Epidemiology, Biodiversity, and Technological Trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: From Malaria to COVID-19

The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and enviro...

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Published inFrontiers in public health Vol. 9
Main Authors Codeço, Claudia T., Dal'Asta, Ana P., Rorato, Ana C., Lana, Raquel M., Neves, Tatiana C., Andreazzi, Cecilia S., Barbosa, Milton, Escada, Maria I. S., Fernandes, Danilo A., Rodrigues, Danuzia L., Reis, Izabel C., Silva-Nunes, Monica, Gontijo, Alexandre B., Coelho, Flavio C., Monteiro, Antonio M. V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 13.07.2021
Subjects
Amazon
biodiversity
COVID-19
ecosystem service
epidemiology
Public Health
technological trajectory
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Abstract The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes -borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon.
AbstractList The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes -borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon.
The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes-borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon.
Author Lana, Raquel M.
Barbosa, Milton
Coelho, Flavio C.
Dal'Asta, Ana P.
Rorato, Ana C.
Fernandes, Danilo A.
Escada, Maria I. S.
Monteiro, Antonio M. V.
Andreazzi, Cecilia S.
Gontijo, Alexandre B.
Codeço, Claudia T.
Neves, Tatiana C.
Silva-Nunes, Monica
Reis, Izabel C.
Rodrigues, Danuzia L.
AuthorAffiliation 8 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
2 Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais , Sao Jose dos Campos , Brazil
5 Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, DGEE, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
7 Instituto de Estudos em Desenvolvimento Agrário e Regional, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará , Maraba , Brazil
6 Instituto de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belem , Brazil
3 Centro de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais , Sao Jose dos Campos , Brazil
10 Laboratório de Produtos Florestais, Serviço Florestal Brasileiro , Brasília , Brazil
9 Universidade Federal do Acre , Rio Branco , Brazil
1 Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
4 Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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– name: 2 Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais , Sao Jose dos Campos , Brazil
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  surname: Coelho
  fullname: Coelho, Flavio C.
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  surname: Monteiro
  fullname: Monteiro, Antonio M. V.
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Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2021 Codeço, Dal'Asta, Rorato, Lana, Neves, Andreazzi, Barbosa, Escada, Fernandes, Rodrigues, Reis, Silva-Nunes, Gontijo, Coelho and Monteiro. 2021 Codeço, Dal'Asta, Rorato, Lana, Neves, Andreazzi, Barbosa, Escada, Fernandes, Rodrigues, Reis, Silva-Nunes, Gontijo, Coelho and Monteiro
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Snippet The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of...
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SubjectTerms Amazon
biodiversity
COVID-19
ecosystem service
epidemiology
Public Health
technological trajectory
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Title Epidemiology, Biodiversity, and Technological Trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: From Malaria to COVID-19
URI https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8314010
https://doaj.org/article/e66d2358363848d4b5a7c34bc6665a78
Volume 9
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