Relationship between selected orientation rest frame, circular vection and space motion sickness

• Published in: Brain research bulletin Vol. 47; no. 5; pp. 497 - 501
• Main Authors: Harm, Deborah L, Parker, Donald E, Reschke, Millard F, Skinner, Noel C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Legacy CDMS Elsevier Inc 15.11.1998; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adult; Aerospace Medicine; Biological and medical sciences; Female; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Motion sickness; Motion Sickness - physiopathology; Orientation - physiology; Reaction Time - physiology; Space Perception - physiology; Spatial orientation; Transport. Aerospace. Diving. Altitude; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents; Vection; Spatial orientation; Motion sickness; Vection; Space Perception/physiology; Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-P.h.s; Human; Comparative Study; Clinical Trial; Middle Aged; Male; Nasa Discipline Neuroscience; Short Duration; Motion Sickness/physiopathology; Flight Experiment; Sts Shuttle Project; Nasa Center Jsc; Reaction Time/physiology; Female; Adult; Manned; Orientation/physiology; Physical agent; Internal ear disease; ENT disease; Trauma; Microgravity; NASA Discipline Neuroscience; NASA Center JSC
• ISSN: 0361-9230; 1873-2747
• DOI: 10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00096-3

Space motion sickness (SMS) and spatial orientation and motion perception disturbances occur in 70–80% of astronauts. People select “rest frames” to create the subjective sense of spatial orientation. In microgravity, the astronaut’s rest frame may be based on visual scene polarity cues and on the internal head and body z axis (vertical body axis). The data reported here address the following question: Can an astronaut’s orientation rest frame be related and described by other variables including circular vection response latencies and space motion sickness? The astronaut’s microgravity spatial orientation rest frames were determined from inflight and postflight verbal reports. Circular vection responses were elicited by rotating a virtual room continuously at 35°/s in pitch, roll and yaw with respect to the astronaut. Latency to the onset of vection was recorded from the time the crew member opened their eyes to the onset of vection. The astronauts who used visual cues exhibited significantly shorter vection latencies than those who used internal z axis cues. A negative binomial regression model was used to represent the observed total SMS symptom scores for each subject for each flight day. Orientation reference type had a significant effect, resulting in an estimated three-fold increase in the expected motion sickness score on flight day 1 for astronauts who used visual cues. The results demonstrate meaningful classification of astronauts’ rest frames and their relationships to sensitivity to circular vection and SMS. Thus, it may be possible to use vection latencies to predict SMS severity and duration.