Biological Features of Extracellular Vesicles and Challenges

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins on the inside. EVs were once thought to be vesicles for the removal of waste materials, bu...

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Published inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology Vol. 10; p. 816698
Main Authors Zeng, Ye, Qiu, Yan, Jiang, Wenli, Shen, Junyi, Yao, Xinghong, He, Xueling, Li, Liang, Fu, Bingmei, Liu, Xiaoheng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 24.06.2022
Subjects
biological feature
biomarker
Cell and Developmental Biology
clinical application
drug delivery
exosomes
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Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins on the inside. EVs were once thought to be vesicles for the removal of waste materials, but are now known to be involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes in many diseases. This study examines the advantage of EVs and the challenges associated with their application. A more rational use of the advantageous properties of EVs such as composition specificity, specific targeting, circulatory stability, active penetration of biological barriers, high efficient drug delivery vehicles and anticancer vaccines, oxidative phosphorylation activity and enzymatic activity, and the resolution of shortcomings such as isolation and purification methods, storage conditions and pharmacokinetics and biodistribution patterns during drug delivery will facilitate the clinical application of EVs.
AbstractList Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins on the inside. EVs were once thought to be vesicles for the removal of waste materials, but are now known to be involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes in many diseases. This study examines the advantage of EVs and the challenges associated with their application. A more rational use of the advantageous properties of EVs such as composition specificity, specific targeting, circulatory stability, active penetration of biological barriers, high efficient drug delivery vehicles and anticancer vaccines, oxidative phosphorylation activity and enzymatic activity, and the resolution of shortcomings such as isolation and purification methods, storage conditions and pharmacokinetics and biodistribution patterns during drug delivery will facilitate the clinical application of EVs.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins on the inside. EVs were once thought to be vesicles for the removal of waste materials, but are now known to be involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes in many diseases. This study examines the advantage of EVs and the challenges associated with their application. A more rational use of the advantageous properties of EVs such as composition specificity, specific targeting, circulatory stability, active penetration of biological barriers, high efficient drug delivery vehicles and anticancer vaccines, oxidative phosphorylation activity and enzymatic activity, and the resolution of shortcomings such as isolation and purification methods, storage conditions and pharmacokinetics and biodistribution patterns during drug delivery will facilitate the clinical application of EVs.Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins on the inside. EVs were once thought to be vesicles for the removal of waste materials, but are now known to be involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes in many diseases. This study examines the advantage of EVs and the challenges associated with their application. A more rational use of the advantageous properties of EVs such as composition specificity, specific targeting, circulatory stability, active penetration of biological barriers, high efficient drug delivery vehicles and anticancer vaccines, oxidative phosphorylation activity and enzymatic activity, and the resolution of shortcomings such as isolation and purification methods, storage conditions and pharmacokinetics and biodistribution patterns during drug delivery will facilitate the clinical application of EVs.
Author Zeng, Ye
Shen, Junyi
Qiu, Yan
Li, Liang
Fu, Bingmei
Jiang, Wenli
He, Xueling
Yao, Xinghong
Liu, Xiaoheng
AuthorAffiliation 2 Laboratory Animal Center of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
3 Department of Biomedical Engineering , The City College of the City University of New York , New York , NY , United States
1 Institute of Biomedical Engineering , West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Laboratory Animal Center of Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
– name: 1 Institute of Biomedical Engineering , West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
– name: 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering , The City College of the City University of New York , New York , NY , United States
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Ye
  surname: Zeng
  fullname: Zeng, Ye
– sequence: 2
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  surname: Jiang
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– sequence: 8
  givenname: Bingmei
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  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Xiaoheng
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Snippet Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane on the outside, which are widely found in various body fluids and contain biological...
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SubjectTerms biological feature
biomarker
Cell and Developmental Biology
clinical application
drug delivery
exosomes
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Title Biological Features of Extracellular Vesicles and Challenges
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