Resistant starch from high amylose maize (HAM‐RS2) reduces body fat and increases gut bacteria in ovariectomized (OVX) rats
Objective: Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females. Design and Methods: Resistant starch type 2 f...
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| Published in | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Vol. 21; no. 5; pp. 981 - 984 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hoboken, USA
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.05.2013
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Objective:
Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females.
Design and Methods:
Resistant starch type 2 from high‐amylose maize (HAM‐RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM‐RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM‐RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham.
Results:
In a 6‐week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM‐RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM‐RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM‐RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAM‐RS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results.
Conclusion:
This study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM‐RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated. |
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| AbstractList | Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females. Resistant starch type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM-RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM-RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham. In a 6-week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM-RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM-RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM-RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAMRS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results. This study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM-RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated. Objective: Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females. Design and Methods: Resistant starch type 2 from high‐amylose maize (HAM‐RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM‐RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM‐RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham. Results: In a 6‐week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM‐RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM‐RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM‐RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAM‐RS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results. Conclusion: This study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM‐RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated. Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females. Resistant starch type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM-RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM-RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham. In a 6-week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM-RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM-RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM-RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAM-RS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results. This study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM-RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated. Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females.OBJECTIVEObesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females.Resistant starch type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM-RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM-RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham.DESIGN AND METHODSResistant starch type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM-RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM-RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham.In a 6-week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM-RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM-RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM-RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAM-RS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results.RESULTSIn a 6-week, postsurgery recovery period, OVX rats gained more body weight with consumption of a similar amount of food. Subsequently, consumption of HAM-RS2 versus EC diets resulted in reduced abdominal fat in both OVX and sham rats; but when normalized for disemboweled body weight (body weight minus GI tract), there was no effect of surgery, only reduction with HAM-RS2. Targeted bacterial populations were estimated that are known to ferment HAM-RS2 or metabolize the products of that initial fermentation. OVX and sham rats demonstrated increased bacterial levels with dietary HAM-RS2 for all bacteria. Additionally, culture techniques and qPCR provided similar results.This study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM-RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated.CONCLUSIONThis study shows that, as expected, OVX increases adiposity. However, contrary to previous effects seen in obese mice, this did not prevent fermentation of HAM-RS2 and consequently, the fat gain associated with OVX was attenuated. |
| Author | Janes, Marlene Robert, Julina Raggio, Anne M. Tulley, Richard Senevirathne, Reshani N. Keenan, Michael J. Pelkman, Christine McCutcheon, Kathleen L. Goita, M'Famara Martin, Roy J. Durham, Holiday A. Zhou, June |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA 3 Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, USA 4 Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA 2 Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA 6 Laboratory of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 1 Department of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA – name: 6 Laboratory of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA – name: 1 Department of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA – name: 5 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA – name: 3 Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, USA – name: 2 Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michael J. surname: Keenan fullname: Keenan, Michael J. email: mkeenan@agcenter.lsu.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Marlene surname: Janes fullname: Janes, Marlene – sequence: 3 givenname: Julina surname: Robert fullname: Robert, Julina – sequence: 4 givenname: Roy J. surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Roy J. – sequence: 5 givenname: Anne M. surname: Raggio fullname: Raggio, Anne M. – sequence: 6 givenname: Kathleen L. surname: McCutcheon fullname: McCutcheon, Kathleen L. – sequence: 7 givenname: Christine surname: Pelkman fullname: Pelkman, Christine – sequence: 8 givenname: Richard surname: Tulley fullname: Tulley, Richard – sequence: 9 givenname: M'Famara surname: Goita fullname: Goita, M'Famara – sequence: 10 givenname: Holiday A. surname: Durham fullname: Durham, Holiday A. – sequence: 11 givenname: June surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, June – sequence: 12 givenname: Reshani N. surname: Senevirathne fullname: Senevirathne, Reshani N. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23784900$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | Disclosure: Michael Keenan and Roy Martin have received funding from Ingredion Incorporated for research. Christine Pelkman is an employee of Ingredion Incorporated. Funding agencies: This study was supported with funding from Ingredion Incorporated, the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, and the Gordon Cain Professorship in the School of Human Ecology of the College of Agriculture of Louisiana State University SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the... Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adipose Tissue - drug effects Adipose Tissue - metabolism Animals Bacteria Bacteria - drug effects Body fat Cellulose Deoxyribonucleic acid Diet Dietary Fiber - pharmacology Dietary Fiber - therapeutic use DNA E coli Female Fermentation Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology Genetic testing Large intestine Menopause Methods Microbiota Obesity Obesity - etiology Obesity - microbiology Obesity - prevention & control Ovariectomy Plant Preparations - pharmacology Plant Preparations - therapeutic use Prebiotics Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rodents Starch - analogs & derivatives Starch - pharmacology Starch - therapeutic use Surgery Weight Gain - drug effects Zea mays - chemistry |
| Title | Resistant starch from high amylose maize (HAM‐RS2) reduces body fat and increases gut bacteria in ovariectomized (OVX) rats |
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