Screening for Lead Poisoning: A Geospatial Approach to Determine Testing of Children in At-Risk Neighborhoods

Objective To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. Study design This ecologic study used existing blood lead results of children aged ≤36 months tested and living in...

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Published inThe Journal of pediatrics Vol. 154; no. 3; pp. 409 - 414
Main Authors Vaidyanathan, Ambarish, MS, Staley, Forrest, MUP, Shire, Jeffrey, MS, Muthukumar, Subrahmanyam, MCRP, Kennedy, Chinaro, DrPH, MPH, Meyer, Pamela A., PhD, Brown, Mary Jean, ScD, RN
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Published Maryland Heights, MO Elsevier Inc 01.03.2009
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Abstract Objective To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. Study design This ecologic study used existing blood lead results of children aged ≤36 months tested and living in one of Atlanta's 236 neighborhoods in 2005. Geographic information systems used Census, land parcel, and neighborhood spatial data to create a neighborhood priority testing index on the basis of proxies for poverty (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children [WIC] enrollment) and lead in house paint (year housing built). Results In 2005, only 11.9% of Atlanta's 18 627 children aged ≤36 months living in the city had blood lead tests, despite a high prevalence of risk factors: 75 286 (89.6%) residential properties were built before 1978, and 44% of children were enrolled in WIC. Linear regression analysis indicated testing was significantly associated with WIC status ( P < .001) but not with old housing. Conclusions This neighborhood spatial approach provided smaller geographic areas to assign risk and assess testing in a city that has a high prevalence of risk factors for lead exposure. Testing may be improved by collaboration between pediatricians and public health practitioners.
AbstractList To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. This ecologic study used existing blood lead results of children aged <or=36 months tested and living in one of Atlanta's 236 neighborhoods in 2005. Geographic information systems used Census, land parcel, and neighborhood spatial data to create a neighborhood priority testing index on the basis of proxies for poverty (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children [WIC] enrollment) and lead in house paint (year housing built). In 2005, only 11.9% of Atlanta's 18,627 children aged <or=36 months living in the city had blood lead tests, despite a high prevalence of risk factors: 75,286 (89.6%) residential properties were built before 1978, and 44% of children were enrolled in WIC. Linear regression analysis indicated testing was significantly associated with WIC status (P < .001) but not with old housing. This neighborhood spatial approach provided smaller geographic areas to assign risk and assess testing in a city that has a high prevalence of risk factors for lead exposure. Testing may be improved by collaboration between pediatricians and public health practitioners.
To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. This ecologic study used existing blood lead results of children aged ≤36 months tested and living in one of Atlanta's 236 neighborhoods in 2005. Geographic information systems used Census, land parcel, and neighborhood spatial data to create a neighborhood priority testing index on the basis of proxies for poverty (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children [WIC] enrollment) and lead in house paint (year housing built). In 2005, only 11.9% of Atlanta's 18 627 children aged ≤36 months living in the city had blood lead tests, despite a high prevalence of risk factors: 75 286 (89.6%) residential properties were built before 1978, and 44% of children were enrolled in WIC. Linear regression analysis indicated testing was significantly associated with WIC status (P < .001) but not with old housing. This neighborhood spatial approach provided smaller geographic areas to assign risk and assess testing in a city that has a high prevalence of risk factors for lead exposure. Testing may be improved by collaboration between pediatricians and public health practitioners.
Objective To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. Study design This ecologic study used existing blood lead results of children aged ≤36 months tested and living in one of Atlanta's 236 neighborhoods in 2005. Geographic information systems used Census, land parcel, and neighborhood spatial data to create a neighborhood priority testing index on the basis of proxies for poverty (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children [WIC] enrollment) and lead in house paint (year housing built). Results In 2005, only 11.9% of Atlanta's 18 627 children aged ≤36 months living in the city had blood lead tests, despite a high prevalence of risk factors: 75 286 (89.6%) residential properties were built before 1978, and 44% of children were enrolled in WIC. Linear regression analysis indicated testing was significantly associated with WIC status ( P < .001) but not with old housing. Conclusions This neighborhood spatial approach provided smaller geographic areas to assign risk and assess testing in a city that has a high prevalence of risk factors for lead exposure. Testing may be improved by collaboration between pediatricians and public health practitioners.
Author Staley, Forrest, MUP
Vaidyanathan, Ambarish, MS
Kennedy, Chinaro, DrPH, MPH
Muthukumar, Subrahmanyam, MCRP
Brown, Mary Jean, ScD, RN
Shire, Jeffrey, MS
Meyer, Pamela A., PhD
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Issue 3
Keywords GIS
WIC
BLL
CDC
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
GACLPPP
Geographic information system
Georgia Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program
CMS
Blood lead level
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
Human
Social influence
Pediatrics
Exposure
Residential neighborhoods
Medical screening
Saturnism
Heavy metal
Geographic distribution
Risk factor
Lead
Poisoning
Child
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Snippet Objective To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the...
To develop a spatial strategy to assess neighborhood risk for lead exposure and neighborhood-level blood lead testing of young children living in the city of...
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pascalfrancis
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SubjectTerms Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data
General aspects
Geography
Georgia - epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Lead - blood
Lead Poisoning - blood
Lead Poisoning - epidemiology
Mass Screening
Medical sciences
Pediatrics
Prevention and actions
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Residence Characteristics
Risk
Urban Health - statistics & numerical data
Urban Population - statistics & numerical data
Title Screening for Lead Poisoning: A Geospatial Approach to Determine Testing of Children in At-Risk Neighborhoods
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0022347608008032
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.09.027
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19026427
Volume 154
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