Molecular Characterization of β-Thalassemia in Nineveh Province Illustrates the Relative Heterogeneity of Mutation Distributions in Northern Iraq

Beta thalassemia is an important health problem in Nineveh province, a large province in Northwestern Iraq. No previous study of significance had focused on the spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in this part of the country. A total of 94 unrelated β-thalassemia minor subjects from the latter provi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inIndian journal of hematology & blood transfusion Vol. 31; no. 2; pp. 213 - 217
Main Authors Eissa, Adil A., Kashmoola, Muna A., Atroshi, Sulav D., Al-Allawi, Nasir A. S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published India Springer India 01.06.2015
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract Beta thalassemia is an important health problem in Nineveh province, a large province in Northwestern Iraq. No previous study of significance had focused on the spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in this part of the country. A total of 94 unrelated β-thalassemia minor subjects from the latter province were recruited. Their carrier status was confirmed by full blood count, Hb A2 and F estimation. Thereafter their DNA was subjected to multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization to detect 20 β-thalassemia mutations. A total of eleven different β-thalassemia mutations were documented. The most frequent mutation was IVS-I-110 (G>A) documented in 34 %, followed by IVS-I-6 (T>C) in 9.6 %, IVS-I-5(G>C) in 8.5 %, codon 39 (C>T) and codon 44 (−C) in 7.4 % each, while IVS-I-1(G>A) and IVS-II-1(G>A) were encountered in 6.4 % each. Other mutations were less frequent including codon 8 (−AA), IVS-I-130 (G>C), codon 5 (−CT) and IVS-II-745(C>G). The current study revealed notable differences in the relative frequencies of several β-thalassemia mutations in Nineveh province as compared to other parts of Northern Iraq. Such an observation may be reflective of different ethnic backgrounds and varying historical population interactions. It is believed that these findings complement those of earlier studies on β-thalassemia mutations from the country, and are quite essential in the setting of a proposed national preventive program.
AbstractList Beta thalassemia is an important health problem in Nineveh province, a large province in Northwestern Iraq. No previous study of significance had focused on the spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in this part of the country. A total of 94 unrelated β-thalassemia minor subjects from the latter province were recruited. Their carrier status was confirmed by full blood count, Hb A2 and F estimation. Thereafter their DNA was subjected to multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization to detect 20 β-thalassemia mutations. A total of eleven different β-thalassemia mutations were documented. The most frequent mutation was IVS-I-110 (G>A) documented in 34 %, followed by IVS-I-6 (T>C) in 9.6 %, IVS-I-5(G>C) in 8.5 %, codon 39 (C>T) and codon 44 (−C) in 7.4 % each, while IVS-I-1(G>A) and IVS-II-1(G>A) were encountered in 6.4 % each. Other mutations were less frequent including codon 8 (−AA), IVS-I-130 (G>C), codon 5 (−CT) and IVS-II-745(C>G). The current study revealed notable differences in the relative frequencies of several β-thalassemia mutations in Nineveh province as compared to other parts of Northern Iraq. Such an observation may be reflective of different ethnic backgrounds and varying historical population interactions. It is believed that these findings complement those of earlier studies on β-thalassemia mutations from the country, and are quite essential in the setting of a proposed national preventive program.
Beta thalassemia is an important health problem in Nineveh province, a large province in Northwestern Iraq. No previous study of significance had focused on the spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in this part of the country. A total of 94 unrelated β-thalassemia minor subjects from the latter province were recruited. Their carrier status was confirmed by full blood count, Hb A2 and F estimation. Thereafter their DNA was subjected to multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization to detect 20 β-thalassemia mutations. A total of eleven different β-thalassemia mutations were documented. The most frequent mutation was IVS-I-110 (G>A) documented in 34 %, followed by IVS-I-6 (T>C) in 9.6 %, IVS-I-5(G>C) in 8.5 %, codon 39 (C>T) and codon 44 (-C) in 7.4 % each, while IVS-I-1(G>A) and IVS-II-1(G>A) were encountered in 6.4 % each. Other mutations were less frequent including codon 8 (-AA), IVS-I-130 (G>C), codon 5 (-CT) and IVS-II-745(C>G). The current study revealed notable differences in the relative frequencies of several β-thalassemia mutations in Nineveh province as compared to other parts of Northern Iraq. Such an observation may be reflective of different ethnic backgrounds and varying historical population interactions. It is believed that these findings complement those of earlier studies on β-thalassemia mutations from the country, and are quite essential in the setting of a proposed national preventive program.
Author Eissa, Adil A.
Kashmoola, Muna A.
Atroshi, Sulav D.
Al-Allawi, Nasir A. S.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Adil A.
  surname: Eissa
  fullname: Eissa, Adil A.
  organization: Department of Pathology, Scientific Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Duhok
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Muna A.
  surname: Kashmoola
  fullname: Kashmoola, Muna A.
  organization: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Mousel
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Sulav D.
  surname: Atroshi
  fullname: Atroshi, Sulav D.
  organization: Department of Hematology, Azadi Teaching Hospital
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Nasir A. S.
  surname: Al-Allawi
  fullname: Al-Allawi, Nasir A. S.
  email: nallawi@yahoo.com
  organization: Department of Pathology, Scientific Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Duhok
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25825560$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kc1u1DAUhS1URH_gAdggL9kEbMeOkw0SGn46UgsIlbXleG4mrjx2azsjlcfoo_RBeCacplSwYWVf3XM--95zjA588IDQS0reUELk20QZa9uKUF6Ruukq-gQdkU6WivPu4P5OKy4IO0THKV0S0tCai2fokImWCdGQI3R7HhyYyemIV6OO2mSI9qfONngcBvzrrroYtdMpwc5qbD3-Yj3sYcTfYthbbwCvnZtSjjpDwnkE_B1cse8Bn0JhhS14sPlmhp1PeQF_sMVg-2ku0j00xGKNHq-jvn6Ong7aJXjxcJ6gH58-XqxOq7Ovn9er92eV4ZzlygykB06YlBvB9SCp5ppvpAHW9NA2m6Y1sgZBKaMDA6lb6PsWJPBO9oKbrj5B7xbu1dTvYGPAlymcuop2p-ONCtqqfzvejmob9orXUlBOC-D1AyCG6wlSVjubDDinPYQpKdo0LeOk63iR0kVqYkgpwvD4DCVqzlItWaqSpZqzVDP-1d__e3T8Ca8I2CJIpeW3ENVlmKIvO_sP9Tety7Gg
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1080_03630269_2021_1984250
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11033_023_08271_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12687_020_00495_z
Cites_doi 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2004.00138.x
10.3109/03630260009002268
10.1080/03630260600868097
10.3109/03630269.2010.526440
10.1080/09723757.2008.11886034
10.1186/1750-1172-5-11
10.1093/nar/gkh006
10.1111/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02087.x
10.1007/s12687-012-0127-8
10.3109/03630269.2013.810641
10.1186/1742-4755-6-17
10.3109/01676830.2010.513591
10.1002/ajh.1143
10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199803)57:3<215::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-Y
10.1081/HEM-120002938
10.1081/HEM-100105221
10.3109/03630269009002250
10.1081/HEM-100107877
10.1002/9780470696705
10.1080/03630260701296735
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Indian Society of Haematology & Transfusion Medicine 2014
Copyright_xml – notice: Indian Society of Haematology & Transfusion Medicine 2014
DBID NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1007/s12288-014-0369-1
DatabaseName PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
PubMed

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 0974-0449
EndPage 217
ExternalDocumentID 10_1007_s12288_014_0369_1
25825560
Genre Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
-5E
-5G
-BR
-EM
-Y2
-~C
.86
.VR
04Q
04T
06C
06D
0R~
0VY
1N0
203
29I
29~
2J2
2JN
2JY
2KG
2KM
2LR
2VQ
2~H
30V
3V.
4.4
406
408
40D
40E
53G
5GY
5VS
67Z
6NX
7X7
8FI
8FJ
8TC
95-
95.
95~
96X
AAAVM
AABHQ
AAFGU
AAHNG
AAIAL
AAJKR
AANXM
AANZL
AAPBV
AARHV
AARTL
AATNV
AATVU
AAUYE
AAWCG
AAYFA
AAYIU
AAYQN
AAYTO
ABDZT
ABECU
ABFGW
ABFTV
ABHQN
ABJNI
ABJOX
ABKAS
ABKCH
ABMNI
ABMQK
ABNWP
ABPLI
ABQBU
ABSXP
ABTEG
ABTKH
ABTMW
ABULA
ABUWG
ABWNU
ABXPI
ACBMV
ACBRV
ACBYP
ACGFS
ACHSB
ACHXU
ACIGE
ACIPQ
ACKNC
ACMDZ
ACMLO
ACOKC
ACOMO
ACSNA
ACTTH
ACVWB
ACWMK
ADBBV
ADFRT
ADHHG
ADINQ
ADKNI
ADKPE
ADMDM
ADOXG
ADRFC
ADTPH
ADURQ
ADYFF
ADZKW
AEBTG
AEFTE
AEGAL
AEGNC
AEJHL
AEJRE
AEKMD
AENEX
AEOHA
AEPYU
AESKC
AESTI
AETLH
AEVLU
AEVTX
AEXYK
AFKRA
AFLOW
AFNRJ
AFQWF
AFWTZ
AFZKB
AGAYW
AGDGC
AGGBP
AGJBK
AGMZJ
AGQMX
AGWIL
AGWZB
AGYKE
AHAVH
AHBYD
AHKAY
AHMBA
AHSBF
AHYZX
AIAKS
AIIXL
AILAN
AIMYW
AITGF
AJBLW
AJDOV
AJRNO
AJZVZ
AKMHD
AKQUC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALWAN
AMKLP
AMXSW
AMYLF
AMYQR
AOCGG
AOIJS
ARMRJ
AXYYD
B-.
BA0
BAWUL
BDATZ
BENPR
BGNMA
BPHCQ
BVXVI
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
CSCUP
DDRTE
DIK
DNIVK
DPUIP
DU5
EBLON
EBS
EIOEI
EJD
EN4
FERAY
FFXSO
FIGPU
FINBP
FNLPD
FRRFC
FSGXE
FWDCC
FYUFA
G-Y
G-Z
GGCAI
GGRSB
GJIRD
GNWQR
GQ6
GQ7
GX1
HF~
HG5
HG6
HLICF
HMCUK
HMJXF
HRMNR
HYE
HZ~
IJ-
IKXTQ
IWAJR
IXD
I~X
I~Z
J-C
J0Z
JBSCW
JZLTJ
KOV
KPH
LLZTM
M4Y
MA-
NPVJJ
NQJWS
NU0
O9-
O93
O9I
O9J
OAM
OK1
P9S
PF0
PQQKQ
PROAC
PT4
QOR
QOS
R89
R9I
ROL
RPM
RPX
RSV
S16
S1Z
S27
S37
S3B
SAP
SDH
SHX
SISQX
SMD
SNE
SNPRN
SNX
SOHCF
SOJ
SPISZ
SRMVM
SSLCW
SSXJD
STPWE
SZ9
SZN
T13
TSG
TSK
TT1
TUC
U2A
U9L
UG4
UKHRP
UNUBA
UOJIU
UTJUX
UZXMN
VC2
VFIZW
W48
WK8
YLTOR
Z45
Z87
ZMTXR
ZOVNA
~A9
AACDK
AAJBT
AASML
AAYZH
ABAKF
ACAOD
ACDTI
ACZOJ
AEFQL
AEMSY
AFBBN
AGQEE
AGRTI
AIGIU
ALIPV
H13
NPM
SJYHP
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-cf0be40277d54af71a4a4d7ce26be86d68c73e51121f2e7a8ebb8e7e497b54c93
IEDL.DBID RPM
ISSN 0971-4502
IngestDate Tue Sep 17 21:29:00 EDT 2024
Fri Oct 25 07:47:58 EDT 2024
Thu Sep 12 18:16:44 EDT 2024
Wed Oct 16 00:47:40 EDT 2024
Sat Dec 16 12:01:39 EST 2023
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 2
Keywords Molecular basis
Iraq
Beta thalassemia
Nineveh
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c442t-cf0be40277d54af71a4a4d7ce26be86d68c73e51121f2e7a8ebb8e7e497b54c93
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4375141?pdf=render
PMID 25825560
PQID 1668240994
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 5
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4375141
proquest_miscellaneous_1668240994
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12288_014_0369_1
pubmed_primary_25825560
springer_journals_10_1007_s12288_014_0369_1
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2015-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2015-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2015
  text: 2015-06-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace India
PublicationPlace_xml – name: India
PublicationTitle Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion
PublicationTitleAbbrev Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus
PublicationTitleAlternate Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus
PublicationYear 2015
Publisher Springer India
Publisher_xml – name: Springer India
References SadiqMFEigelAHorstJSpectrum of β-thalassemia in Jordan: identification of two novel mutationsAm J Hematol200168162210.1002/ajh.11431:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXms1WitLk%3D11559932
AltayCThe frequency and distribution pattern of β-thalassemia mutations in turkeyTurk J Hematol2002193093151:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmslGqsQ%3D%3D
KyriacouKAlQFPavlouEChristopoulosGIoannouPKleanthousMMolecular characterization of beta-thalassemia in SyriaHemoglobin20002411310.3109/036302600090022681:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhvVaktbw%3D10722110
MakhoulNJWellsRSKasparHShbakloHTaherAChakarNZallouaPAGenetic heterogeneity of beta thalassemia in Lebanon reflects historic and recent population migrationAnn Hum Genet200569556610.1046/j.1529-8817.2004.00138.x1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhs1amt7k%3D15638828
TadmouriGOTüzmenSÖzçelikHÖzerABaigSMSengaEBBaşakANMolecular and population genetic analyses of β-thalassemias in TurkeyAm J Hematol19985721522010.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199803)57:3<215::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-Y1:STN:280:DyaK1c7lsVOlsg%3D%3D9495372
Patrinos GP, Giardine B, Riemer C, Miller W, Chui DKH, Anagnou NP, Wajcman H, Hardison RC (2004) Improvement in HbVar Database of human hemoglobin variants and thalassemia mutations for population and sequence variation studies. Nucleic Acids Res 32 (Database issue): D537–D541 (http://globin.sce.psu.edu)
JalalSAl-AllawiNBayatNImanianHNajmabadiHFarajABeta thalassemia mutations in the Kurdish population of Northeastern IraqHemoglobin20103446947610.3109/01676830.2010.5135911:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFOktrfO20854121
GuptaASarwaiSPathakNAgarwalSBeta-globin gene mutations in India and their linkage to β-haplotypesInt J Hum Genet200882372411:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXjt1Sksrw%3D
GalanelloROrigaRBeta-thalassemiaOrphanet J Rare Dis201051110.1186/1750-1172-5-11289311720492708
TamagniniGPLopesMCCastanheiraMEWainscotJSWoodWGβ+Thalassaemia—Portuguese type: clinical, haematological and molecular studies of a newly defined form of β-thalassaemiaBr J Haematol198354189200
HamamyHAl-AllawiNThe epidemiology of haemoglobinopathies in Arab countriesJ Commun Genet2013414716710.1007/s12687-012-0127-8
Al-AllawiNHassanKMASheikhaAKNerweiyFFDawoodRSJubraelJBeta thalassemia mutations among transfusion dependent thalassemia major patients in Northern IraqMol Biol Int2010321830722110956
El-LatifMAFilonDRundDOppenheimAKanaanMThe β+-IVS-I-6 (T→C) mutation accounts for half of the thalassemia chromosomes in the Palestinian populations of the mountain regionsHemoglobin200226334010.1081/HEM-1200029381:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xis1Onur0%3D11939510
BaşakANThe molecular pathology of β-thalassemia in Turkey: the Boģaziçi university experienceHemoglobin20073123324110.1080/0363026070129673517486506
Al-AllawiNJubraelJHughsonMMolecular characterization of β thalassemias in Dohuk Region of IraqHemoglobin20063047948610.1080/036302606008680971:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVamsL%2FP16987803
WeatherallDJCleggJBThe thalassaemia syndromes20014OxfordBlackwell10.1002/9780470696705
NerweiyFFAl-AllawiNAJubraelJDawoodRSThe application of the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) for characterization β-thalassaemia mutations in DuhokDuhok Med J20104820
Al-AllawiNASAl-MousawiBMSBadiAIAJalalSDThe spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in Baghdad, Central IraqHemoglobin20133744445310.3109/03630269.2013.8106411:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtlykt7fJ23826747
NajmabadiHKarimi-NejadRSahebjamSPourfarzadFTeimourianSSahebjamFAmirizadehNKarimi-NejadMHThe beta-thalassemia mutation spectrum in the Iranian populationHemoglobin20012528529610.1081/HEM-1001052211:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvF2mtLY%3D11570721
GalanelloREleftheriouATraaeger-SynedionsJPetrouMAngastiniotisMPrevention of thalassemia and othe hemoglobin disorders2003NicosiaTIF Publications
TadmouriGONairPObeidTAl-AliMTHamamyHAConsanguinity and reproductive health among ArabsReprod Health200961710.1186/1742-4755-6-17276542219811666
OldJMKhanSNVermaIFucharoenSKleanthousMIoannouPKoteaNFisherCRiazuddinSSaxenaRWinichagoonPKyriacouKAl-QuobailiFKhanBA multi-center study in order to further define the molecular basis of β-thalassemia in Thailand, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Syria, and India, and to develop a simple molecular diagnostic strategy by amplification refractpry mutation system—polymerase chain reactionHemoglobin20012539740710.1081/HEM-1001078771:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjslKisw%3D%3D11791873
ŐnerRAltayCGurgeyAAksoyMKilincYStomingTAReeseALKutlarAKutlarFHuismanTHJβ-Thalassemia in TurkeyHemoglobin19901411310.3109/036302690090022502200760
Tadmouri GO (1999) β-thalassemia in Turkey: distribution, diversity, evaluation and phenotype-genotype correlations. PhD thesis. Boǵaziçi University. Turkey
http://www.britannica.com/EBcheched/topic/376828/history-of-Mesopotamia
JiffriEHBogariNZidanKHTeamaSElhawaryNAMolecular updating of β-thalassemia mutations in the upper Egyptian populationHemoglobin20103453854710.3109/03630269.2010.5264401:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVagtL%2FF21077761
N Al-Allawi (369_CR7) 2010
DJ Weatherall (369_CR1) 2001
R Galanello (369_CR2) 2010; 5
N Al-Allawi (369_CR8) 2006; 30
K Kyriacou (369_CR12) 2000; 24
369_CR19
NJ Makhoul (369_CR11) 2005; 69
369_CR5
369_CR25
H Najmabadi (369_CR13) 2001; 25
NAS Al-Allawi (369_CR20) 2013; 37
MF Sadiq (369_CR15) 2001; 68
R Őner (369_CR18) 1990; 14
369_CR21
FF Nerweiy (369_CR26) 2010; 4
C Altay (369_CR10) 2002; 19
EH Jiffri (369_CR14) 2010; 34
MA El-Latif (369_CR22) 2002; 26
JM Old (369_CR24) 2001; 25
A Gupta (369_CR23) 2008; 8
GO Tadmouri (369_CR16) 1998; 57
GO Tadmouri (369_CR4) 2009; 6
H Hamamy (369_CR3) 2013; 4
AN Başak (369_CR17) 2007; 31
S Jalal (369_CR6) 2010; 34
R Galanello (369_CR9) 2003
References_xml – volume: 69
  start-page: 55
  year: 2005
  ident: 369_CR11
  publication-title: Ann Hum Genet
  doi: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2004.00138.x
  contributor:
    fullname: NJ Makhoul
– ident: 369_CR5
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 369_CR12
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.3109/03630260009002268
  contributor:
    fullname: K Kyriacou
– volume: 30
  start-page: 479
  year: 2006
  ident: 369_CR8
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.1080/03630260600868097
  contributor:
    fullname: N Al-Allawi
– volume: 34
  start-page: 538
  year: 2010
  ident: 369_CR14
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.3109/03630269.2010.526440
  contributor:
    fullname: EH Jiffri
– volume-title: Prevention of thalassemia and othe hemoglobin disorders
  year: 2003
  ident: 369_CR9
  contributor:
    fullname: R Galanello
– ident: 369_CR19
– volume: 8
  start-page: 237
  year: 2008
  ident: 369_CR23
  publication-title: Int J Hum Genet
  doi: 10.1080/09723757.2008.11886034
  contributor:
    fullname: A Gupta
– volume: 5
  start-page: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 369_CR2
  publication-title: Orphanet J Rare Dis
  doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-11
  contributor:
    fullname: R Galanello
– ident: 369_CR25
  doi: 10.1093/nar/gkh006
– ident: 369_CR21
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02087.x
– volume: 4
  start-page: 147
  year: 2013
  ident: 369_CR3
  publication-title: J Commun Genet
  doi: 10.1007/s12687-012-0127-8
  contributor:
    fullname: H Hamamy
– volume: 19
  start-page: 309
  year: 2002
  ident: 369_CR10
  publication-title: Turk J Hematol
  contributor:
    fullname: C Altay
– volume: 37
  start-page: 444
  year: 2013
  ident: 369_CR20
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.3109/03630269.2013.810641
  contributor:
    fullname: NAS Al-Allawi
– volume: 6
  start-page: 17
  year: 2009
  ident: 369_CR4
  publication-title: Reprod Health
  doi: 10.1186/1742-4755-6-17
  contributor:
    fullname: GO Tadmouri
– volume: 34
  start-page: 469
  year: 2010
  ident: 369_CR6
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.3109/01676830.2010.513591
  contributor:
    fullname: S Jalal
– volume: 68
  start-page: 16
  year: 2001
  ident: 369_CR15
  publication-title: Am J Hematol
  doi: 10.1002/ajh.1143
  contributor:
    fullname: MF Sadiq
– volume: 4
  start-page: 8
  year: 2010
  ident: 369_CR26
  publication-title: Duhok Med J
  contributor:
    fullname: FF Nerweiy
– volume: 57
  start-page: 215
  year: 1998
  ident: 369_CR16
  publication-title: Am J Hematol
  doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199803)57:3<215::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-Y
  contributor:
    fullname: GO Tadmouri
– volume: 26
  start-page: 33
  year: 2002
  ident: 369_CR22
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.1081/HEM-120002938
  contributor:
    fullname: MA El-Latif
– volume: 25
  start-page: 285
  year: 2001
  ident: 369_CR13
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.1081/HEM-100105221
  contributor:
    fullname: H Najmabadi
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1
  year: 1990
  ident: 369_CR18
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.3109/03630269009002250
  contributor:
    fullname: R Őner
– volume: 25
  start-page: 397
  year: 2001
  ident: 369_CR24
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.1081/HEM-100107877
  contributor:
    fullname: JM Old
– volume-title: The thalassaemia syndromes
  year: 2001
  ident: 369_CR1
  doi: 10.1002/9780470696705
  contributor:
    fullname: DJ Weatherall
– volume: 31
  start-page: 233
  year: 2007
  ident: 369_CR17
  publication-title: Hemoglobin
  doi: 10.1080/03630260701296735
  contributor:
    fullname: AN Başak
– year: 2010
  ident: 369_CR7
  publication-title: Mol Biol Int
  contributor:
    fullname: N Al-Allawi
SSID ssj0061345
Score 2.0128617
Snippet Beta thalassemia is an important health problem in Nineveh province, a large province in Northwestern Iraq. No previous study of significance had focused on...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
pubmed
springer
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 213
SubjectTerms Blood Transfusion Medicine
Hematology
Human Genetics
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
Original
Original Article
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: SpringerLINK - Czech Republic Consortium
  dbid: AGYKE
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3NbtQwELaqrYS4QPnfFpCROIG82jiO7Ryr0rIFbcWhlcopsp2xdtWSpZvdHngMHqUP0mdi7CRbLQuHnpNMEns889kz8w0h7zVCeul1ypJSD5kwSjDLOe5avXQaTKJMpMwfn8jRmfhynp1vEb46uqguBl1EMhrqu1o3znXIuxIMjW7OcMezja4nzXpke__z96-Hnf1F_xRbEwdyJCayIe9imf8Ssu6NNiDmZqbkX-HS6IWOHjeVgXUkLwzJJxeD5cIO3K9Nasd7_OAOedSCUrrfaNETsgXVU_Jg3Ibdn5Hf466JLj1YETw39Zt05untDTudhHrMGn5MDZ1W9AQfu4YJ_RYPLBzQ48vLeKiCwJYi5KRNDt410FFIx5mhFgNuB4Kw8bJJDqCfAqVv242rjkJDiAnmFT2em6vn5Ozo8PRgxNpmDswJwRfM-aEFESLGZSaMV4kRRpTKAZcWtCyldiqFAP8SzwFVBKzVoEDkymbC5ekL0qtmFbwi1JY69wlXiS1TYdMyd9Jb6X0ZvDH3pk8-dJNa_Gw4O4o7duYwygWOchFGuUj65F037QWurBAuMRXMlnWRSImajAha9MnLRg1W4nimA3fbsE_UmoKsbgis3etXqukksneLVCFIxfd-7NSgaM1G_f-v3L3X3XvkIeK6rMloe016i_kS3iB2Wti37WL5A3FtFQI
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
Title Molecular Characterization of β-Thalassemia in Nineveh Province Illustrates the Relative Heterogeneity of Mutation Distributions in Northern Iraq
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12288-014-0369-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25825560
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1668240994
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4375141
Volume 31
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3dbtMwFLa2ccMNGuIvMCojcQXy2jiO7Vx2paMDtarQKpWryHZstVKbbv3Zg-xReBCeacdOUlQmbrhJLhI5Vr5jn88-x99B6KMESs-dTEhcyA5hSjCiKYVVq-NGWhULFSTzhyM-mLBv03R6hNLmLExI2jd6fl4uluflfBZyK2-Wpt3kibXHwx5LBPj5uH2MjkWSNEv0avoF9xQqE3ttJMLSDm1CmeG8HKXS524xAhN3RnyZGJpKr8LVOfRLj8jm45zJvwKnwR9dnqJnNZHE3arDz9GRLV-g-2FT7Rb39krM1UFLvHL49y9yPfMHJzd2OVd4XuIRkMw7O8PjsLNgLL5aLMLuBzBQDNwQV8lydxYPfN7MCszNAm_3jQ13VRQff_Hau3XZrE1o1MeC7LrEV2t1-xJNLvvXvQGpqy4QwxjdEuM62jIf2i1SppyIFVOsEMZSrq3kBZdGJNbztNhRC1haraUVlmVCp8xkySt0Uq5K-wZhXcjMxVTEukiYTorMcKe5c4V3m9SpCH1q_nl-U4lr5H9klD1WOWCVe6zyOEIfGlRyGAI-rqFKu9pt8phzMDmguixCryuU9s018EZIHOC3f8HLax8-AasLMtu1lUXoc4N0Xo_vzb97-fa_v_MOPQUyllZpaGfoZLve2fdAeLa6BWY-FS30pPv15_c-3C_6o_GPVjB7uE5o9wG3nwdJ
link.rule.ids 230,315,733,786,790,891,27946,27947,31744,33769,41105,41547,42174,42616,52135,52258,53816,53818
linkProvider National Library of Medicine
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3NbtQwELbQVgIu_EMXChiJE8jVxnFs51iVll3arDhspXKK7GSsXdFmYbPbA4_Bo_AgPFPHSbzVtnDoOc4ktsfjz56Zbwh5rxHSS6djFpV6wIRRglnO8dTqZKHBRMo0lPnZWA5PxJfT5LTL465DtHtwSTaW-irZjXPtA68EQ6ubMjzybAkPqHtka-_zt6ODYIBxg2pqE3t2JCaSAQ_OzH8J2dyObmDMm6GS1_ylzTZ0-JBMQgfa6JPvu6ul3S1-XeN2vGUPH5EHHSyle60ePSZ3oHpC7mad4_0p-Z2FMrp0f03x3GZw0rmjf_-wydRnZNZwPjN0VtExvnYBU_q1ubIogI7OzpprFYS2FEEnbaPwLoAOfUDOHPUY8EDghWWrNjyAfvKkvl09rroR6p1MsKjoaGF-PiMnhweT_SHryjmwQgi-ZIUbWBDeZ1wmwjgVGWFEqQrg0oKWpdSFisEDwMhxQCUBazUoEKmyiSjS-DnpVfMKtgm1pU5dxFVky1jYuEwL6ax0rvT7MXemTz6EWc1_tKwd-RU_sx_lHEc596OcR33yLsx7jmvLO0xMBfNVnUdSoi4jhhZ98qLVg7U4nmjP3jboE7WhIesGnrd780k1mzb83SJWCFPxux-DGuSd4aj__5cvb9X6Lbk3nGTH-fFofPSK3EeUl7TxbTukt1ys4DUiqaV9062cS6nJGNY
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3NbtQwELbQVqq48A9doNRInEBuN45jO8eq7XaXsqseWqmcgp2MtStKtmyyPfAYPEofpM_UcX622hYOiHOcSeJ89nz2jL8h5INGSi-dDlmQ6R4TRglmOcdVq5OpBhMoU0nmj8ZycCo-n0VnTZ3Tos12b0OS9ZkGr9KUlzsXmdu5PfjGufZJWILhDBwzXP6sCXRkUYes7R5-PTpoJ2N0VlWdYq-UxETU421g809GVl3TPb55P23yTuy0ckn9x-Rb-zF1Jsr37UVpt9Nfd3Qe_-Nrn5BHDV2luzW-npIHkD8j66MmIP-c_B615XXp3lL6uT7ZSWeOXl-xk4k_qVnAj6mh05yO8bZLmNDjaisjBTo8P6-2W5DyUiSjtM7OuwQ68Ik6M8Q34ELBGxst6rQBuu_Ffps6XUVl1AefYJ7T4dz8fEFO-wcnewPWlHlgqRC8ZKnrWRA-lpxFwjgVGGFEplLg0oKWmdSpCsETw8BxQPCAtRoUiFjZSKRx-JJ08lkOG4TaTMcu4CqwWShsmMWpdFY6l3k_zZ3pko_tH04uajWP5Fa32fdygr2c-F5Ogi5532IgwTHnAykmh9miSAIpEePIrUWXvKoxsTTHI-1V3XpdolbQsmzg9bxXr-TTSaXrLUKF9BWf-6mFRNJMKMXf3_L1P7XeIuvH-_3ky3B89IY8RPIX1Wlvb0mnnC9gEwlWad81g-gG8o4hsQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Molecular+Characterization+of+%CE%B2-Thalassemia+in+Nineveh+Province+Illustrates+the+Relative+Heterogeneity+of+Mutation+Distributions+in+Northern+Iraq&rft.jtitle=Indian+journal+of+hematology+%26+blood+transfusion&rft.au=Eissa%2C+Adil+A&rft.au=Kashmoola%2C+Muna+A&rft.au=Atroshi%2C+Sulav+D&rft.au=Al-Allawi%2C+Nasir+A+S&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.issn=0971-4502&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.epage=217&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12288-014-0369-1&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0971-4502&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0971-4502&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0971-4502&client=summon