98, = 0.031) and higher levels of both genes (PD-L1/IDO-2) and (PD-L2/IDO-1) with worse OS (HR 1.98, = 0.042, HR 1.92, = 0.022). PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 co-expression high levels are independent negative prognostic factors for survival in early NSCLC. These features may have important implications for future immune-checkpoint therapeutic approaches. |
Author | Siggillino, Annamaria Puma, Francesco Bianconi, Fortunato Tofanetti, Francesca Romana Sidoni, Angelo Minotti, Vincenzo Baglivo, Sara Vannucci, Jacopo Chiari, Rita Berti, Valeria Metro, Giulio Ludovini, Vienna Mandarano, Martina Belladonna, Maria Laura Bellezza, Guido Reda, Maria Sole Roila, Fausto |
AuthorAffiliation | 5 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; marialaura.belladonna@unipg.it 1 Medical Oncology Division, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy; annamaria.siggillino@ospedale.perugia.it (A.S.); sara.baglivo@ospedale.perugia.it (S.B.); francesca.tofanetti@ospedale.perugia.it (F.R.T.); mariasole.reda@ospedale.perugia.it (M.S.R.); giulio.metro@ospedale.perugia.it (G.M.); vincenzo.minotti@ospedal.perugia.it (V.M.); fausto.roila@ospedale.perugia.it (F.R.) 4 Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; guido.bellezza@unipg.it (G.B.); mandaranomartina@gmail.com (M.M.); angelo.sidoni@unipg.it (A.S.) 2 Umbria Digitale, Regional Government of Umbria, Via G.B. Pontani 39, 06128 Perugia, Italy; fortunato.bianconi@gmail.com 3 Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Se |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 6 Division of Medical Oncology, Ospedali Riuniti Padova Sud, via Albere 30, 35043 Monselice, Italy; rita.chiari@aulss6.veneto.it – name: 1 Medical Oncology Division, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy; annamaria.siggillino@ospedale.perugia.it (A.S.); sara.baglivo@ospedale.perugia.it (S.B.); francesca.tofanetti@ospedale.perugia.it (F.R.T.); mariasole.reda@ospedale.perugia.it (M.S.R.); giulio.metro@ospedale.perugia.it (G.M.); vincenzo.minotti@ospedal.perugia.it (V.M.); fausto.roila@ospedale.perugia.it (F.R.) – name: 5 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; marialaura.belladonna@unipg.it – name: 2 Umbria Digitale, Regional Government of Umbria, Via G.B. Pontani 39, 06128 Perugia, Italy; fortunato.bianconi@gmail.com – name: 4 Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; guido.bellezza@unipg.it (G.B.); mandaranomartina@gmail.com (M.M.); angelo.sidoni@unipg.it (A.S.) – name: 3 Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; jacopo.vannucci@uniroma1.it (J.V.); wally.berti@gmail.com (V.B.); francesco.puma@unipg.it (F.P.) |
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ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2021 by the authors. 2021 |
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SubjectTerms | Antigens Apoptosis Chemotherapy Dendritic cells FDA approval Gene expression Lung cancer Lymphocytes Medical prognosis Non-small cell lung carcinoma Patients PD-1 protein PD-L1 protein Polymerase chain reaction Reverse transcription Small cell lung carcinoma Tumors |
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Title | High PD-L1/IDO-2 and PD-L2/IDO-1 Co-Expression Levels Are Associated with Worse Overall Survival in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients |
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