Aspergillus nidulansα-galactosidase of glycoside hydrolase family 36 catalyses the formation of α-galacto-oligosaccharides by transglycosylation
The α-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α-galactosidases and α-galacto-oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g·L⁻¹ culture) as His-tag fusion in Escher...
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| Published in | The FEBS journal Vol. 277; no. 17; pp. 3538 - 3551 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.09.2010
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The α-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α-galactosidases and α-galacto-oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g·L⁻¹ culture) as His-tag fusion in Escherichia coli, catalysed efficient transglycosylation with α-(1[rightward arrow]6) regioselectivity from 40 m m 4-nitrophenol α- d-galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37-74% yield of 4-nitrophenol α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Galp, α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp and α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp-(α1[rightward arrow]β2)- d-Fruf (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 m m) and the donor 4-nitrophenol α- d-galactopyranoside (40 m m), α-(1[rightward arrow]6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39-58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6-hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, l-arabinose, l-fucose and l-rhamnose, or with axial 3-OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and l-rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 α-galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 α-galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3-OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C-6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 m m), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred α-galactosyl to 6-OH of the terminal residue in the α-linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6-46% yield and the β-linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28-38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI-MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Manp; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-β- d-Glcp-(1[rightward arrow]4)- d-Glcp; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-β- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]4)- d-Fruf; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp-(α1[rightward arrow]α1)- d-Glcp; and α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Glcp-(1[rightward arrow]3)- d-Fruf. |
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| AbstractList | The α-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α-galactosidases and α-galacto-oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g·L⁻¹ culture) as His-tag fusion in Escherichia coli, catalysed efficient transglycosylation with α-(1[rightward arrow]6) regioselectivity from 40 m m 4-nitrophenol α- d-galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37-74% yield of 4-nitrophenol α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Galp, α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp and α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp-(α1[rightward arrow]β2)- d-Fruf (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 m m) and the donor 4-nitrophenol α- d-galactopyranoside (40 m m), α-(1[rightward arrow]6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39-58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6-hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, l-arabinose, l-fucose and l-rhamnose, or with axial 3-OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and l-rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 α-galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 α-galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3-OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C-6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 m m), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred α-galactosyl to 6-OH of the terminal residue in the α-linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6-46% yield and the β-linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28-38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI-MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Manp; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-β- d-Glcp-(1[rightward arrow]4)- d-Glcp; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-β- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]4)- d-Fruf; α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)- d-Glcp-(α1[rightward arrow]α1)- d-Glcp; and α- d-Galp-(1[rightward arrow]6)-α- d-Glcp-(1[rightward arrow]3)- d-Fruf. The alpha-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic alpha-galactosidases and alpha-galacto-oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g.L(-1) culture) as His-tag fusion in Escherichia coli, catalysed efficient transglycosylation with alpha-(1-->6) regioselectivity from 40 mm 4-nitrophenol alpha-d-galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37-74% yield of 4-nitrophenol alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Galp, alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp and alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp-(alpha1-->beta2)-d-Fruf (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 mm) and the donor 4-nitrophenol alpha-D-galactopyranoside (40 mm), alpha-(1-->6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39-58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6-hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, L-arabinose, L-fucose and L-rhamnose, or with axial 3-OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and L-rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 alpha-galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 alpha-galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3-OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C-6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 mm), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred alpha-galactosyl to 6-OH of the terminal residue in the alpha-linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6-46% yield and the beta-linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28-38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI-MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Manp; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-beta-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glcp; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-D-Fruf; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp-(alpha1-->alpha1)-D-Glcp; and alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-D-Fruf. The α‐galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α‐galactosidases and α‐galacto‐oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g·L−1 culture) as His‐tag fusion in Escherichia coli, catalysed efficient transglycosylation with α‐(1→6) regioselectivity from 40 mm 4‐nitrophenol α‐d‐galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37–74% yield of 4‐nitrophenol α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐d‐Galp, α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐d‐Glcp and α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐d‐Glcp‐(α1→β2)‐d‐Fruf (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 mm) and the donor 4‐nitrophenol α‐d‐galactopyranoside (40 mm), α‐(1→6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39–58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6‐hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, l‐arabinose, l‐fucose and l‐rhamnose, or with axial 3‐OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and l‐rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 α‐galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 α‐galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3‐OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C‐6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 mm), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred α‐galactosyl to 6‐OH of the terminal residue in the α‐linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6–46% yield and the β‐linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28–38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI‐MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐d‐Manp; α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐β‐d‐Glcp‐(1→4)‐d‐Glcp; α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐β‐d‐Galp‐(1→4)‐d‐Fruf; α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐d‐Glcp‐(α1→α1)‐d‐Glcp; and α‐d‐Galp‐(1→6)‐α‐d‐Glcp‐(1→3)‐d‐Fruf. The alpha-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic alpha-galactosidases and alpha-galacto-oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g.L(-1) culture) as His-tag fusion in Escherichia coli, catalysed efficient transglycosylation with alpha-(1-->6) regioselectivity from 40 mm 4-nitrophenol alpha-d-galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37-74% yield of 4-nitrophenol alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Galp, alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp and alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp-(alpha1-->beta2)-d-Fruf (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 mm) and the donor 4-nitrophenol alpha-D-galactopyranoside (40 mm), alpha-(1-->6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39-58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6-hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, L-arabinose, L-fucose and L-rhamnose, or with axial 3-OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and L-rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 alpha-galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 alpha-galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3-OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C-6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 mm), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred alpha-galactosyl to 6-OH of the terminal residue in the alpha-linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6-46% yield and the beta-linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28-38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI-MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Manp; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-beta-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glcp; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-D-Fruf; alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glcp-(alpha1-->alpha1)-D-Glcp; and alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-D-Fruf. The α‐galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α‐galactosidases and α‐galacto‐oligosaccharide synthases of glycoside hydrolase family 36 (GH36). The recombinant AglC, produced in high yield (0.65 g·L −1 culture) as His‐tag fusion in Escherichia coli , catalysed efficient transglycosylation with α‐(1→6) regioselectivity from 40 m m 4‐nitrophenol α‐ d ‐galactopyranoside, melibiose or raffinose, resulting in a 37–74% yield of 4‐nitrophenol α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐ d ‐Gal p , α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐ d ‐Glc p and α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐ d ‐Glc p ‐(α1→β2)‐ d ‐Fru f (stachyose), respectively. Furthermore, among 10 monosaccharide acceptor candidates (400 m m ) and the donor 4‐nitrophenol α‐ d ‐galactopyranoside (40 m m ), α‐(1→6) linked galactodisaccharides were also obtained with galactose, glucose and mannose in high yields of 39–58%. AglC did not transglycosylate monosaccharides without the 6‐hydroxymethyl group, i.e. xylose, l ‐arabinose, l ‐fucose and l ‐rhamnose, or with axial 3‐OH, i.e. gulose, allose, altrose and l ‐rhamnose. Structural modelling using Thermotoga maritima GH36 α‐galactosidase as the template and superimposition of melibiose from the complex with human GH27 α‐galactosidase supported that recognition at subsite +1 in AglC presumably requires a hydrogen bond between 3‐OH and Trp358 and a hydrophobic environment around the C‐6 hydroxymethyl group. In addition, successful transglycosylation of eight of 10 disaccharides (400 m m ), except xylobiose and arabinobiose, indicated broad specificity for interaction with the +2 subsite. AglC thus transferred α‐galactosyl to 6‐OH of the terminal residue in the α‐linked melibiose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose and turanose in 6–46% yield and the β‐linked lactose, lactulose and cellobiose in 28–38% yield. The product structures were identified using NMR and ESI‐MS and five of the 13 identified products were novel, i.e. α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐ d ‐Man p ; α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐β‐ d ‐Glc p ‐(1→4)‐ d ‐Glc p ; α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐β‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→4)‐ d ‐Fru f ; α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐ d ‐Glc p ‐(α1→α1)‐ d ‐Glc p ; and α‐ d ‐Gal p ‐(1→6)‐α‐ d ‐Glc p ‐(1→3)‐ d ‐Fru f . |
| Author | Schols, Henk A Svensson, Birte Petersen, Bent O Duus, Jens Ø Baumann, Martin J Hachem, Maher Abou Dilokpimol, Adiphol Westphal, Yvonne Nakai, Hiroyuki |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20681989$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | The α-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α-galactosidases and α-galacto-oligosaccharide... The α‐galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α‐galactosidases and α‐galacto‐oligosaccharide... The alpha-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic alpha-galactosidases and... The α‐galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans (AglC) belongs to a phylogenetic cluster containing eukaryotic α‐galactosidases and α‐galacto‐oligosaccharide... |
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| SubjectTerms | acceptor specificity alpha-Galactosidase - biosynthesis alpha-Galactosidase - isolation & purification alpha-Galactosidase - metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Aspergillus nidulans - enzymology Biocatalysis Carbohydrate Conformation carbohydrate structural analysis Cloning, Molecular Escherichia coli - metabolism Glycosylation Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Hydrolysis Kinetics Models, Molecular Oligosaccharides - biosynthesis Oligosaccharides - chemistry Phylogeny Recombinant Proteins - biosynthesis Recombinant Proteins - isolation & purification Recombinant Proteins - metabolism Temperature transglycosylation α-galacto-oligosaccharides α-galactosidase |
| Title | Aspergillus nidulansα-galactosidase of glycoside hydrolase family 36 catalyses the formation of α-galacto-oligosaccharides by transglycosylation |
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