The Flp type IV pilus operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is expressed upon interaction with macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells
The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the F imbrial l ow-molecular-weight p rotein (Flp) type IV pilus. Presumably, the Flp pilus is essential for pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the pili genes are transcribed in culture or d...
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Published in | Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Vol. 12; p. 916247 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A
20.09.2022
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Abstract | The genome of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the
F
imbrial
l
ow-molecular-weight
p
rotein (Flp) type IV pilus. Presumably, the Flp pilus is essential for pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the pili genes are transcribed in culture or during infection of host cells. This study aimed to shed light on the expression of the Flp pili-assembly genes (
tadZ, tadA, tadB, tadC, flp, tadE
, and
tadF
) in
Mtb
growing under different growth conditions (exponential phase, stationary phase, and dormancy NRP1 and NRP2 phases induced by hypoxia), during biofilm formation, and in contact with macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells. We found that expression of
tad/flp
genes was significantly higher in the stationary phase than in exponential or NRP1 or NRP2 phases suggesting that the bacteria do not require type IV pili during dormancy. Elevated gene expression levels were recorded when the bacilli were in contact for 4 h with macrophages or epithelial cells, compared to mycobacteria propagated alone in the cultured medium. An antibody raised against a 12-mer peptide derived from the Flp pilin subunit detected the presence of Flp pili on intra- and extracellular bacteria infecting eukaryotic cells. Altogether, these are compelling data showing that the Flp pili genes are expressed during the interaction of
Mtb
with host cells and highlight a role for Flp pili in colonization and invasion of the host, subsequently promoting bacterial survival during dormancy. |
---|---|
AbstractList | The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the Fimbrial low-molecular-weight protein (Flp) type IV pilus. Presumably, the Flp pilus is essential for pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the pili genes are transcribed in culture or during infection of host cells. This study aimed to shed light on the expression of the Flp pili-assembly genes (tadZ, tadA, tadB, tadC, flp, tadE, and tadF) in Mtb growing under different growth conditions (exponential phase, stationary phase, and dormancy NRP1 and NRP2 phases induced by hypoxia), during biofilm formation, and in contact with macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells. We found that expression of tad/flp genes was significantly higher in the stationary phase than in exponential or NRP1 or NRP2 phases suggesting that the bacteria do not require type IV pili during dormancy. Elevated gene expression levels were recorded when the bacilli were in contact for 4 h with macrophages or epithelial cells, compared to mycobacteria propagated alone in the cultured medium. An antibody raised against a 12-mer peptide derived from the Flp pilin subunit detected the presence of Flp pili on intra- and extracellular bacteria infecting eukaryotic cells. Altogether, these are compelling data showing that the Flp pili genes are expressed during the interaction of Mtb with host cells and highlight a role for Flp pili in colonization and invasion of the host, subsequently promoting bacterial survival during dormancy. The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the F imbrial l ow-molecular-weight p rotein (Flp) type IV pilus. Presumably, the Flp pilus is essential for pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the pili genes are transcribed in culture or during infection of host cells. This study aimed to shed light on the expression of the Flp pili-assembly genes ( tadZ, tadA, tadB, tadC, flp, tadE , and tadF ) in Mtb growing under different growth conditions (exponential phase, stationary phase, and dormancy NRP1 and NRP2 phases induced by hypoxia), during biofilm formation, and in contact with macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells. We found that expression of tad/flp genes was significantly higher in the stationary phase than in exponential or NRP1 or NRP2 phases suggesting that the bacteria do not require type IV pili during dormancy. Elevated gene expression levels were recorded when the bacilli were in contact for 4 h with macrophages or epithelial cells, compared to mycobacteria propagated alone in the cultured medium. An antibody raised against a 12-mer peptide derived from the Flp pilin subunit detected the presence of Flp pili on intra- and extracellular bacteria infecting eukaryotic cells. Altogether, these are compelling data showing that the Flp pili genes are expressed during the interaction of Mtb with host cells and highlight a role for Flp pili in colonization and invasion of the host, subsequently promoting bacterial survival during dormancy. |
Author | Yáñez-Santos, Jorge A. Torres, Javier Ares, Miguel A. Alteri, Christopher J. Girón, Jorge A. Martínez-Laguna, Ygnacio De la Cruz, Miguel A. Friedman, Richard L. Cedillo, María L. Soria-Bustos, Jorge González-y-Merchand, Jorge A. Maldonado-Bernal, Carmen Rios-Sarabia, Nora |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , Mexico City , Mexico 6 Centro de Detección Biomolecular, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico 7 Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico 8 Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , United States 3 Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Mexico City , Mexico 1 Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn , Dearborn, MI , United States 4 Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo , Hidalgo , Mexico 5 Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Mexico City , Mexico |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo , Hidalgo , Mexico – name: 2 Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , Mexico City , Mexico – name: 1 Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn , Dearborn, MI , United States – name: 3 Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Mexico City , Mexico – name: 5 Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Mexico City , Mexico – name: 8 Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , United States – name: 6 Centro de Detección Biomolecular, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico – name: 7 Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Christopher J. surname: Alteri fullname: Alteri, Christopher J. – sequence: 2 givenname: Nora surname: Rios-Sarabia fullname: Rios-Sarabia, Nora – sequence: 3 givenname: Miguel A. surname: De la Cruz fullname: De la Cruz, Miguel A. – sequence: 4 givenname: Jorge A. surname: González-y-Merchand fullname: González-y-Merchand, Jorge A. – sequence: 5 givenname: Jorge surname: Soria-Bustos fullname: Soria-Bustos, Jorge – sequence: 6 givenname: Carmen surname: Maldonado-Bernal fullname: Maldonado-Bernal, Carmen – sequence: 7 givenname: María L. surname: Cedillo fullname: Cedillo, María L. – sequence: 8 givenname: Jorge A. surname: Yáñez-Santos fullname: Yáñez-Santos, Jorge A. – sequence: 9 givenname: Ygnacio surname: Martínez-Laguna fullname: Martínez-Laguna, Ygnacio – sequence: 10 givenname: Javier surname: Torres fullname: Torres, Javier – sequence: 11 givenname: Richard L. surname: Friedman fullname: Friedman, Richard L. – sequence: 12 givenname: Jorge A. surname: Girón fullname: Girón, Jorge A. – sequence: 13 givenname: Miguel A. surname: Ares fullname: Ares, Miguel A. |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1128_mbio_00827_24 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mib_2024_102468 crossref_primary_10_3390_biom13060968 crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_01023_23 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms11051118 crossref_primary_10_3390_genes14051023 |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2022 Alteri, Rios-Sarabia, De la Cruz, González-y-Merchand, Soria-Bustos, Maldonado-Bernal, Cedillo, Yáñez-Santos, Martínez-Laguna, Torres, Friedman, Girón and Ares 2022 Alteri, Rios-Sarabia, De la Cruz, González-y-Merchand, Soria-Bustos, Maldonado-Bernal, Cedillo, Yáñez-Santos, Martínez-Laguna, Torres, Friedman, Girón and Ares |
Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2022 Alteri, Rios-Sarabia, De la Cruz, González-y-Merchand, Soria-Bustos, Maldonado-Bernal, Cedillo, Yáñez-Santos, Martínez-Laguna, Torres, Friedman, Girón and Ares 2022 Alteri, Rios-Sarabia, De la Cruz, González-y-Merchand, Soria-Bustos, Maldonado-Bernal, Cedillo, Yáñez-Santos, Martínez-Laguna, Torres, Friedman, Girón and Ares |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Bacteria and Host, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Deceased Reviewed by: Avishek Mitra, Oklahoma State University, United States; Shivendra Chaurasiya, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, India Edited by: Saurabh Pandey, Jamia Hamdard University, India |
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Snippet | The genome of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the
F
imbrial
l
ow-molecular-weight
p
rotein (Flp) type IV... The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) harbors the genetic machinery for assembly of the Fimbrial low-molecular-weight protein (Flp) type IV pilus.... |
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SubjectTerms | adherence biofilms Cellular and Infection Microbiology mycobacteria pili tuberculosis virulence |
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Title | The Flp type IV pilus operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is expressed upon interaction with macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells |
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